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Biomedical subjects

E Miranda

Publications and source records attributed to E Miranda.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Detection of Giardia lamblia antigen in children living in a Peruvian periurban shantytown (Pueblo Joven).

Stool microscopy and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Giardia lamblia antigen detection were compared for detecting G. lamblia in 30 Peruvian infants. Of 1,131 fecal specimens, G. lamblia was detected by ELISA alone in 44, by microscopy alone in 17, and by both methods in 91. In another group of 17 children negative for G. lamblia by stool microscopy, 6 had G. lamblia detected by ELISA or duodenal aspiration: 2 only by ELISA, 1 only by duodenal aspirate examination, and 3 by both examinations. The ELISA is useful for the detection of G. lamblia in fecal specimens but compared to stool microscopy does not significantly increase the detection of cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Fecal contamination of shanty town toddlers in households with non-corralled poultry, Lima, Peru.

We used direct observer techniques to measure the frequency with which toddler-aged children were contaminated by poultry feces in homes in a peri-urban shanty town in Lima, Peru. The mean number of fowl was 5.4 (SD 3.1), with 10.0 (SD 10.7) poultry defecations per 12 hours. Toddlers' hand contact with poultry feces occurred a mean of 2.9 (SD 3.0) times/12 hours. A mean of 3.9 (SD 4.6) feces-to-mouth episodes per household/12 hours occurred both by direct hand-to-mouth contamination and indirectly by handling soiled objects which were then placed in the mouth. There was a strong correlation between feces-to-hand contamination and feces-to-mouth contamination (r = 0.94). There was also an association between feces-to-mouth contamination and the number of stools deposited in the house (r = 0.66). For each additional chicken stool deposited during the day, there was an average increase of 0.27 in feces-to-mouth episodes. We collected feces from 68 infected chickens and found viable Campylobacter jejuni for up to 48 hours after deposition. Yet, a survey of 108 families demonstrated that free-roaming poultry were often not thought of as a health risk for children. An intervention program to reduce oral-fecal contamination should emphasize that all poultry be corralled and not allowed access into the house.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence and comparison of serologic assays, necropsy, and tongue examination for the diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis in Peru.

Swine cysticercosis, a severe zoonotic disease which is part of the Taenia solium life cycle, causes major economic losses in pig husbandry. Throughout South America, farmers diagnose cysticercosis by examining the tongues of their pigs for cysticercus nodules. Farmers do not bring pigs believed to be infected to the slaughterhouse for fear of confiscation. Therefore, reliable statistics on porcine cysticercosis can only be acquired at the household level. We examined the utility of the tongue test as a diagnostic tool for porcine cysticercosis. The results of the tongue test was compared with 2 serologic methods for the detection of cysticercosis, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay (EITB), and with necropsy results. We examined 11 animals from an endemic area (Huancayo) and 42 animals from an area free of cysticercosis (Lima). The tongue test has a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 100%, the EITB a sensitivity and specificity of 100%, and the ELISA a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 75%. Thus, the tongue examination, being a test essentially without cost and having fair sensitivity and high specificity, can be useful in epidemiological surveys. Prevalence for porcine cysticercosis in Huancayo is 23.4% by tongue examination, 31.2% by necropsy, 37.7% by ELISA, and 51.9% by EITB.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Case-control study of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in Peruvian children hospitalized for diarrhea: possible association with malnutrition and nosocomial infection.

A retrospective, hospital-based case-control study was used to investigate whether there were any clinical characteristics that could distinguish Cryptosporidium parvum-infected children with diarrhea from other non-C. parvum-infected children with diarrhea. Ten percent (24 of 248) of children admitted to a rehydration ward at Cayetano Heredia University Hospital, Lima, Peru, were infected with C. parvum. The 24 patients infected with C. parvum (cases) were matched to an equal number of noninfected patients (controls). C. parvum-infected patients were more likely to be malnourished than were children without this infection (P less than 0.05). Also nosocomial infection caused by C. parvum occurred in three severely malnourished patients, two of whom died. No other clinical or laboratory characteristics were found that would distinguish children with diarrhea caused by C. parvum from other children with diarrhea. In children hospitalized for diarrhea C. parvum infection occurs most frequently in malnourished children.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1989

[Headache of cervical origin].

