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Biomedical subjects

E Mason

Publications and source records attributed to E Mason.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Alternative management of choledocholithiasis.

This paper is presented to clarify the role of ERCP in conjunction with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. As the field of surgery moves more toward less invasive procedures, our management schemata may also need revision. With the popularity of laparoscopic cholecystectomy came a large increase in the number of patients treated with cholelithiasis, and therefore an increase in patients with choledocholithiasis. The authors believe that treatment options exist to avoid open common bile duct procedure in most cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Clinically severe obesity--a review.

Gastrointestinal surgery is indicated for some severely obese patients. These two experts discuss guidelines for evaluating potential candidates.

Body Mass Index↗
PubMed1991

Survival and place of treatment after premature delivery.

In a one year prospective study in the Trent region we examined the short term outcome (survival to discharge) of all infants who required admission to a baby care unit. Infants of less than or equal to 28 weeks' gestation who received all their perinatal care in one of five large centres (each providing more than 600 ventilator days/year) showed significantly better survival rates than infants electively treated throughout their entire course at one of the 12 smaller units (34 survivors from 65 infants (52%) compared with eight survivors from 37 infants (22%). These differences occurred despite the elective transfer of many of the sickest infants from the smaller units to the larger. Differences in survival between more mature infants were not significant. These results support the policy that there should be a more centralised neonatal service for those infants at or below 28 weeks' gestation.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1991

Medical causes of abnormal vaginal bleeding.

Abnormal vaginal bleeding, not easily explained by the presence of a gynecologic lesion, infection, or hormonal abnormality, may be caused by systemic medical disease. Evaluation of the clotting system, both platelets and clotting factors, should be done to rule out hematologic disorders that can cause blood loss. Additionally, a detailed history, directed physical examination, and carefully chosen laboratory studies can establish the presence of endocrine disease, renal insufficiency, hepatic abnormalities, and vasculitis. Specific questions about diet and drug use may uncover nutritional deficiencies or adverse drug reactions that produce or contribute to abnormal vaginal blood loss. Evaluations for medical causes of vaginal bleeding may require subspecialty consultation to facilitate timely diagnosis.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1990

Attitudes to viability of preterm infants and their effect on figures for perinatal mortality.

OBJECTIVE: To examine how local attitudes to management of extreme preterm labour can influence data on perinatal mortality. DESIGN: One year prospective study in a geographically defined population. SETTING: The 17 perinatal units of Trent region. PATIENTS: All preterm infants of less than or equal to 32 weeks' gestation in the Trent region. INTERVENTIONS: Infants who had been considered viable at birth were referred for intensive care; those who had been considered non-viable received terminal care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Whether each infant was born alive, dead, or alive but considered non-viable. RESULTS: Large differences were observed among units in the rates of delivery of infants of less than or equal to 27 weeks' gestation (rates varied from 7.2 to 0 per 1000 births). These differences were not present in the data relating to infants of between 28 and 32 weeks' gestation. The variation seemed to result from different approaches to the management of extreme preterm labour--that is, whether management took place in a labour ward or a gynaecology ward. CONCLUSIONS: Place of delivery of premature babies (less than or equal to 27 weeks' gestation) may influence classification and hence figures for perinatal mortality. In addition, the fact that the onus of judgment regarding viability and classification is often placed on relatively junior staff might also affect the figures for perinatal mortality. The introduction of a standard recording system for all infants greater than 500 g would be advantageous.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1989

The demand for neonatal intensive care.

In a one year prospective study within the Trent Regional Health Authority the demand for neonatal intensive care was estimated to be 1.1 cots per 1000 births. Intensive care level 1 (as defined by the British Paediatric Association and British Association for Perinatal Paediatrics) was determined by two separate techniques, which showed close agreement. Intensive care level 2 could not be measured directly, as the definition was too subjective. This aspect of demand was therefore estimated by using data derived from the treatment of babies transferred for intensive care. These findings represent a minimum estimate of need, as the data were obtained from a service constrained by having facilities well below the estimated level (roughly 60% of estimated demand). In the future other factors such as increased survival of extremely preterm infants will be likely to increase demand still further.

Bed Occupancy↗
PubMed1988

Is perinatal mortality still a good indicator of perinatal care?

The increasing influence of very immature infants on perinatal mortality rates (PMR) led us to question the usefulness of this parameter in assessing perinatal care. To examine this further we have compared the incidence of perinatal asphyxia amongst mature babies (greater than or equal to 35 weeks gestation) for two geographically-defined populations of over 500,000 people. Both areas have a teaching hospital-based maternity service and comparable perinatal mortality rates. The incidence of severe post-asphyxial encephalopathy showed a marked excess in one population (1.93 vs 0.61 per 1000 births), which was not obviously explicable. Taken in conjunction with the figures for stillbirth in labour, this represented a 2.8 times greater risk for either fetal death in labour or severe asphyxial insult. It would appear that perinatal mortality rates do not accurately reflect important differences in those perinatal outcomes most likely to be affected by perinatal care.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1981

Appetitive behavior after gastric bypass for obesity.

Eating behavior patterns were studied in 80 gastric bypass patients at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Significant reduction occurred in the amount of food eaten and in the frequency of eating. An unexpected result was the selective reduction of food eaten in certain food categories. The reduction of calorically-dense high carbohydrate foods indicates that gastric bypass surgery may have an effect on the digestion and absorption of food as well as the mechanical impairment of food intake secondary to the small stomach pouch.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Psychiatric diagnosis of morbidly obese gastric bypass patients.

Eighty morbidly obese patients who had had gastric bypass operations were interviewed for psychiatric diagnoses using DSM-III criteria. The lifetime prevalence of Axis I clinical psychiatric diagnoses was 47.5%, with depressive disorders occurring in 28.7% of the total sample. No other diagnosis exceeded a 2.5% prevalence. The authors believe there is no evidence of an increased prevalence of major psychiatric disorder in obese persons when strictly defined diagnostic criteria are used.

Adolescent↗