[Severe condylomatosis treated with CO2 laser].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
E Maganto Pavón
Publications and source records attributed to E Maganto Pavón.
[Infection for papillomavirus in the man. Current state].
The Virus of the Human Papiloma (HPV), classically he/she has been related with infections of sexual transmission and processes wicked oncologists of the feminine genital apparatus and with less frequency of the masculine one. The new technical diagnostics, based on molecular biology (by means of polymerase chain reaction), they help to a better epidemic approach, an improvement in the I diagnose viral, and a correct therapeutic focus. The object of this work is to revise the current state of the HPV from the points of view etiopathogenics, epidemic, clinical, diagnosis, therapeutic and preservative.
Clinical Trials as Topic↗
[On "The first 20 years of history of Actas Urológicas Españolas (1977-1996)"].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
History, 20th Century↗
[Metachronous solitary contralateral adrenal metastasis of primary renal carcinoma: report of a new case].
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of solitary metachronous contralateral metastasis of a renal carcinoma that had been previously resected. METHODS: A 63-year-old male that had previously undergone a right radical nephrectomy due to renal carcinoma is presented. The patient's left breast was found to be slightly larger at the control evaluation 24-months postoperatively. Analytical and hormonal studies showed no significant findings except for a serum creatinine value of 1.75 mg/dl. However, a CT scan showed a left adrenal nodule of 3 cm. After 6 months of watchful waiting, the nodule had increased to 4.3 cm. A CT-guided fine needle punction aspiration biopsy demonstrated a malignant lesion and a left adrenalectomy was performed. RESULTS: Histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen showed adrenal metastasis of clear cell renal carcinoma. At 21 months' follow-up after adrenalectomy, there is no evidence of recurrence of the metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: This type of lesion is uncommon. We emphasize the importance of the analytical and hormonal studies, as well as CT and FNPA, in the diagnosis of this adrenal pathology. Like other authors, we advocate performing adrenalectomy in these cases.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
[The double-J ureteral catheter: its historical development and current status].
OBJECTIVE: To review the history of the development of the double-J ureteral catheter, a device that is necessary in current urological practice. METHODS/RESULTS: A review of the literature shows that although there are references on the use of the ureteral catheter before 1967, the history of its development began in that year, when Zimskind and co-workers designed and used the first self-retaining catheter that was inserted cystoscopically. However, it was not until 1978 when the double-J shape was adopted following the design of Finney. CONCLUSIONS: A review of the history of bioimplants development in the field of Urology shows that catheter design and its biomaterials have developed in parallel, in an attempt to create a device that functions well and one that is also well-tolerated by the body in order to reduce the catheter-related complications.
History, 19th Century↗
[Hybrid tumor of the penis: is this denomination correct?].
OBJECTIVE: Few cases of verrucous carcinoma of the penis with foci of invasive squamous cell carcinoma have been reported and denominated "hybrid tumors". The accuracy of this term is discussed in this paper. METHODS/RESULTS: A huge penile mass in a patient that had undergone three previous operations for lesions diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma is reported. Partial penectomy was performed. Histological examination showed a very well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) did not detect any type of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Verrucous carcinoma is a strictly-defined lesion with a different biological behaviour from that of squamous carcinoma. Preoperative deep biopsy may miss the squamous cell carcinoma. Definitive diagnosis can only be achieved by histological examination of the surgical specimen. In future, DNA studies could possibly support preoperative diagnosis of this lesion.
Carcinoma, Verrucous↗
[1910-1911, a crucial biennium in the history of the Asociación Española de Urología (I). How our association was born].
Although the background and major details concerning the events that in 1911 culminated with the creation of the Spanish Association of Urology are well known as they have been published earlier in several papers, until now and as far as we know, no paper had presented the dates and particulars of the preparatory and constituent meetings of the Society, the first Regulations, and the semblance and biographies of the project's main inspirators and initiators. This article, prepared with abundant material from newspapers and literature of the period, extricated from the resources of the National Library and the archives of the Royal Academy of Medicine in Madrid, uncovers some unpublished data on the foundation and its advocates, and rediscovers other that although published in journals at the beginning of the century, remained forgotten or were unknown for most urologists. In this way, we complete the history of a part of our past, perhaps the most interesting one, and that of its main players.
Constitution and Bylaws↗
[Verrucous carcinoma of the penis. A report of 6 new cases and a review of the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].