We studied 40 patients with cervical spine disease who had headache (Group A) with 40 patients with disease and no headache (Group B). In addition to clinical and radiologic evaluation, 24 patients in group A and 27 in Group B had electromyographic study, which was normal en 18 of the former and 4 of the latter group. Abnormal neurologic findings were present only in Group B (37% of patients). Alterations of the cervical spine were more pronounced in Group B. These findings suggest that headache is not related to cervical spine disease and may be caused by other factors such as inadequate posture, brisk movements of the neck and emotional and psychologic disturbances.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Primary hyperparathyroidism. Apropos of 102 recent exploratory cervicotomies: diagnostic and clinical pitfalls].

The authors report on various diagnostic pitfalls on 102 patients having undergone exploratory cervicotomy for primary hyperparathyroidism. A false positive diagnostic error was made on 2% of the cases, bringing to 100 the number of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. False negative diagnosis was made on 4% of the patients: two late diagnoses leading to an acute toxic state and death postoperatively in both cases; two pure psychiatric variants leading to repetitive hospitalizations in psychiatry. Error in diagnosis because of a masking effect was made in 4% of the cases:--one association with a clear cell nephro--epithelioma--one association with a multiple myeloma--two associations with a benign monoclonal gammapathy. The absence of hypercalcemia, a diagnostic pitfall in the modern form of this disease was found in 7% of the cases. PTH hypersecretion which is virtually a constant finding in the normocalcemic form of the disease obviates in most cases the need of a bone biopsy and quantitative histomorphometric analysis. The association with another endocrinopathy was found in 12% of the cases (2 MEN I, 1 MEN II, 9 hyperthyroidism). Because of its high frequency in the aged (22% greater than 75 years) the diagnosis of this disease is difficult for its signs are mimicked as well by the aging process. The preoperative topographic diagnostic error is avoided since there doesn't seem to be any test which would preclude the normal surgical procedure of carefully exploring all 4 topographic sites of the parathyroid. Surgical errors can be numerous but minimized with the increasing experience of the operator. Histological errors are seen mainly in the normocalcemic variety where only electron microscopy can detect the typical signs of cellular hyperactivity.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Rapid reinfection by Giardia lamblia after treatment in a hyperendemic Third World community.

In a peri-urban shanty town in Lima, Peru, that was hyperendemic for Giardia lamblia, 44 children aged between 0.9 months and 10 years were effectively treated for Giardia lamblia with tinidazole. Stools were examined weekly in the 6 months after treatment to determine the rate of reinfection, and after reinfection stools continued to be examined. 98% of the children became reinfected with Giardia lamblia within 6 months, and after reinfection stool excretion of the parasite lasted a mean (SD) of 3.2 (3.3) months. The children's mean stool pH and their mean stool fat index was unaffected by Giardia lamblia reinfection. Treatment of all symptomless Giardia lamblia infections in a developing country hyperendemic for the disease is of questionable value because of rapid reinfection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Finding of pyloric Campylobacter in the operated stomach and therapeutic results].

We present a trial on 21 patients with gastric surgery, by different pathologies, benign and malignant, with the aim of detecting presence or absence of Pyloric Campylobacter. The clinical, endoscopic findings and presence-absence of Pyloric Campylobacter were correlated. Regarding the clinical symptomatology, it was not possible to obtain a favourable conclusion to the presence of Pyloric Campylobacter in both groups. The endoscopic findings showed changes more evident in those cases of positive Pyloric Campylobacter. The therapeutical response of positive Pyloric Campylobacter to TDB during 30 days was beneficial regarding the disappearance of the symptoms.

Adult↗