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Biomedical subjects

E M Meyner

Publications and source records attributed to E M Meyner.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Mirror effects caused by intraocular lenses].

The PMMA intraocular lens has a far greater reflective capacity than the human lens. This reflective quality can be demonstrated through slit lamp biomicroscopy similar to the phenomenon producing the known Purkinje-Sanson mirror images. The arrangement of these images depends on lens centration and lens tilt. Since the introduction of lens implantation, such observations are clinically interesting, and until now this area has mostly been left unexplored. Furthermore, the highly reflective surface of intraocular lenses allows objects within the eye to be reflected. In this way, one can observe the pupillary margin of the iris "from the back" and the anterior chamber cells as a viral image due in the vitreous. The natural human lens does not produce this phenomenon, as its reflective capacity is low, a point in itself that is of special interest. Spectacles and optical instruments are treated today for the most part with a non-reflective surface to enhance contrast and avoid glare. Consequently, because of the high reflectivity of surfaces, glare may now be produced within the eye by intraocular lenses. On the other hand, technical attempts to reduce intraocular glare by artificial lenses should not interfere with the clinical interests of maintaining good biocompatibility.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[Secondary cataract in aphakic children (author's transl)].

Extracapsular extraction of infantile cataract often leads to the development of secondary cataract. The object of this paper is to describe conditions leading to secondary cataract. Between 1960 and 1976, 251 children up to 12 years of age with bilateral congenital cataract were treated and followed up. Surgery was performed on 305 eyes (171 children). The total number of surgical interventions amounted to 707. In 125 cases, the occurrence of secondary cataract necessitated a second operation. Only through the posterior capsulotomy we were able to provide permanently clear optic media. In 85% of the cases with primary intact posterior capsules a secondary cataract operation was necessary within four years; in infants secondary cataract developed especially quickly. In 68 cases capsulotomy was accomplished during the primary surgical intervention. -- Traumatically induced aphakias were also investigated. In 441 cases with perforating injuries, 221 cases presented with considerable damage to the lens. Because of further complications a functional aphakia could only be achieved in 77 cases. Secondary cataract surgery was performed in 40 cases. -- The risk of late complications increases with insufficient application of atropine in the postoperative period, thereby inducing the formation of posterior synechiae. In the few cases where retinal detachment was observed, a vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber, with the appearance of anterior synechias, was always present. -- Our observations led us to the following conclusions: Secondary cataract is an unavoidable consequence in cases where the posterior capsule remains intact. Since the preservation of an intact posterior capsule should remain the goal of the first intervention, the invariable occurrence of the secondary cataract should not be looked upon as a complication but rather as an inevitable condition to be treated in a mandatory second operation.

Aphakia↗
PubMed1978

[Operations and occlusion treatment in unilateral congenital cataract (author's transl)].

In view of contradicting opinions regarding the chances by operations of unilateral congenital cataracts, we tested 97 children systematically since 1966. We especially tried to find out which functional meaning can be given to the operation and the following occlusion treatment. 64 children were operated, of these 22 in their 1. and 2. year of life, and an attempt of occlusion therapy followed. By 31 children test results were insufficient due mainly to the lack of cooperation of the parents who did not completely carry out the recommended therapy. In 2 patients the visual acuity improved clearly with central fixation. 6 children had a subjective, reliable orientation although their visual acuity lied under 0,2 and no central fixation was achieved. By the visual acuity and fixation test, they did not however differenciate from other children, who showed no improvement subjectively. The occlusion therapy was broken up by 15 children because of subjective discouragement and no signs of progression concerning the therapy. In retrospect serious operative complications within the observation time were not noted. Every type of cataract requires individual surgical techniques. Obviously, in such cases the measured visual acuity is not the appropriate criteria to judge the functional performance of the eye.

Cataract↗
PubMed1976

[Angled micro-scissors for after-cataract surgery (author's transl)].

A report is given on new micro-scissors for after-cataract operations. Its shape permits a perfect direction of incision in the pupillary region not only form a temporally placed corneal incision but also from all other meridians without its handling being impeded by the orbital border or th nose of the patient. Especially in certain injury sequels and other postoperative conditions the scissors extend the operative possibilities.

Cataract Extraction↗