Verrucous carcinoma of the penis accounts for 5-17.8% of total carcinomas in the referred location that are diagnosed in our environment. Six cases of this rare neoplasia have been treated in our service and revised retrospectively. The epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of our series are analyzed and the issues around them discussed. Eventually, the benign biological behaviour of this tumour warranting conservative surgical treatment is ratified. In selected cases where the therapeutic modalities used do not yield material for histopathological analysis (laser, cryotherapy, etc.) prior obtention of a deep biopsy of the lesion to identify the likely presence of a well differentiated epidermoid carcinoma is imperative. Also, every effort should be made to monitor the cases of associated premalignant conditions.
Aged↗
[Partial cystectomy as treatment of infiltrating transitional carcinoma of the bladder].
UNLABELLED: The most widespread opinion, and until recently the only option, is that every vesical transitional cancer invading the muscle is, regardless its extent, candidate for radical cystectomy and that in spite of nobody questioning the advantages of partial cystectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 45 patients with vesical infiltrant cancer T2 or higher, followed between 9 and 258 months and managed with partial cystectomy, were analyzed. Only patients with no radiotherapy were included and only in one patient pre-operative chemotherapy was used. RESULTS: In 8 patients no tumour was found in the specimen (pTO). Tumour grade was pTa in 2; pT1 in 11; pT2 in 5; pT3a in 4; pT3b in 11; and pX in 4 patients. Eight (8) patients had nodal involvement. Twenty-one (21) cases showed bladder relapse. In six (6), vesical infiltrant relapse was associated to metastasis. One case showed vesical relapse, pelvic mass and metastasis, and 4 only metastasis. Extravesical disease-free time and survival are better than in the group treated with radical cystectomy. But this is a highly selected group. CONCLUSIONS: With the same prospects of extravesical disease-free time and survival we offer: shorter, less risky surgery with low post-surgical morbidity and mortality and less hospitalization and proportion of late sequela. Better quality of life, with no skin stoma, incontinence or impotence Although the risk of vesical relapse persists, the procedures required to resolve vesical shunt or replacement complications are more aggressive than TUR sufficient to treat most relapses, and when recurrence is infiltrant radical cystectomy may be used as a rescue measure. This is so even now with the profusion of the so-called "mini-invasive" procedures. We believe that neither radio- and/or chemotherapy combinations contribute nothing to partial cystectomy alone. They may even be harmful and have significant side-effects. It is plain that POs are the result of total removal by TUR. Due to the little reliability when defining T, it is very hard to evaluate the contribution of adjuvant measures. Patients with no vesical tumour (pTOs) or pT1-pT2 tumours, and even up to pT3a, should not be included in protocols to evaluate the efficacy of combined cytostatic agents since their use is superfluous. Radiotherapy makes no contribution to this type of tumour in terms of local relapse and apparently has no effect on the metastasis.
Adult↗
[The double-J ureteral catheter. Clinical indications].
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical indications of double-J ureteral catheters. METHODS: The most relevant studies published in the literature since the self-retained indwelling catheter was first described in 1967 are reviewed. RESULTS: The experience and results reported in the most relevant studies are presented. CONCLUSIONS: The double J ureteral catheter is essential in urological practice. Although its clinical indications are well-established, its use depends on the urologist's experience in most of the cases.
Catheters, Indwelling↗
[Analysis of 34 cases of infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder treated exclusively with partial cystectomy (part 1)].
OBJECTIVES: The widely accepted and, until recently, the only alternative in muscle-infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, whatever the extent of muscle infiltration, has been radical cystectomy, although the advantages of partial cystectomy has not been questioned. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 34 patients with infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder stage T2 or higher and a follow-up ranging from 3 to 194 months, who underwent partial cystectomy. The patient received no radiotherapy and only one patient was treated with preoperative chemotherapy. RESULTS: The surgical specimen was tumor free (pTO) in 7 patients, pT1 in 7 pts, pT2 in 4 pts, pT3 in 4, pT3b in 8 and Px in 4. Six patients showed lymph node involvement. Eleven patients had bladder recurrence; 3 had bladder recurrence and metastasis; 1 had bladder recurrence, a pelvic mass and metastasis and 2 had metastasis alone. We performed radical cystectomy in 2 cases; one for a prostatic cancer and the other for an upper urothelial tumor in a solitary kidney. Both bladders were tumor free. The extravesical disease free interval and survival were better that those of patients submitted to radical cystectomy, although this was a highly selected group. CONCLUSIONS: With the same possibilities relative to the extravesical disease free interval and survival, this approach requires a shorter operating time, carries less risk, low postoperative morbidity and mortality, requires less hospitalizations, and has less late sequelae. It affords a better quality of life, with no cutaneous stoma, incontinence or impotence. The risk of bladder recurrence persists, although the procedures required to resolve the complications of bladder diversion or substitution are more aggressive than TUR, which is sufficient for most of the recurrences, and if the recurrence is an infiltrating tumor, one can always recur to radical cystectomy. This is the current situation, even in the era of the so-called "minimally invasive techniques". We believe that in this group of patients combination preoperative radio- and chemotherapy would have contributed little to the partial cystectomy. In our series, it is evident that the pT0 is the result of complete resection by TUR. The differences in tumor definition make it very difficult to evaluate the benefits of the neoadjuvant measures. Patients with no bladder tumor (pT0) or pT1-pT2, and even pT3a tumors, should not be included in protocols for evaluating the efficacy of combination cystostatic therapy; many of them can be overtreated. Preoperative radiotherapy adds nothing with respect to local recurrence of this tumor type and it evidently has no effect on metastasis. We should not forget that the cytostatic agents currently utilized in combination therapy have severe side effects and are therefore only indicated in patients at higher risk of distant dissemination at diagnosis. Some studies, however, have indicated that the cytostatics may have some negative tumoral effect.
