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Biomedical subjects

E M Mastiukova

Publications and source records attributed to E M Mastiukova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[A clinico-physiological and psychological-pedagogical analysis of the structure of the defect in cognitive activity in 3 cases of different forms of speech pathology].

Clinical (neurological), neurophysiological (EEG) and psychological examinations were carried out in 3 children with general speech defects. These children represented 3 main groups with speech disturbances: with speech defects which may be logopedically corrected, with speech defect and intact intellectual ability, with considerable disturbances of speech and cognitive functions. The peculiarities of cognitive disturbances were determined in each group. They were manifested in the form of alterations either of basic EEG or of EEG response to different stimuli as well as in psychological profile structure.

Child↗
PubMed1995

[The use of the Lüscher color test for assessing the emotional status of children and adolescents with an organic central nervous system lesion and borderline psychopathology].

The diagnostic value of Lüscher's colour test for the estimation of emotional state of children and juveniles (teenagers) with central nervous system's organic alteration and borderline psychopathological disturbances was analysed. Moreover a number of other additional tests were used namely the colour estimation of current and optimal state, the measurement of personal emotional anxiety according to Scott scale as well as the comparison of colour selection results and colour perception in dream. It was demonstrated that color selection results depended upon both neuroticism level and presence or type of psychopathological disturbances. They had their own specificity if organic CNS alteration took place and were determined by pathological focus localization. The psychological characteristics that were symbolized in colours according to Lüscher corresponded mainly to personal peculiarities in both neurosis-like and certain types of psychopathological alteration in which the definite colours were preferable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The study of dreams in a complex method for the neuropsychological examination of children and adolescents with organic lesions and functional disorders of the CNS].

The dreams were analyzed in 73 patients aged 10-14, among them 22 had brain tumors, 23 epilepsy, 18 neurotic and psychopathic-like disturbances. The control group included 10 healthy children. The results showed that the frequency and pattern of the dreams are related to functional disturbances secondary to the organic lesions of the brain as well as to organic lesions themselves and relevant location. Correlation between dream features and psychologic characteristics of the patients has also been demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The seizure syndrome combined with sensorimotor aphasia and alalia (the Landau-Kleffner syndrome)].

Electric brain activity and clinical status were studied in children with Landau-Kleffner syndrome. The paper covers 21 cases of the disease in patients aged from 2 years 11 months to 16 years in whom speech disorders and convulsive episodes varied in onset. A characteristic EEG pattern was recorded in the majority of the examinees. It comprised slow high-amplitude spike-and-wave complexes localized primarily in the temporal regions, more frequently on the left side. Clinically, the children belonged to 2 groups: epileptic aphasia and epileptic alalia patients. The latter had more significant EEG changes attributed to earlier onset of this disease. The data obtained showed the importance of combined clinical and EEG investigations in the diagnosis of Landau-Kleffner syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Acquired childhood aphasia and epilepsy].

The article described one of three cases of a rare syndrome of acquired infantile acute epileptic aphasia. The course of clinical, pedagogical and electroencephalographical signs were analyzed. Besides a severe speech defect caused by sensomotor aphasia, the female patient had generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. EEG featured the changes typical of the Lennox-Gastaud syndrome. The steady nature of the defect was apparently related to the spread of paroxysmal activity over both hemispheres with preponderant involvement of the left temporal region.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the conceptual and logical thinking of younger schoolchildren from the aspect of diagnosing intellectual impairment].

To improve reliability of mental retardation (MR) diagnosis, psychiatrists should employ techniques providing assessment of various psychic functions including conceptual thinking. Such a technique is presented in the paper along with four verbal subtests, relevant examination procedure, processing of the data obtained, evaluation of the successful task performance. The examination has covered a representative sample of an ordinary school pupils attending forms 1 and 2 as well as MR children. Quantitative criteria of MR determination have been established. The validity of the technique inclusion into the standard complex aimed at detecting the underlying factor in the defect is described.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Syndrome forms of complicated oligophrenia (Rubinstein-Taybi and Noonan syndromes)].

