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Biomedical subjects

E Marx

Publications and source records attributed to E Marx.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Knowledge, confidence, and attitudes regarding medical ethics: how do faculty and housestaff compare?

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that faculty members' inadequate knowledge of and unfavorable attitudes toward ethics may present barriers to effective education in ethics for house officers. METHOD: To test this hypothesis, the authors administered a questionnaire assessing the knowledge, confidence, and attitudes regarding ethics of the 73 house officers and 73 full-time faculty members in the Department of Medicine at the Georgetown University Medical Center in 1992-93. Statistical analysis of the responses was performed using chi-square, two-tailed t-tests, and linear regression. RESULTS: Fifty-five house officers (75%) and 57 faculty (78%) responded. The knowledge scores were similarly low for both groups (53% correct for the faculty and 50% for the house officers). However, the faculty were significantly more confident than the house officers regarding ability to address ethical issues (mean ratings of 3.9 vs 3.4 on a scale from 1, very low, to 5, very high; p = .0001). Seventy-five percent of the faculty and 65% of the house officers believed that ethics training should be mandatory during residency. CONCLUSION: The attitudes of the faculty per se do not appear to represent a barrier to teaching ethics. However, the gap between the faculty members' confidence and knowledge could interfere with their abilities to model and teach ethics to house officers.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1991

Enhanced proliferation of coronary endothelial cells in response to growth factors is synergized by hemodialysate compounds in vitro.

Using capillary endothelial cells from the coronary system of guinea pig heart, we have devised an in vitro assay suitable for measuring proliferative and growth-promoting effects mediated by drugs and growth factors. In this assay, hemodialysate and fractions isolated from it--consisting exclusively of low-molecular-weight compounds from calf blood--stimulate the proliferation of coronary endothelial cells. This effect is not a trivial nutritive one. Furthermore, in respect to the stimulation of proliferation, hemodialysate synergizes with epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and endothelial cell growth factor, but not with insulin, which shows no proliferative effect in our system. From data obtained by analysis of hemodialysate fractions, it is deduced that the active compounds are strongly negatively charged oligosaccharides with a molecular weight of apparently 3000 Dalton. The synergistic effect of hemodialysate compounds on proliferation of endothelial cells as well as their previously demonstrated insulin-like activity is believed to explain the therapeutic efficacy of hemodialysate in cases of impaired wound healing and occlusive diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Lactate-induced inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.

Culture medium that was recovered from tumor cell or fibroblast cultures during the plateau phase, and that was replenished by addition of glucose, glutamine, and serum and readjustment of pH had a distinct growth-inhibiting effect on monolayer cell cultures. The effect, which was not specific for a given cell strain, may be partially responsible for the "density inhibition" commonly observed in malignant cells grown in monolayer cultures. By modifying fresh growth media, it was shown that the growth inhibition observed can be partly attributed to the accumulation of lactate in the culture medium of plateau phase cells. This substance reduced the plating efficiency and the number of cells per petri dish in the plateau phase. It is concluded that this effect may be used for inducing growth inhibition in tumors in vivo by manipulating the cellular production of lactate and/or by impeding its removal from the cellular microenvironment.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of surgical infections with a modern quinolone: therapy of soft tissue infections and pneumonia with ofloxacin.

A randomized, open, prospective study including 45 patients with either soft tissue infections (29 cases) or pneumonia (15 cases) after surgical intervention and one case having both indications was carried out with ofloxacin. The standard dose was 200 mg ofloxacin b. i. d. In most cases, clinical symptoms, such as fever, rubor, swelling and pain in soft tissue infections, as well as fever, dyspnoea, physical and radiological signs for pneumonia, subsided within two to seven days. Laboratory data (blood analyses, liver enzymes) remained in the normal range. The overall tolerability was good. Bacteriological controls have proven that ofloxacin is able to eradicate a broad range of pathogens, including persister pathogens and also certain bacteria like Clostridium perfringens and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. In our study, Streptococcus faecalis was of intermediate sensitivity in one case and resistant in another. Ofloxacin has proven to be effective in soft tissue infections and pneumonia after surgical intervention.

Adult↗