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Biomedical subjects

E N Gorban'

Publications and source records attributed to E N Gorban'.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[The role of immunological mechanisms in the development of the late sequelae of nuclear disasters].

Effects, both specific and non-specific, were analysed of ionizing radiation in a comparative evaluation of medical sequels of the Chernobyl disaster and of the Semipalatinsk Range nuclear test. A hypothesis is advanced assuming that development of all major bodily morbid conditions is directly related to the dysfunction of certain complex of organs, the thyroid gland in the first place, the thymus gland known to be a central organ of systemic immunogenesis. A breach in the thymus link triggers harmful cascade reactions of neuroimmunoendocrinological regulation, appeared to be responsible for the pathogenesis of practically all pathologies disclosed.

Gene Expression Regulation↗
PubMed1991

[Age-related features of the effects of alpha- and beta-adrenomimetics on the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal glands].

In vitro effect of alpha-adrenomimetic naphtizin (0.1 mM X 1(-1) and beta-adrenomimetic isoproterenol (10 mcM X 1(-1) on the basal and ACTH-stimulated (10 U X 1(-1) production of II-oxoketosteroids (II-OKS) by isolated adrenals (IA) was studied in adult (6 mo) and old (28 mo) male rats. Naphtizin increased ACTH-stimulated secretion of II-OKS by IA of adult rats, but had no effect on the above secretion of old rats. Isoproterenol enhanced basal secretion of II-OKS by adult IA. No such effect on IA was found in old rats. There was no additive effect of isoproterenol on ACTH-stimulated II-OKS secretion by IA in both age groups.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of the antioxidant dibunol on the electron paramagnetic resonance signals in the tissues of rats of different ages].

Changes in the intensity of EPR signals from the skeletal and heart muscles, liver, kidneys, thyroid, adrenal cortex, and blood were studied in relation to the animals age and the effect of the antioxidant dibunol. Essential changes were revealed in metabolic activity of the majority of the tissues under study as early as within the first 6 hours after antioxidant administration.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of the antioxidant dibunol on the function of the adrenal cortex, the thyroid and the adenohypophysis in adult and old rats].

The effect of a single antioxidant (dibunol-D) injection (100 mg/kg body weight) on the functional activity of adrenal cortex (AC), thyroid gland (TG) and tropic hormone production by adenohypophysis (AH) has been studied in old and adult rats. For 48 hours following D administration two-phase changes in adrenocorticotropic function of AH and steroidogenesis were detected in the AC: activation during the first hours was followed by suppression 24 hours later, and recovery 48 hours later. Thyrotropic AH function and thyroidogenesis were found to be decreased during the first hours of D effect. Thyroidogenesis recovery by the end of the first day was delayed as compared to the recovery of AH thyrotropic function. It is suggested that the mechanisms of D action are based on its effects mediated by changes in the functional activity of endocrine glands and associated with resetting of endocrine regulation of body functions.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1981

[Analysis of the relationship between temperatures and the process of diaphragmatic cell membrane repolarization in rats of different ages].

The temperature dependence (TD) of the membrane repolarization process (RP) in muscle cells within the range of 10--20 degrees C following preliminary cooling of muscles, the effect of treatment of diaphragmatic muscles (DM) with ouabain (Ou) (10(-4) M) and administration of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) (1.5 mg/100g) on RP were studied in experiments on isolated DM of adult (7--8-month-old) and old (28--32-month-old) male white rats. Ou and 2,4-DNP decrease the temperature coefficient Q10 of cell membrane RP of DM in the adult animals to the magnitudes approximating one, while in the old animals, 2,4-DNP does not change TD of RP and Ou reduces it from 3.824 +/- 0.440 but to 2.725 +/- 0.245. A possible age-associated reconstitution of the mechanisms of active transmembrane ion transport is suggested.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of thyrotropic hormone on the membrane potential of thyroid gland cells and thyroid hormone secretion with aging].

