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Biomedical subjects

E O Ukaejiofo

Publications and source records attributed to E O Ukaejiofo.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with raised serum IgM levels.

Eight patients diagnosed as having chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) from clinical and haematological data were also observed to possess immunological characteristics similar to tropical splenomegaly syndrome (TSS). We suggest that the raised IgM level in these cases may be the effect of chronic exposure to malaria in patients who later developed CLL. Consequently, raised serum IgM, which is a feature of TSS, may also be found in some cases of CLL in Nigeria.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Blood lymphocytes and measles viraemia.

Previously described giant multinucleated cells were observed in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) cultures of washed leucocytes from blood samples of seventeen (36%) out of forty-seven children with measles or undiagnosed fever in Ibadan. The giant cells were more readily seen in PHA cultures of purified lymphocyte preparations than in total leucocyte suspensions. It was concluded that the giant cells seen in cultures indicate in-vivo infection of some blood lymphocytes of patients with measles and related infections by syncytium-producing virus. The practical application of lymphocyte cultures to the laboratory diagnosis of measles is stressed, and the concept of circulating lymphocytes acting as vehicles for the systemic spread of measles infection is highlighted.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1983

Polycythaemia rubra vera associated with unbalanced expression of the X chromosome and monoclonality of T lymphocytes.

Polycythaemia rubra vera (PRV) was diagnosed in a 69-year-old Nigerian woman whose haemolysate revealed an electrophoretically slow-moving homogeneous band of the enzyme glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Further biochemical characterization identified the enzyme as a new sporadic G6PD variant. Electrophoresis of the haemolysate of 4 children of the proposita identified in a daughter a large quantity of the slow-moving variant enzyme, and a much lower quantity of the normal type enzyme, thus, signifying an extremely unbalanced mosaic phenotype situation. All other family subjects studied, including 2 sons, had the normal enzyme type B, thus confirming the heterozygosity of the proposita at the G6PD locus. Homogenates of platelets, granulocytes and E-rosette-forming lymphocytes of the proposita showed an identical slow-moving band as the haemolysate, thus, suggesting the origin of these cells from a common progenitor cell which may be either the pluripotent stem cell (PSC) or another precursor cell at an earlier level of development than the PSC. While the observation of preferential production of the variant enzyme may be attributed to the presence on the X chromosome of a 'haemopoietic gene', its relevance to the etiology of PRV is unclear.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Childhood acute leukaemia in a tropical population.

The clinical features of acute leukaemia (AL) were documented prospectively among Nigerian children resident in the South-Western rain-forest area of the country, and compared to the features in Caucasians. Twenty-nine of 51 newly diagnosed cases of AL occurred in childhood, including 19 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and 11 of acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). The incidence of ALL the AML in Ibadan children was the same, estimated as 0.8 X 10(-5). Thus childhood ALL was about one-third as common in Ibadan as in most developed Caucasian countries. ALL and AML occurred most frequently in the age groups 10-14 and 5-9 years respectively. Six cases of AML were associated with chloromas. Only 2 of the ALL patients survived more than one year after standard chemotherapy. The poor result appeared to be attributable to frequent occurrence among the ALL patients of adverse prognostic factors such as hyperleucocytosis, age less than 2 or greater than 7 years, L2 morphology and low PAS reactivity of the lymphoblasts. Unknown environmental factors are believed to be responsible for the unusual features of AL in children in Ibadan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Interaction of maternal and neonatal cells in mixed-lymphocyte cultures.

One-way and two-way mixed-lymphocyte cultures of cells from male newborn infants and their parents were studied. The tests between the lymphocytes of the parental pairs in the one-way system, in which one population stimulates and the other responds, indicated that maternal lymphocytic response was not generally depressed. However, there was some evidence that the response of the maternal cells was depressed when the cells of the newborn infant were stimulatory. When both maternal and neonatal lymphocytes were viable and the origin of the dividing cells was monitored by using sex chromosomes as markers, it was clearly shown that the division of maternal cells was inhibited, most of the metaphases being XY. The mechanism of this inhibition may depend on contact between viable cells or on the liberation of inhibitory factors by the neonatal cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence that circulating lymphocytes act as vehicles or viraemia in measles.

Previously described giant multinucleated cells were observed in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) cultures of leucocytes from blood samples of 17 (36%) out of 47 children with measles or undiagnosed fever in Ibadan. The giant cells were more readily seen in PHA cultures of purified lymphocyte preparations than in total leucocyte suspensions. It was concluded that the observation indicates in vivo infection of some blood lymphocytes of patients with measles and related infections by syncitium producing virus to manifest the giant cells seen in culture. The practical application of lymphocyte cultures to the laboratory diagnosis of measles is stressed and the concept of circulating lymphocytes contributing to the systemic spread of measles infection is highlighted.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of lymphocyte transformation and IgM estimation as diagnostic aids in leukaemoid reactions.

Twenty-two patients with lymphocytosis and sometimes accompanied by splenomegaly selected from our difficult diagnostic cases over the past two years are presented. The clinical and laboratory features pointed to one of the following: chronic lymphatic leukaemia without lymphadenopathy, lymphosarcoma or other lymphoreticular tumour, tropical splenomegaly syndrome with a lymphatic leukaemoid reaction. The precise diagnosis was usually made by haemotological laboratory tests - viz. (a) Lymphocytes transformation test (LTT) (b) Serum/Plasma IgM estimation. It was found that: (1) There was markedly raised IgM in the responders i.e. patients with Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome (TSS) whose spleens regressed following treatment with antimalarials, contrasting the normal levels of IgM in the non-responders to antimalarial therapy. (2) The PHA - Lymphocytes Transformation in the TSS was normal while that of Chronic Lymphatic Leukaemia (CLL) was abnormally low. These combined tests (LTT & IgM) are recommended as investigations for leukaemoid reactions involving lymphocytes.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunological identification of peripheral-blood lymphocytes from patients with lymphoproliferative disorders in Nigeria. I. Acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL).

The peripheral-blood lymphocytes of eight consecutively diagnosed cases of acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) in Nigerians seen over a period of 2 years were classified as T, B and Null cells, using mainly sheep-rosetting (for T cells) and EAC-rosetting (for B cells) techniques. The patients' lymphocytes response to stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and basic haematological parameters were also determined. There were three male cases (37.5%), aged 10, 14 and 21 years who had T-cell ALL and one boy (12.5%) aged 10 years with B-cell ALL. The remaining four patients (50%) were two girls aged 6 and 6 1/2 years and two males aged 10 and 21 years who had lymphocytic leukaemia of the Null-cell class. These results from a tropical environment agree with previous findings among Caucasians with respect to the age and sex incidence and predominance of ALL with Null cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunological identification of peripheral-blood lymphocytes from patients with lymphoproliferative disorders in Nigeria. II. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).

The surface markers for blood T and B lymphocytes in sixteen consecutively diagnosed patients with CLL were sought for. There were twelve females and four males, and their ages ranged from 30 to 70 years. Although the absolute numbers of T and B lymphocytes were increased, the percentage scores as well as mitogenic responses of these leukaemic cells were depressed, and all the patients except one who has T-cell CLL were considered to have Null-cell CLL. This finding suggests that CLL may take an unusual form in a tropical environment, and this may account for the long remissions which often occur.

Adult↗