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Biomedical subjects

E Möller

Publications and source records attributed to E Möller.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

High incidence of spontaneous Ig-producing lymphocytes in peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with active seropositive rheumatoid arthritis.

Numbers of in vitro spontaneous IgG, IgM and IgA plaque-forming cells (PFC) as assessed by a modification of the protein A haemolytic plaque assay were determined in the blood and synovial fluid of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and compared with those of control groups. The total numbers of PFC were significantly higher in the peripheral blood of patients with active seropositive RA than in that of normal controls. In addition, most B lymphocytes in the synovial fluid of patients with active seropositive RA were active immunoglobulin (Ig) producers, whereas synovial fluid lymphocytes from patients with inactive seropositive RA and seronegative arthritis were not. In general, IgA PFC were relatively high in blood, whereas IgG PFC dominated in the synovial fluid. IgM PFC appear to be relatively low in blood and synovial fluid. However, a relative increase of IgG PFC was noted in the peripheral blood of patients with active RA. To test for polyclonality of the increased Ig synthesis, we tested the sera of patients and controls for the presence of polyclonal antibodies against sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and SRBC modified by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and trinitrophenyl (TNP). No differences were observed with SRBC and TNP-SRBC agglutinin titres between patients and controls, but patients with RA had higher titres of FITC-SRBC agglutinins than normal sera. This finding supports the concept of a polyclonal nature of antibody production in RA patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Postural and maximal activity in elevators of mandible before and after treatment of functional disorders.

In a longitudinal study we compared clinical data on pain and tenderness and electromyographic recordings of postural and maximal activity from 37 patients before and after treatment of functional disorders of the masticatory system. Forty-three dental students served as controls. Treatment was followed by a concomitant decrease of pain, tenderness and postural activity. Muscle strength in terms of the activity during maximal bite in the intercuspal position was not altered by treatment, but activation of the right and left anterior temporal muscles became more uniform. The relative postural loading of the elevators was assessed as their activity in percent of full effort. Following treatment, loading in patients decreased significantly and became more symmetrical in the anterior temporal muscles. Loading also tended to decrease in the posterior temporal and masseter muscles. However, it still significantly exceeded postural activity in percent of full effort in the controls. Since treatment involved correction of the occlusion we conclude that the intermaxillary conditions of tooth contact during function play a role in the etiology of functional disorders and that the reduction of the relative postural loading of the elevators of the patients due to this treatment contributed to their relief. The relatively high percentage of full effort displayed as postural activity by the patients even after treatment may explain fluctuation of symptoms and signs of functional disorders of the masticatory system. It also emphasizes the need for improved methods of treatment to reduce the probability of recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The first infant to survive a generalized BCG infection.

A 17-month-old boy who contracted a severe generalized BCG infection is reported. He was treated for 2 years with streptomycin, isoniazide and rifampicin and is now, at the age of 5 years, apparently cured. The boy had an unexplained discrepancy between humoral and cellular PPD reactivity for several years, but conventional immunological studies including plasma immunoglobulin levels, blast transformation as well as MLC reactivity were all normal. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first child reported who has survived a generalized BCG infection.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1982

Atopy and HLA antigens in patients with keratoconus.

Thirty unrelated Caucasian patients with keratoconus and 30 patients with regular astigmatism which served as a control group were typed for histocompatibility (HLA) antigens. Their serum levels of immunoglobulins were determined and past and present history of atopic disease of their own as well as among their relatives were examined. No association between keratoconus and any specific HLA antigen was noted. Neither was any statistically significant increase of atopic disease in the keratoconus population observed. Nor was any correlation between elevated IgE level and keratoconus found. However, a statistically significant increase of atopic disease among the relatives of the keratoconus group was found. In conclusion, no evidence for HLA association with keratoconus disease was found. The results suggest that there may be a association between keratoconus and atopic disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Experience with nearly 20,000 blind liver punctures].

UNLABELLED: Report about the experience in almost 20000 cases of percutaneous liver biopsy. The puncture was done by Menghini needle. COMPLICATIONS: No case of death, 11 bleedings, 1 biliary peritonitis, 1 exudative pleurisy, 1 valvular pneumothorax, 2 hematothoraxes. In 5 cases laparotomy was necessary. The frequency of non lethal complications was 0,08%, of complications with following laparotomy 0,25%. All punctions were done with a needle caliber of 1,8 mm. Our experience shows that the risk of bleeding is not correlated with the caliber of the punction needle. In comparison with other statistics the postpunctional morbidity is distinctly better; fortunately we had no mortality.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1981

Correlation between suppression of B cell anti-hapten response and generation of cytotoxic T cells induced by hapten-labelled syngeneic lymphocytes.