Adult↗
[Insulin growth factor I (IGF-I) in normal, hyperplastic, and tumor prostatic tissue].
Current treatment for disseminated prostate cancer, whether progressive or hormone-resistant, do not improve survival. Insulin growth factors (IGFs) are potent stimulants of prostate epithelial cells growth, their presence having been demonstrated in high quantities in several tumours such as lung, hepatoma, pheochromocytoma, malignant glioma and breast cancer. Local management of growth factors production could improve the results of second line therapy in hormone-resistant prostate cancer. Levels of IGF-I were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in normal (n = 5), hyperplastic (n = 5) and tumoral (n = 8) prostate tissue. Presence of IGF-I is confirmed in all tissues (9.62 +/- 5.81; 8.32 +/- 7.81 and 6.02 +/- 1.42 ng/mg protein, respectively) but no significant differences are displayed among the three groups.
Adult↗
[The urologic work of Doctor Alejandro Settier (1858-1915). (I). Spanish urology during the second half of the 19th century].
Until, at the beginning of our Century, the Spanish Urology finally achieved the acknowledgement that it was due to it as a specialty different from General Surgery, surgical practice of urinary tract disorders remained, all through the 19th Century, in the hands of general surgeons. As from the last quarter of the century, however, a clear trend can be glimpsed in some professionals in Spain towards specialization in this branch of surgery. Albeit the influence of the French School and French publications on the first specialists is manifest, since most of them were training in Paris, it is obvious that the genesis and progress of specialization on genitourinary organs disorders, as well as other areas, in Spain would have not been possible without the concourse and political support received from relevant personalities such as Dr. Federico Rubio y Gali and Dr. Angel Pulido Fernández, both with partial dedication to the urinary tract and to whom the Spanish Association of Urology still owns further recognition for the role they played in the promotion of these earlier specialists and the establishment of centres and hospital services where their work could be carried out. Since, during the final third of last century, the number of Spanish publications, journals and monographs devoted to urological topics, a extensive revision of which is covered in this paper, is increasingly profuse, the boom of the specialty in genitourinary tract disorders will determine its ultimate consolidation at the beginning of the 20th Century.
History, 18th Century↗
[The urologic work of Doctor Alejandro Settier (1858-1915). (II). The consolidation of the urology specialty in Spain].
By the end of the 19th Century, and after the creation in 1896 of the French Society of Urology, the specialty on genitourinary organs disorders began to take shape in Spain, and its particular idiosyncrasy, recognized both within the hospital and private practices, becomes irreversible. Aside political support, certain writings published astride the last century and this one, will prove to be decisive to consolidate the urological specialty in our country. Such is the case with those written by Rafael Mollá y Rodrigo and Angel Pulido Martin, where the creation of the new discipline is postulated and defended, linking the related pathologies, outlining their competence and assembling the surgical procedures to be followed in order to resolve them. The Academies of Medicine and Surgery, in Madrid, also played a significant role in this task of promotion and diffusion of these specialties, in particular Urology; it is quite likely that the seed of new vocations would have germinated during their institutional meetings. At any rate, it is easy to demonstrate documentally how, since mid 19th Century, the nation's capital was witness of the attention given to the urinary tract which began to occupy a preferential position in the work of the most renowned general surgeons from the School of Madrid, such as Diego de Argumosa, Alejandro San Martin, Federico Rubio y Gali and Jesus Creus y Mansó.
