PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Minker

Publications and source records attributed to E Minker.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Dextran anaphylactoid reaction in Sprague-Dawley CFY rats.

From a closed colony of randomly-bred Sprague-Dawley CFY rats about 23% failed to respond to intravenous dextran with the characteristic generalized anaphylactoid reaction, but still exhibited an inflammatory response when dextran was given into the foot pad. Brother-sister mating of rats showing the most expressed generalized reaction (reactor rats) yielded good responder offsprings, while the non-reactors had descendants completely unresponsive to systemic dextran. Brother-sister mating of selected non-reactor rats led to a gradual decrease in dextran paw oedema in the subsequent generations, and after the third mating, a complete local non-reactivity developed. In these rats the intradermal injection of dextran failed to increase vascular permeability, while the inflammatory response evoked by histamine, 5-HT, bradykinin, and compound 48/80 remained unchanged as compared to that of the reactor animals. These result show that the anaphylactoid reaction in Sprague-Dawley CFY rats is under genetic control.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1979

Some characteristics of the insulin-induced potentiation to anaphylactoid reaction in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The insulin-induced sensitization to generalized and local anaphylactoid reaction evoked by dextran was studied in Sprague-Dawley CFY rats. The generalized reaction was shown to be potentiated by insulin given subcutaneously in a dose-related manner. The minimum effective dose was as low as 0.04 U/kg. When this dose was injected intravenously, a marked but short-lived potentiation was observed. The insulin response could be elicited throughout the whole year. The local oedema induced by subplantar injection of dextran was found to be much less sensitive to insulin. Potentiation was observed during the period from March to October, while in the intermediate months, no such effect could be seen. The seasonal refractory state to insulin was abolished by bilateral adrenalectomy, and daily pretreatment of the rats with insulin for several days. Actinomycin D prevented the restorative effect of insulin pretreatment. Sensitization by a single insulin dose to both systemic and local dextran was suppressed in rats older than 6 months, and the refractoriness was in part reversed by adrenalectomy.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1978

Contribution to the regulatory role of insulin in inflammation and anaphylaxis.

Insulin, in doses which did not influence the blood sugar level, potentiated the anaphylactic shock in ovalbumin-sensitized CFLP mice and moderately inhibited the carrageenan-induced paw edema. Higher doses were found to produce a dose-dependent inhibition of the inflammatory process at the 2nd hour, and caused less suppression at the 4th hour of the swelling. These results suggest that insulin may play a complex regulatory role in hypersensitivity and inflammatory reactions, and its effect is not necessarily related to hypoglycemia.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1978

Diabetes-induced alterations of autonomic nerve function in the cat.

The susceptibility to competitive ganglionic blocking agents such as hexamethonium (C6), tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB), mecamylamine and d-tubocurarine (d-TC), of the superior cervical ganglion in cats with pancreatectomy and spontaneous diabetes or in animals treated with contrainsular drugs such as cortisone or dihydrochlorothiazide, was found to be decreased as compared to the reactivity of normal controls. The increased tolerance to ganglioplegics was not correlated with the elevation of the blood sugar level, and proved to be resistant to an acute administration of insulin. The results could not be explained by a decrease in the specific cholinesterase activity of the ganglionic tissue due to diabetes. Alteration of the peripheral autonomic synaptic transmission may be an early sign of diabetic neuropathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Inhibitory effect on gastric motility of chloroquine and mepacrine.

Measured on isolated rat-stomach fundus strips, the isolated cervical sympathetic trunk, and on the superior cervical ganglion, chloroquine and mepacrine have parasympatholytic, spasmolytic, ganglionic blocking and local anaesthetic effects. On rising the doses these manifest themselves in a given sequence. On the basis of this fact it is concluded that the inhibition of gastric motility by chloroquine and mepacrine in the rat, is based on the parasympatholytic property of the drugs in question.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Analysis of the effect of adrenergic agonists on longitudinal and circular smooth muscle of the terminal ileum of the guinea pig.

On the isolated longitudinal smooth muscle of the guinea pig's terminal ileum, in the presence of naphazoline, synephrine, pholedrine and ephedrine showing no adrenergic agonist activity, the dose-response curves of adrenaline and noradrenaline was found to be shifted to the right. Metanephrine, normetanephrine, and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylamine exhibited no alpha adrenergic agonist activity. On the circular smooth muscle of the terminal ileum the alpha adrenergic agonists studied elicited the same responses as on the longitudinal smooth muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Changes of electro-shock seizure threshold in alloxan diabetic rats.

During a 4-week period, the electroshock seizure threshold (EST) of R Amsterdam rats was determined. When alloxan induced diabetes, the EST values significantly decreased, while in the alloxan-treated non-diabetic group they remained unchanged. The results suggest that diabetes induces increased excitability in the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Anaphylactoid-inflammation-promoting factor. An insulin-induced factor derived from non-sensitized lymphocytes increases anaphylactoid inflammation in rats.

The experiments reported here indicate that, when exposed to insulin, viable lymphocytes rapidly released into the incubation medium a factor capable of increasing the dextran-induced anaphylactoid reaction, but having no effect on the inflammatory response evoked by 5-HT. This pro-inflammatory factor was shown to be elaborated by cell suspensions derived from lymph nodes of rats, rabbits, pigs or calves as well as from human tonsils. Thymus cells showed no such activity. The pro-inflammatory factor was termed as anaphylactoid-inflammation-promoting factor (AIPF). Its production depended upon the dose of insulin, and the time of exposure. AIPF was found to have an elution pattern in Sephadex G-100 gels similar to that of BSA (67,000 daltons). The activity was abolished by heat or incubation with DNase or a-chymotrypsin, but was not influenced by RNase. AIPF by itself did not induce increased vascular permeability, and proved to be distinct from the permeability factors present in the lysate of lymph node cells.

Adrenalectomy↗