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Biomedical subjects

E Montgomery

Publications and source records attributed to E Montgomery.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Elastofibroma: MR and CT appearance with radiologic-pathologic correlation.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to determine the MR and CT appearances of elastofibroma and correlate the imaging features with the underlying pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively the MR and CT findings in five cases of elastofibroma. All patients had a soft-tissue mass; one patient also complained of pain. The mean age of the patients was 71 years (range, 63-79 years). Four lesions occurred in the subscapular region, and one occurred in the thigh. In addition, we reviewed and compared the demographic data of 72 histologically proved cases for which we had archival data. RESULTS: Three of four lesions evaluated with spin-echo MR imaging were approximately isointense with skeletal muscle and contained areas with a signal intensity similar to that of fat; these corresponded to areas of dense collagen and interspersed fat, respectively. In the fourth case, the MR appearance was nonspecific. In one case, MR imaging with gadopentetate dimeglumine showed areas with and without enhancement. Three of four lesions evaluated with CT had variable margins, with tissue attenuation similar to that of the adjacent soft tissue as well as scattered areas of decreased attenuation, suggesting fat within the lesion. In one case, the lesion was well defined and relatively homogeneous with an attenuation less than that of skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION: The MR and CT features of elastofibroma are different from those of most other soft-tissue tumors, reflecting entrapped fat within a predominantly fibrous mass. Although these features are not pathognomonic, their presence in a subscapular lesion in an older patient suggests a presumptive diagnosis of elastofibroma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Iron levels in pregnancy, physiology or pathology? Assessing the need for supplements.

This paper re-examines the need for iron supplements among pregnant women by considering whether the changes they experience in iron levels are physiological or pathological. The literature reveals that changes in the blood leading to haemodilution are necessary adaptations to healthy pregnancy. These changes alter normal haematological values. Consequently, indices such as haemoglobin concentration lose their accuracy as measurements of iron status. Tests for iron stores such as serum ferritin are more likely to prove useful indicators of deficiency. Iron stores are greatly depleted early in pregnancy, whether or not supplements are taken, when absorption is low. They return to pre-pregnant levels quickly after delivery. Reasons for these phenomena are postulated. High levels of haemoglobin in pregnancy seem to be as undesirable as very low levels. As proved benefits from iron therapy are few, it is questionable whether the antenatal period is an appropriate time to supplement. However, the issue of physiology versus pathology remains unresolved. Pregnancy is assumed to be an abnormal variation of the non-pregnant state; its parameters being judged against those of the population at large. As most pregnancies form a normal part of a woman's life cycle, the physiological ranges for pregnancy itself need to be determined.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1989

Campylobacter pylori, NSAIDS, and smoking: risk factors for peptic ulcer disease.

Campylobacter pylori, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and smoking are associated with ulcer disease. To define further the role of these factors in ulcer disease, one hundred seven subjects presenting for endoscopy were tested for specific IgG and IgA antibodies to C. pylori, and questioned about nonsteroidal use and smoking. Sixty were dyspeptic patients, 28 were disease controls, and 19 were healthy asymptomatic volunteers. Considering all subjects, 81% (87/107) were either taking nonsteroidals or had antibody to C. pylori, and 32% of these (28/87) had an ulcer. Nineteen percent (20/107) were neither taking nonsteroidals nor had antibody to C. pylori, and none of these had an ulcer, p less than 0.01. Smokers, 41% (11/27), were more likely to have an ulcer than nonsmokers, 20% (16/80), p less than 0.05, but only because of the increased prevalence of ulcers in smokers who also had C. pylori, 73% (11/15) versus 27% (12/45) of nonsmokers with C. pylori, p less than 0.01. The use of nonsteroidals and antibody to C. pylori identify people at risk for ulcers. Smoking increases this risk in subjects with C. pylori. Absence of a history of nonsteroidal use and antibody to C. pylori identify individuals with a low probability of ulcer disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Towards representative energy data: the Machiguenga study.

Representative energy data for a human population can be produced by combining randomly sampled time allocation observations with activity-specific energy expenditure measurements. Research to produce representative energy data for adults of a population of Machiguenga Indians has recently been conducted in lowland, southeastern Peru. Marked contrast was found between the sexes for average married adults in energy expended on an average day. Men spent about 3,200 kcals and women, about 1,925; ratio: 1.66 to 1. In general, men tended to work at somewhat more energetic activities and for longer periods than did women. In addition to sex-role-related task differences were contrasts in uses of technological items and in respective work settings. These representative behavior data permit direct estimates of population-level energy requirements for average days, seasons, or for 1 year.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Children of torture victims: reactions and coping.

The aim of this study was to describe mental reactions and coping strategies among children of torture victims. The study comprised 11 children from 5 exiled families with at least one of the parents having been subjected to torture. Investigation methods applied were qualitative interviews in three different settings and two projective tests. The children were anxious, depressive, and regressive. Moreover, they presented psychosomatic symptoms, sleep disorders, and family and school problems. The children's ways of dealing with their experiences were divided into four main coping strategies: (a) isolation and withdrawal, (b) mental flight, (c) eagerness to acclimatize, and (d) strength of will and fighting. A lack of flexibility in the children's development of coping strategies was mainly explained by the strength of challenges in the families' overall situation before and after escape and exilation. A lack of openness about imprisonment and torture seemed to be an essential way of parental coping. The observation methods chosen all proved to be applicable and informative. Moreover, the qualitative interview showed to be the crucial method.

Adaptation, Psychological↗