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Biomedical subjects

E Monteiro

Publications and source records attributed to E Monteiro.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

An international study of the relationship between alcohol consumption and postmenopausal estradiol levels.

Because of the beneficial effect of estrogens on the risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, the factors which influence endogenous postmenopausal estrogen levels are of substantial importance. The major source of postmenopausal estrogen is the aromatization of androgens to estrogens. Because alcohol is reported to increase aromatization rates, the relationship between serum estradiol and moderate alcohol consumption was examined in a group of 128 healthy Pittsburgh postmenopausal women, and a significant direct association was found. In order to address the generalizability of this finding, 3 comparable study populations of healthy postmenopausal women were recruited: 62 in Copenhagen, 34 in Lisbon and 20 in Madrid. Although no association was detected in the Madrid study sample, in both the Copenhagen and Lisbon study populations, not only were estradiol levels significantly increased in alcohol users as compared to abstainers, but also estradiol levels were significantly correlated with total weekly drinks consumed. Based on these findings in study samples of healthy postmenopausal women from Pittsburgh, Copenhagen and Lisbon, we conclude that the increase in estradiol levels seen with moderate alcoholic beverage consumption is not an isolated finding and speculate that moderate alcohol consumption by healthy postmenopausal women may have beneficial effects.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1991

HIV infection and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--bronchoscopic diagnosis in two patients.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is extremely common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Diagnostic techniques vary between different institutions depending on availability of expertise. We have limited experience in the workup and evaluation of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection because we have at present only 56 reported cases of HIV positive individuals. We report here two cases where Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was the index illness and the diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoscopy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Insulin protects cognitive function in experimental stroke.

There is evidence from in vitro systems that the extent of neuronal loss in acute central nervous system ischaemia can be reduced by manoeuvres which restrict availability of glucose to the ischaemic area. Experiments were designed to test whether hypoglycaemia induced with insulin is associated with improved behavioural outcome in a recovery model of stroke. Rats learned a maze task as a test of working memory, believed to be subserved by the hippocampus, and then had a period of cerebral ischaemia, followed by reperfusion. After an interval of 14 days they were tested on the same maze, where lesioned animals had very significant (p less than 0.0001) impairment of working memory, whereas lesioned and treated (2.0 u/kg-1 insulin, minimum single plasma glucose value: 3.1 mmol/l-1) animals were indistinguishable from control animals. It is concluded that a striking degree of protection can be obtained with levels of mild hypoglycaemia which may be acceptable and practicable for use in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Antithyroid antibodies as an early marker for thyroid disease induced by amiodarone.

Changes in thyroid function may occur during treatment with amiodarone. A double blind prospective trial of amiodarone and placebo was performed in 37 patients in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction. Though none of the patients assigned to receive placebo developed any antibody, six of 13 patients treated with amiodarone developed antithyroid microsomal antibodies. There was no difference in triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations between the two groups, but a significant difference in concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone was noted on day 30 (p less than 0.05). Six months after the withdrawal of amiodarone autoantibodies could not be detected and concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone were normal. These antibodies have not previously been reported to develop during short term treatment with amiodarone. They could have an important role in the detection of early thyroid changes in patients given amiodarone.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Anti-reticulin antibodies: a diagnostic and monitoring test for childhood coeliac disease.

The importance of anti-reticulin antibodies (ARA)--R1 pattern--has been evaluated as a diagnostic and monitoring test for childhood coeliac disease. A prospective study was performed in 140 patients: 68 children with coeliac disease, 32 with miscellaneous diarrhoea, and 40 controls. An indirect immunofluorescent test was used for ARA screening. The indirect correlation found in our study between the presence of ARA and coeliac disease in children on a normal diet and after gluten challenge and between the absence of ARA and coeliac disease in children on a gluten-free diet seems to be of value in the diagnosis of coeliac disease and in monitoring the response to treatment in coeliac disease children.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

Isolation of mucoid Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains.

Mucoid strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated from the stools of two asymptomatic carriers and a patient with gastroenteritis. The strains demonstrated biochemical reactions and antibiotic susceptibility typical of nonmucoid strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated locally. The slime substance was typed by coagglutination and was antigenically similar to the capsular antigen of the same strain. Three different serotypes (O10:K24, O5:K17, and O5:K15) were involved.

Antigens, Bacterial↗