History, 19th Century↗
[The urologic work of Doctor Alejandro Settier (1858-1915). (III). The consolidation of the urology specialty in Spain].
As years go by during the last quarter of the 19th Century, the number of Spanish specialists devoted to the "urinary tract" or to the "disorders of the genitourinary organs" increased gradually. The first generation of specialists (Martra, Suender and Rodríguez Viforcos, among others) are mainly professionals who studied in Paris or other European clinics and who preferentially use the techniques of transurethral surgery: lithotrity and litholapaxy, catheterism, dilations, uretrotomy, etc. as well as minor operations on the genitalia, occasionally performing some major procedures such as perineal dissection. Many of them also become experts in Dermatology and Syphiliography. Until progress of anaesthetics and surgical techniques in the last decade of the century, do not allow to conduct more risked procedures, urology surgery of greater substance will continue in the hands of general surgeons who retain a certain degree of specialization in the urinary tract. Only after the arrival to Spain of the second generation of specialists (Azcarreta, Lluria y Despau, Suarez de Mendoza, Mollá y Rodrigo, etc.), equipped with greater preparation and more advanced surgical training, the Spanish Urology will accomplish the desired position required for its ultimate segregation from General Surgery.
History, 19th Century↗
[The urologic work of Doctor Alejandro Settier (1858-1915).(IV). Specialist Alejandro Settier].
In spite of the names and works of practically all the early 19th Century Spanish specialists in urinary tract being widely known, there are still in my opinion several names and writings, either forgotten or misplaced in newspaper libraries, archives and general libraries, awaiting to be discovered. The second half of the 19th Century was a prolific age in every aspect of Spanish life, most particularly literature. In Medicine, apart from the well known professional writings, the number of scientific journals and publications, whether in the form of brochures or divulgative articles, that came to light was countless. Computer management of collections currently under implementation in many registers, will allow their location and the finding of new texts. One of these long forgotten pioneers, is Doctor Alejandro Settier (1858-1915), a Valencian practitioner who describes himself as a "disciple of the Paris hospitals and specialist in genitourinary tract disorders", who practised in Madrid between 1883 and 1890. Surprisingly, and in spite of him being the most prolific author in urological issues during the last century (my investigations show he is the author of 2 books, 3 brochures and 40 articles in journals), neither his name nor his work, as far as we know, are mentioned by none of the historians consulted, which is nothing but highly surprising if we also take into consideration that Alejandro Settier was the founder of the first Spanish monographic journal for urinary disorders: "Gaceta de enfermedades de los órganos génito-urinarios" (Gazette of genitourinary organs disorders), Madrid 1887, which in spite of its short existence, can be considered as the first scientific periodical publication in our specialty.
History, 19th Century↗
[The urologic work of Doctor Alejandro Settier (1858-1915). (V). Specialist Alejandro Settier].
The urological work of Alejandro Settier (1858-1915), written between 1883 and 1890, surpasses both in quantity and quality that of all his Spanish contemporaries and colleagues. At a time when most works written by the first generation of specialist in genitourinary tract diseases in our country focused on lithotrity, litholapaxy, dissections, urethral stenosis, or minor surgery, the Settier's works comprise, apart from the common topics, such new issues as tumours of the bladder, treatment with electric currents of urine incontinence, local anaesthetics in urological surgery, or specific infections of the genitourinary tract. Although some of the more than 40 articles of Settier appeared in the most prestigious Spanish journals: "El Siglo Médico", "La Medicina Práctica", "Gaceta de enfermedades de los órganos génito-urinarios", etc. (revised in this paper), can be considered educational works, the precociousness and scientific value of the majority, endorsed by his experience, personal case records and acknowledgment by his contemporaries, grants the greatest interest over time for the written work of this urologist.
History, 19th Century↗
[Synchronous multiple renal carcinoma. Review of the literature and report of a new case].
OBJECTIVES: Herein we describe an additional case of bilateral multiple renal cell carcinoma, a rare condition outside the context of phacomatosis. METHODS/RESULTS: A 57-year-old man presented with asymptomatic hematuria. He had no other remarkable medical or urological history. Radiological evaluation disclosed multiple tumors in both kidneys that required bilateral nephrectomy. CONCLUSION: Multiple syncronous renal cell carcinoma has been described in Von Hippel Lindau disease or the polycystic conditions of chronic renal failure. A few cases have been reported in patients who did not have the foregoing conditions or were asymptomatic as the case described herein, who required bilateral nephrectomy.
Adenocarcinoma↗