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Biomedical subjects

E O Buczkowska

Publications and source records attributed to E O Buczkowska.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus during development in the population ].

This type of diabetes mellitus is generally considered rare in children and adolescents. The incidence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically in the past decade in some ethnic groups. This increased incidence of youth-onset non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM-Y) has corresponded temporally to an unprecedented increase in body weight and prevalence of obesity in youth in various ethnic populations. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), another type of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is characterized by an early onset and autosomal dominant inheritance. MODY blood glucose is primarily due to beta-cell defects resulting in inadequate insulin secretion for a given level. In contrast to NIDDM-Y there is no significant increase in insulin resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Insulin effect on metabolism in skeletal muscles and the role of muscles in regulation of glucose homeostasis].

Insulin enhances glucose disposal, storage and oxidation in muscles. It control the metabolites required in the muscle and is involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Insulin is considered to be an anabolic hormone in that it promotes the synthesis of protein and glycogen and it inhibits the degradation of these compounds in muscle tissue. Glucose normally provides energy sources for tissues of the body, its uptake by muscle requires a secretion of insulin. The initial step of glucose utilization requires the transport of glucose into the cells. The transport across certain cell membranes such as muscle is regulated by insulin. The insulin-receptor complex stimulates the cellular uptake of glucose. Insulin stimulates the uptake of amino acids into cells and simulates protein synthesis in muscle tissue. With insulin deficiency, amino acids are mobilized from muscle and transported to the liver. Physiological increase in insulin suppresses lypolysis in skeletal muscle but in supra-physiological increases this suppression of intramuscular lypolysis is inadequate, resulting in increased availability of nonestrified fatty acids which can represent a potential mechanism involved in insulin resistance in muscle. Patients with diabetes mellitus are characterized by insulin deficiency (type 1) or peripheral insulin resistance (type 2) demonstrated by decreased insulin action on glucose utilization in muscle. Muscle tissue has been considered to be a major regulator of systemic glucose homeostasis.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2001

[Overweight--problem in pediatric patients. Part I. Obesity as a risk factor for metabolic disturbances].

Obesity in adults is associated with multiple disorders of glucose, insulin and lipid homeostasis. Children with early onset of obesity appear to be an interesting group for study of early alterations in human obesity. However only few such studies have been performed. In this group, many data show that obesity in childhood and adolescents is associated with the development of risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The objective of this study was to determine contribution of obesity to the development of impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidaemia and hormonal imbalance. Body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2 has recommended as the cutoff value respectively for overweight. In obese patients insulin secretion, glucose and lipid metabolism was impaired.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Pain response and measurement in infants].

Medical recognition of infant pain has been based on several complex misunderstandings. It should be no longer controversial that newborns in manner similar to other infants, have the ability to recognize painful insults and respond to them. Now it is accepted that a functional response to various stimuli by several neuropathways and both anatomic and physiologic, peripheral and central connections between sensory neurons and central nervous system occur relatively early in fetal life. Incoming painful stimuli may be influenced by several different neuromediators. It is accepted that three broad areas of pain measurement in the infant can be used. Behavioural responses, i.e. a marked change in the facial expression and crying, have been described as part of the infant response to noxious stimuli. They are related to the degree of stress and pain. The infants have the same as adults neurochemical disturbances associated with physiologic stress. Hormonal responses may perturb developmentally fragile glucose homeostasis and increase protein catabolism. The physiological consequences are changes in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, peripheral and central vascular perfusion and various gastrointestinal functions. Because pain is associated with a risk of several physiologic changes these adverse effects should be blunted by appropriate analgesia.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1999

[Diabetes mellitus in newborns and infants--differences and similarities based on observation of 2 cases].

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus occurs rarely in the early childhood. Recently, the number of reports about diabetes mellitus has increased in the youngest children. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the problems of diabetes mellitus in infants, particularly difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment, based on 2 own cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two case reports are shown with their clinical pictures and laboratory analysis. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in the age of 4 months (case 1) and in the age of 5 weeks (case 2). RESULTS: Genetic (DRB1*03; DRB1*04) and immunologic examination (IAA, anti-GAD) were positive in case 1 and negative in case 2. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded different etiology of diabetes mellitus in infants. Report of case 1 shows autoimmune type I diabetes mellitus and report of case 2 suggests diabetes mellitus induced by inefficient pancreas damaged during the pathologic pregnancy.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1999

[The role of physical training in the treatment of diabetes].

There is good evidence that physical training can lead to improved metabolic control of diabetic patients. The use of physical activity in addition to insulin and/or oral antidiabetic agents and diet is strongly recommended in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1999

[The role of gastrointestinal tract peptides in control glucose homeostasis].

Hormones of the gastrointestinal tract are difficult to study because they are not produced by discrete groups of cells organized into glands. Instead, they are released from single cells scattered along the digestive tract. Furthermore, as several of these peptides are found both in specific endocrine cells and in neurons and their nerve terminals it is difficult to establish which effects are dependent on peptide release from nerve terminals and which represent endocrine activity. The gastrointestinal peptides act locally on various organs and processes within the gastrointestinal system. There is a correlation between carbohydrate absorption, plasma concentration of glucose and release of gastrointestinal tract hormones.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1998

[Celiac disease in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

A coincidence of celiac disease and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has been described in several studies. Celiac disease appears to be more common among patients with IDDM than in general population. The diagnosis of celiac disease requires histologic evidence of villous atrophy and a positive antibody test result. Typical gastrointestinal complaints of celiac disease are rare in IDDM patients, while atypical isolated symptoms of celiac are more common. It is recommended that all young diabetic patients, even those asymptomatic, should be screened for celiac. Routine screening is recommended repeatedly during first years after the diagnosis of IDDM.

Celiac Disease↗