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Biomedical subjects

E M Mandel

Publications and source records attributed to E M Mandel.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Effect of a low dose of vincristine on platelet production in mice.

The effect of a single low dose (0.1 mg/kg) of vincristine (VCR) on platelet production was investigated in C57B1 mice. A parallel increase of circulating platelets and (75Se)-selenomethionine (Se-Met) uptake was observed. The total megakaryocyte count decreased insignificantly 6 hours after VCR injection, followed by an increase after 18 hours. Plasma taken from mice 24 hours after VCR injection was tested for thrombopoietic activity. The post-VCR plasma caused a significant thrombocytosis, increased Se-Met uptake and increased protein synthesis of the platelets, indicating an active overproduction of platelets. These results suggest that the thrombocytosis induced by a low dose of VCR is mediated by a thrombopoietin-like substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Primary fibrinolysis and spontaneous rupture of the spleen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A 51-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia whose course was complicated by primary fibrinolysis and spontaneous rupture of the spleen is described. The patient was treated with various drug combinations: vincristine and prednisone, later by cytosine arabinoside and finally by prednisone, methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine. Four months after the diagnosis he developed epistaxis and petechiae. The coagulation tests were compatible with primary fibrinolysis and he responded to treatment with epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA). One month and a half later he developed again epistaxis, ecchymoses, splenomegaly and an acute abdomen. The coagulation tests revealed primary fibrinolysis. The operation revealed a ruptured spleen. After splenectomy the treatment with EACA was continued and, despite an improvement in the coagulation tests, the patient died.

Fibrinolysis↗
PubMed1976

Intramitochondrial crystalline inclusions in the liver of a patient with hyperthyroidism.

The case of a female patient with hyperthyroidism and slightly impaired liver function is described. Histological examination of liver biopsy did not reveal any pathological findings. Electron microscopic examination revealed crystalline inclusions in a great number of the mitochondria of the liver cells, as well as increased size of the mitochondira. Similar findings were obtained upon examination of a liver biopsy performed six months after start of treatment for hyperthyroidism. Examination of the skin, muscle and white blood cells did not show the presence of such inclusions in the mitochondria. The significance of these findings in the liver cells is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Vincristine-induced myocardial infarction.

A patient with lymphosarcoma treated with weekly injections of vincristine developed an acute myocardial infarction immediately after the second injection of vincristine. After he recovered from the infarction, the treatment was continued and he developed an additional myocardial infarction. In vivo and in vitro studies have not revealed any effect of vincristine on the clotting mechanism. The possible causes for the association of vincristine-treated lymphoma and myocardial infarction are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Increased salivary calcium levels as an indicator of digoxin intoxication.

One hundred ten individuals were divided into patients with digoxin intoxication; patients treated with digoxin; patients treated with digoxin and diuretics; patients treated with diuretics; and control subjects. Measurement of salivary potassium and calcium levels showed that 81% of the patients with digoxin intoxication had noticeable elevation of the salivary calcium level. In 22%, elevation of the salivary calcium level preceded clinical manifestations of intoxication. The high calcium level in the saliva was not accompanied by changes in serum or urinary calcium levels. The elevation of salivary calcium levels can be used not only as an additional indicator of digoxin intoxication but also for detecting impending intoxication in patients treated with this drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Dumb-bell neurinoma of the hypoglossal nerve.

A unique case of dumb-bell neurinoma of the hypoglossal nerve is presented. The importance of hemiatrophy of the tongue is stressed for early diagnosis of the lesion. The myelocisternogram is the single most important contrast study confirming the intracranial extension of the tumour. Total dissection of the tumour capsule may not be feasible in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The presence of hepatic intramitochondrial crystalline inclusions in routine liver biopsies.

Electron microscope examination of the liver biopsies of 33 patients revealed the presence of intramitochondrial crystalline inclusions (IMCI) in ten of them. Three patients suffered from iron deficiency anemia, porphyria, and malignant melanoma, conditions not reported to be associated with IMCI. Comparison of the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with and without IMCI did not show significant difference, or a clue for clarifying the nature of this phenomenon. Although these inclusions were reported in normal individuals, the possibility that they are the result of liver damage is not excluded.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Duration of effusion after antibiotic treatment for acute otitis media: comparison of cefaclor and amoxicillin.

A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at two sites comparing cefaclor and amoxicillin for the treatment of acute otitis media with effusion in 214 children (293 ears). Each child underwent unilateral or bilateral tympanocentesis and then was randomly assigned to receive a 14-day course of either amoxicillin or cefaclor. The symptomatic clinical response was the same for the two antibiotics, with four children considered "treatment failures" in each antibiotic treatment group. By 14 days after entry into the study 59 of 106 children (55.7%) in the cefaclor group had ears that were effusion-free as compared to 40 of 97 children (41.2%) in the amoxicillin group (P = 0.05). When considering all children with effusion-free ears as well as those "improved" from their original status (those with bilateral middle ear effusions at entry but only unilateral after treatment), 68 of 106 children (64.2%) receiving cefaclor were effusion-free or "improved," compared to 43 of 97 children (44.3%) receiving amoxicillin (P = 0.01). However, by 42 days after entry the percentage of children whose ears were without effusion or "improved" was equal in both treatment groups (68.9% in the cefaclor group and 67.5% in the amoxicillin group). The reasons for the differences observed at 14 days after entry are not readily apparent.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of cefaclor and amoxicillin for acute otitis media with effusion.

A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted comparing cefaclor and amoxicillin for the treatment of acute otitis media with effusion in 110 children (150 ears). Each child underwent unilateral or bilateral tympanocentesis and then randomly received a 14-day course of either amoxicillin or cefaclor. Of 57 children in the cefaclor group, only 3 children (5.3%) had persistent or recurrent symptoms during the 14-day course of treatment, as compared to 5 of 53 children (9.4%) in the amoxicillin group, but this difference is not significant. After completion of the 14 days of therapy, 45 of 76 ears (59.2%) of the children in the cefaclor group were effusion-free, as compared to only 28 of 64 ears (43.7%) of the children in the amoxicillin group. When adjusted for age and race, this difference is statistically significant (p = .03). However, the difference between the effect of the two antimicrobials is not statistically significant in children. Cefaclor is a reasonable choice for antimicrobial therapy for acute otitis media with effusion, and from these study findings, it appears that cefaclor may be more effective than amoxicillin in resolving the middle ear effusion at the completion of 14-day therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical and ultrastructural observations in primary acquired sideroblastic anemia.

The clinical and laboratory findings in three patients with primary acquired sideroblastic anemia (PASA) are described. The results demonstrate that what seems to be a well defined entity of the large group of sideroblastic anemias, is in itself a heterogeneous subgroup, with differences capable of detection by more extensive studies. Electron microscopic examination of erythroid cell precursors confirmed previously described features such as deposition of large amounts of iron, mainly in the mitochondria. The precipitated serum proteins revealed an increased content of ferritin molecules only in the patients and not in control individuals, suggesting an increased supply of iron to the erythroid precursors. This finding could serve as an additional mechanism for the accumulation of iron in the erythroid precursors, considering also the defect in heme synthesis and increased permeability of the erythroid membrane for iron, described in this condition.

Aged↗