Biomedical subjects

E Mempel

Publications and source records attributed to E Mempel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

[Brain mapping in atonic epileptic attacks with consciousness disorders at school age].

The paper presents the results of the analysis of atonic epileptic seizures with application of brain mapping eeg. The views to date on the pathogenesis of atonic seizures could be based on the assumptions of centrencephalic epilepsy voiced by Penfield and Jasper. The present investigations and electrophysiological-clinical observations support, however, contrary to the concept of Penfield and Jasper, the cortical origin of these seizures. The discussion on the clinical forms of atonic seizures in epilepsy, confirmed by analysis of brain mapping in the domain of frequencies and amplitude distribution, in the form of brain topograms, allows for the concept of cortical origin of these seizures with the probability of localisation of the epileptic focus, as in here presented case, in the anterior right paramedial frontal region of the brain.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Brain mapping in Parkinson disease treated by cryothalamotomy].

Brain mapping of the cerebral bioelectric activity was done by the BEAM method in 20 patients with Parkinson's disease treated by cryothalamotomy. Conventional egg examinations demonstrating relatively small changes of the type of local asymmetry of frequencies and/or amplitudes, sporadic focal changes, and sporadic generalized and disseminated generalized changes were analysed in a computer system in the domain of frequency and time. Brain mapping demonstrated very distinctly the asymmetry in the frequency bands alpha and beta. On the operated side a regular alpha rhythm of lower frequency but higher amplitude dominated in the brain hemisphere. On the intact side a quick beta rhythm prevailed and an irregular alpha rhythm was noticeable. This phenomenon described by analysis in the domain of frequency confirms the unilateral synchronizing influence of thalamotomy on the bioelectric activity of the operated brain hemisphere and may correlate with the functional motor improvement noted in the operated subjects. In three cases with a longer course of the disease analysis in the frequency domain demonstrated the presence of generalized diffused slow waves in both frontal regions. These changes correlated with mental insufficiency of the examined patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Parkinson's syndrome induced in cats by the use of 6-hydroxydopamine. Observations of behavior and motor disorders.

The possibility of inducing Parkinson's syndrome in cats was investigated in three kinds of lesions: by microinjection of 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) into the pars compacta of substantia nigra (SNC), bilateral injection into the SNC and globus pallidus (GP) and into the SNC and caput nuclei caudati (NC). In all three kinds of lesions of the dopaminergic system disturbances of behavior involving specially the motor system were obtained, corresponding to the parkinsonism syndrome--in the form of bradykinesia-akinesia, increased muscle tonus of plastic type, vegetative disorders (sialorrhea, pupils) and psychic disorders such as lack of interest in the surroundings and food. The character of the enhanced muscle tonus typical for extrapyramidal disturbances was confirmed by EMG examination. The parkinsonism-like syndrome induced in the cats was transient and receded after several weeks.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

The effect of medial amygdalotomy and anterior hippocampotomy on behavior and seizures in epileptic patients.

In 70 patients with epilepsy and severe behavioural disturbances with EEG changes in the temporal regions, we performed EEG investigations of deep temporal structures, temporal cortex and scalp, using Talairach's stereotactic apparatus. Taking into account the recorded changes we performed 115 stereotactic lesions on the medial amygdala (both unilaterally and bilaterally) and on the anterior hippocampus (cornu Ammonis). The results in epileptic processes were: total recovery in 11.4%, evident clinical improvement in 74.3% and no improvement in 14.3%. Similar results were obtained in behavioural disturbances. Bilateral amygdalotomy and unilateral hippocampotomy in selected cases may produce recovery or amelioration and make possible return to normal social life for epileptic patients with severe behavioural changes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Memory and learning in epileptic patients treated by amygdalotomy and anterior hippocampotomy.

The memory and learning capacity in patients treated for temporal epilepsy was studied. The study was performed in 55 patients, observed before and after stereotaxic amygdalotomy and hippocampotomy. Very often disturbances in memory and learning capability were present before surgery. After surgery their learning efficiency increased. Disturbances in memory tracing, as provoked by distraction, remained at the same level after neurosurgery. No decrease in general intelligence was noted.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

[Use of haemodilution in the treatment of cranio-cerebral injuries (author's transl)].

By decreasing blood viscosity and vascular resistance normovolemic haemodilution increases cerebral blood flow and improves microcirculation. This eliminates the symptoms of anoxia of cerebral tissue. The extent of disturbances of the blood brain barrier is decreased. The case presented in this paper illustrates the use of the above-mentioned properties of haemodilution and concerns a patient with chronic subdural haematoma. The patient's status in the pre-operative period was very poor. Craniotomy and avacuation of the haematoma did not result in a visible improvement of the patient's state. He did not regain consciousness and even lost spontaneous respiratory function. Haemodilution /Hct 29%/ was performed using Dextran 60 and 5% human albumin in the proportions 1 : 1. As a result, spontaneous respiration was restored and there was a gradual improvement in the patient's status. 29 days later it was possible to communicate with the patient. The authors are of the opinion that haemodilution could find a much application in neurosurgery than has been the case up to now.

Brain↗

PubMed1978

[Method of objective recording of motor disorders and assessment of improvement in the treatment of dyskinesias].

A method of objective evaluation of dyskinesias before surgical treatment and improvement obtained after stereotaxic surgery, is described. The method is based on the principle of recording photographically the movements of an extremity with a light source attached to it. Four sets for recording motor activity disturbances and improvement achieved after operation are presented. The method can be applied for evaluating the effects of conservative pharmacological treatment as well as for assessing the effects of exercises during rehabilitation treatment. The method which allows objective recording of motoro disturbances to be recorded can be used generally in view of its simplicity.

Extremities↗

PubMed1978

[Effect of right-sided hippocampotomy on memory and learning ability].

The authors report the results of memory and learning ability investigations in a patient treated with hippocampotomy (uncotomy) for severe epileptic seizures. In the seeg investigations the changes were most pronounced in the hippocampus. In psychological investigations before the operation deep disturbances of verbal memory with unchanged (normal) level of mental efficiency were found. After stereotaxic treatment epileptic seizures disappeared completely, the patient completed a vocational school and started working. Follow up examinations during 6 years after the operation failed to demonstrate any decrease in mental efficiency. The impairment of verbal memory and learning ability was decreased significantly.

Child↗

PubMed1976