The article presents the results of clinicogenetic studies of two syndromal forms of complicated oligophrenia featuring the intellectual underdevelopment combined with apraxic cortical dysarthria, hypogenitalism and multiple dysontogenies. Psychopathological structure of these syndromal forms of complicated oligophrenia are given. This is of major importance for diagnostic, medical and psycho-pedagogical correction. The questions of genetic heterogeneity of the syndromes are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnosis and clinical picture of oligophrenia among students with cerebral palsy].

A clinico-psychological examination covered 112 children aged 7-9 years with cerebral paralysis. The authors consider the diagnosis of intellectual disorders using traditional clinico-psychological techniques and an original technique of prediction ("Ugadaika" and Raven's matrices). the latter two methods, when combined with clinical examination, were shown to be highly informative in diagnosing oligophrenia in junior schoolchildren. Characteristics of oligophrenia in different forms of infantile cerebral paralysis are described.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1986

[Current problems of alcoholic embryo- and fetopathy].

The authors consider the least studied questions of alcoholic embryo- and fetopathy in the mechanism of the teratogenic action of alcohol on the development of the embryo and fetus and emphasize the importance of the time of damage, genotype, and additional effects of the environment. On the basis of analysis of the literature and their own data the authors have identified the most important manifestations of the fetal alcohol syndrome at different stages of the child development. The questions of the differential diagnosis are also discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical evaluation of the mental development of children during the 1st year].

A combined study of the formation of mental functions in 520 infants under one year of age in normal and various pathological conditions was carried out. The authors conclude that the retardation of the psychic development in newborns and infants never occurs in the isolated form. Thus, the objective assessment of mental development may be made only in correlation with the formation of other functional systems which is important for the elaboration of early therapeutic and corrective measures.

Developmental Disabilities↗
PubMed1980

[Retardation of psychomotor development in children during the first year of life].

Many-year observations of 1680 children with retarded psychomotor development during the first year of life suggest that qualitative and quantitative differentiation of the development retardation should be made. Two variants of psychomotor development retardation in children of the first year of life are distinguished: a benign nonspecific, and a specific one. In the former case, the retardation is not due to a specific damage to the brain or its dysfunction, i. e. at the basis of this retardation there lie a delayed maturation of the brain structures and a slower development of their functions without qualitative changes in the nervous system. The specific retardation is always due to a damage to the brain structures and their functions. In this variant there is a dysfunction of the brain which manifests in various neurological syndromes. The authors explain the peculiarities of the nonspecific and specific retardation at various age periods, give examples of the differentiation of the specific retardation with regard to its gravity, and describe the principal neurological syndromes characterizing this retardation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Minimal brain dysfunction in children (neurologic aspect)].

The paper contains some data of a dynamical study of 108 children with early organic brain lesions. Starting from the neonate period, in 29 cases (26,8%) there was a stable focal neurological symptomatology, in 42 (38,9%)--symptoms of neuropsychic abnormalities were not found. In 37 cases (34,3%) there was a neurological and psychopathological symptomatology, typical for minimal brain dysfunction. The studies indicate a certain role of the organic factor in the etiology and clinical signs of minimal brain dysfunction in infants. The conclusion is made that there is a necessity for a thorough neurological examination of infants with pathology in the perinatal period with slight neurological changes or considered to be practically normal. Early treatment and prevention of clinical signs in minimal brain dysfunction is stressed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical and electrophysiological comparisons in minimal cerebral dysfunction in school-aged children].

Clinico-electrophysiological studies of 74 children of school age with speech disorders demonstrated that the syndrome of the minimal brain dysfunction frequently develops on the background of early organic brain lesions. These data were confirmed by a combination of speech and motor disturbances in 70.3% of the studied children as well as by changes in the electro- and echoencephalograms. That is why one of the criteria for eliminating the syndrome of the minimal brain dysfunction should be the state of the motor and speech systems in combination with EEG data.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1976

[Early neurologic manifestations of minimal brain dysfunction in children].

The authors studied 207 children with minimal cerebral dysfunctions. Among this contingent 132 were followed-up from the moment of birth and subsequently during 8-10 years. It was demonstrated that already at the early stages of development certain neurological signs can be detected: somato-vegetative disorders, changes of the muscular tone, a hypertensive syndrome. In some of the children there was a retardation of psychomotor functions and prespeech development. One of the important goals at the present time is the elaboration of preventive measures of minimal cerebral dysfunctions in children with perinatal brain lesions.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