Effect of thyrotropic hormone (TTH) on membrane potential (MP) of thyroid cells and thyroid hormone secretion was studied in experiments on male rats of two age groups (7--12- and 27--32-month-old animals). It was found that during the first 3 hours after TTH administration (5 U/100 g i. v.) the depolarization of secretory cell membranes of adult rats was done pronounced and developed more rapidly than in old ones and that an increase in free thyroxin (T4) correlation with MP changes with time. In a dose of 0.5 U/100 g TTH caused a significant rise in T4 secretion only in old rats. The cAMP level in the thyroid gland declined with aging. In a dose of 5 U/100 g TTH provoked a significant increase in the cAMP content in adult rats and had no effect on its content in old ones. A relationship between the MP level of thyroid secretory cells and thyroid hormone secretion is discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[Age-specific differences in the process of adrenal cortex cell membrane repolarization].

The differences in temperature dependence of the membrane repolarization process (RP) in the cells of zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex within the range of 7--17 degrees C following preliminary cooling of the adrenal glands to 0 degrees C were investigated in experiments on the isolated adrenal glands of rats aged 5 and 28--29 months. The temperature coefficient (Q10) of RP was much higher in old (2.732 +/- 0.191) than in young rats (1.481 +/- 0.051). Ionol, an inhibitor of free-radical reactions (FRR), did not change Q10 of RP in young animals but decreased it significantly in old ones down to the level of young rats (1.467 +/- 0.028). The total x-raying of young rats (700 Gy) led to an increase in Q10 of RP to 2.515 +/- 0.099 in the first hours after exposure to x-rays. This parameter returned to normal after 48 hours. Age-associated reconstruction of the electrogenic active transport mechanisms is supposed to lie in the appearance (or increased contribution) of FRR in the total balance of reactions determining the active transmembrane transport processes.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1978

[Age and the relationship between temperature and the cell membrane repolarization process in the adrenal cortex].

In experiments on the isolated adrenal glands of rats aged 5 and 28--29 months no age-related differences in the membrane potential were found in the cells of zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. The temperature dependence of the membrane repolarization of the adrenal cortex zona fasciculata was was investigated within the range of 7--17 degrees C following preliminary cooling of the adrenal glands. The calculated value of the temperature coefficient of the repolarization process was much higher in old than in young rats. With ageing the reactions with high energy activation made a greater contribution to the total balance of processes determining membrane repolarization in the adrenal cortex cells.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Managing epidemic risk in the Ukraine: new approaches and development strategies].

A concept is presented of development of the epidemiological service in Ukraine. It is based on modern informative computer technologies of epidemic risk management and epidemic situation assessment. On the basis of mathematical modelling and theory of optimal control a new approach has been worked out for epidemic risk estimation and forecasting of epidemic situation development. Figs: 8. Tabl: 1. Refs: 43.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spirulina: perspectives of the application in medicine].

The data on biologically active components included in structure of blue-green seaweed spirulina, determining its value as food additive and medicinal means are submitted. The results of use of spirulina in experimental models of pathology and clinical practice are generalized.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of escalation of AIDS and HIV infection in Ukraine. Information technology for management of epidemics and risk ranking].

The article presents an approach to the development of information technology for management of epidemics and risk ranking to increase the efficacy of struggle with HIV/AIDS in Ukraine, minimize incidence rate, maximize the quality of health care, and augment the reliability of a long-term forecasting of epidemiological situation in Ukraine and its separate regions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychiatric care act of Ukraine and issues concerning reformation of the mental health protection service].

An analysis was performed of the conception and content of a new Psychiatric Care Act by making a comparison with data from published literature and the present-day status of the mental health protection service. The main features of the crisis of psychiatry in Ukraine are characterized together with possible ways of resolving it. Main trends in reformation of the psychiatric service are identified that are to be secured by relevant acts of departmental and interdepartmental character based on law. Priority is emphasized to defence of the patients' rights and liberties together with a need for a guarantee of a highly skilled medical care to be provided for mental patients.

Government Regulation↗