The correlation between suppression of B cell antibody response and generation of cytotoxic T cells induced by hapten (FITC) labelled syngeneic lymphocytes was studied. Primary in vitro sensitization with lymphocytes labelled with the hapten concentrations (FITC 0.5 and FITC 0.05) previously shown to induce specific B cell unresponsiveness generated cytotoxic cells that specifically lysed haptenated syngeneic blast cells. In vivo priming with either SC-FITC 0.5 or SC-FITC 0.05 could be demonstrated after in vitro restimulation with similarly haptenated cells. Thus, cells from primed mice gave a cytotoxic response already after 3 days in culture, whereas primary responses were only observed on day 5. Furthermore, immunization was evident as an increased specific lysis at low effector/target ratios. However, no direct cytotoxicity could be detected in spleen cells from immune animals. Comparison between kinetics of in vivo development of specific antibody suppression and induction of cytotoxic cells detectable after in vitro boosting revealed no correlation between the two phenomena.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Comparison between the specificity of primary and secondary killer cells against alloantigens and hapten-modified syngeneic lymphoid cells.

Cytotoxic responses of lymphoid cells from different mouse strains against syngeneic cells modified with the haptens fluorescein isothiocyanate and trinitrophenyl were investigated. Mic of the H-2k strain demonstrated strong primary in vitro hapten-specific cytotoxicity reactions, which were H-2 restricted and involved the Kk specificity. However, cells from H-2d and H-2b mice developed hapten-specific cytotoxic reactions that showed H-2 cross-reactivity. This cross-reactivity, with regard to the restriction element, was particularly evident with cells from mice that had been immunized in vivo. No cross-reaction was observed between the two haptens, and Dd target cell antigens. Similar cross-reactions were demonstrated in vitro experiments in which secondary in vitro responses were induced by stimulation with cross-reacting H-2 antigens. This finding was also investigated in allogeneic cytotoxicity. In vitro induced responses resulting in relatively weak specific cell-mediated lympholysis reactions were H-2 specific, whereas secondary in vitro responses demonstrated cross-reactivity between Dd and Db antigens. In these test systems, cross-stimulation was also demonstrated in secondary in vitro responses. These results are discussed in terms of similarities of T cell recognition of hapten-modified self antigens and of alloantigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Experimentally induced transplantation tolerance. I. Dissociation of effector lymphocytes specific for alloantigens by neonatal tolerance induction.

Neonatal tolerance was induced in CBA mice to alloantigens expressed by lymphoid cells of the A/Sn strain. 50% of the grafted animals maintained viable skin grafts for greater than 120 days and thus were considered operationally tolerant. However, splenic lymphocytes from these animals were capable of in vitro activation of DNA synthesis in response to the tolerizing alloantigens. Likewise, the spleen contained precursors of cytotoxic effector cells capable, upon activation, of similarly recognizing the major histocompatibility complex alloantigens used for tolerance induction. In contrast, in vivo graft-versus-host (GVH) effector function was absent, suggesting a possible dissociation of cells involved in the in vitro cell-mediated lympholysis and the in vivo GVH. Determination of potential serum-blocking factors as a possible mechanism of graft survival in these tolerant animals proved negative.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Tuberculous meningitis: immune reactions within the central nervous system.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytes from two patients with tuberculous meningitis proliferated stronger than the corresponding peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) when stimulated with tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) in the lymphocyte transformation test after 3 days of culture. This might indicate an accumulation of specifically primed lymphocytes within the central nervous system. CSF lymphocytes and PBL from nine of ten patients with acute aseptic meningitis investigated as controls showed no or low responses when stimulated with PPD, whereas the remaining patient displayed a significant proliferation of CSF lymphocytes, which was more pronounced than that of PBL. Stimulation with the mitogens phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweek mitogen gave lower proliferation of CSF lymphocytes compared with PBL in tuberculous and aseptic meningitis. Evaluation of the proliferative response of CSF lymphocytes compared with PBL on stimulation with PPD might be a useful complement in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

On mechanisms of activation and restriction in T and B lymphocytes.

The mechanism of MHC restriction is discussed with special reference to cytotoxic T lymphocytes reactive against hapten-modified self determinants. Effector cell specificity is considered to reflect the specificity of primary induction and recognition between T lymphocytes and immunogenic antigenic determinants. Mechanisms of activation and development of different specificity repertoires in T and in B cells are discussed, with special reference to those self determinants that direct specificity and serve as markers for self-nonself discrimination.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1981

HLA-A,B,C and DR antigens in psoriasis.

51 psoriasis vulgaris patients and 93 controls were tested for HLA-A,B,C and DR antigenic frequencies. Significant increases of B17, Cw6 and DR7 were documented in the patient group, as well as a decreased frequency of DR1. The significance of these findings is discussed. DR7 occurred more often together with Cw6 in psoriasis patients than in controls, which might suggest that there are at least two interacting HLA linked genes which increase the disease susceptibility and possibly one DR1 linked gene associated with resistance to the disease.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed1981

HLA and rheumatoid arthritis. A study of five families.

Five families with two or more members ill with rheumatoid arthritis were investigated clinically. Tissue typing for HLA A, B, C and D/DR antigens was performed. We could not define may HLA haplotype associated with disease within these families. However, the prevalence of the haplotypes containing HLA-DR4 was high, suggesting a direct relationship between DR4 and increased risk of contracting rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1981

The influence of HLA-DR match on the outcome of cadaver renal transplantation in Stockholm during 1977-1980.

The influence of HLA-DR match grade on graft and on patient survival was analyzed in 124 recipients of cadaver kidneys who were treated in Stockholm between January 1977 and September 1980. The material consisted of 72 males and 52 females, with a mean age of 49 years. There were 34 re-transplantations. Eighteen of the recipients had diabetes. Sera against the HLA-DR antigens 1-4, 7 and DRw8 were available throughout. During recent years, DR5 sera were also used. The case material was analyzed as to the number of DR antigens shared or to the number of DR incompatibilities between the donor and the recipient. A significant improvement in graft survival rate was found for transplants sharing one HLA-DR antigen as compared with those sharing none. As far as incompatibilities are concerned, a significant difference was found between transplants with no incompatibilities and those with two. The HLA-A, B incompatibilities were evenly distributed throughout the various groups and thus should not have introduced a bias in the interpretation of the influence of HLA-DR match. We conclude that HLA-DR matching has a very beneficial effect on the graft survival rate and we shall in future try to obtain the best possible match when selecting recipients for cadaver kidney transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Follow-up of women with large-for-dates infants. Early insulin and C-peptide response to intravenous glucose, blood lipids and HLA-types.

In a previous study we determined the glucose disappearance rate (kt) in 129 newborn large-for-dates infants (LFD) born to mothers without known diabetes. Twenty-six infants (i.e. 20.6%) had elevated kt values similar to those in offspring of diabetic mothers. A follow-up study of 123 of these mothers was performed 7 years after delivery and included determination of early insulin and C-peptide response to intravenous glucose, plasma concentrations of 3-hydroxybutyrate, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins and HLA-typing. Two subjects had developed diabetes and altogether 14% had a kt below 1.0. Measures of the early insulin and C-peptide response to glucose were equally well correlated to maternal kt values (r = 0.40, P less than 0.001). Measures of the early insulin and C-peptide responses were significantly correlated (r = 0.64, P less than 0.001). The frequency distribution of HLA antigens were not different from normal and there was no association between HLA-B8 or B15 and impaired insulin response or glucose tolerance. Multiple regression and discriminate analysis of clinical and biochemical variables could not accurately identify women with high or low kt values. Multiple regression analysis using infant kt value as the dependent variable disclosed only a weak, but significant, inverse association to maternal insulin response to glucose at follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Lymphocyte transformation test in patients with nickel sensitivity: an aid to diagnosis.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 16 patients with a positive patch test to 2.5% nickel sulphate (NiSO4) and 18 healthy controls were tested by the lymphocyte transformation technique where NiSO4 in six different concentrations was used and tested after various days of culture. Lymphocytes from all except one of the patients showed a significantly greater response than that of the controls. Lymphocyte transformation as measured by increased DNA synthesis seems to be a valuable tool for investigating the problems arising from false-positive or false-negative patch tests. With these data we have defined certain criteria for in vitro reactivity that should be fulfilled. Lymphocytes from controls responded non-specifically to high concentrations of NiSO4. Cord blood lymphocytes from 4 newborn infants could also be activated by NiSO4, thus confirming the assumption that NiSO4 is a weak mitogen.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The influence of HLA-D matching on the outcome of intrafamilial kidney transplantation with special emphasis on the predictive value of the relative response in MLC.

One hundred and three recipients of kidney transplants from living related donors were analyzed for the influence of HLA-D matching on graft survival. Sixty-two donors were parents and 41 brothers or sisters. Twenty-two of the siblings were HLA-A, B identical. The degree of HLA-D compatibility was measured in a mixed lymphocyte culture reaction. Whereas nonresponsiveness was found with HLA-A, B identical sibling donors, the haploidentical donors were found to initiate varying degrees of stimulation. The stimulation was, calculated as the relative response (RR) to the donor in relation to an unrelated individual or to lymphocytes pooled from a number of individuals. It was found that RR values above 55% predicted a graft survival that was significantly inferior to the group with values less than 20% (p less than 0.01) and also to the group with RR values between 20% and 55% (p less than 0.05).

Actuarial Analysis↗