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Biomedical subjects

E Ono

Publications and source records attributed to E Ono.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Enzyme activities of the strains belonging to family Leptospiraceae detected by the API ZYM system.

A total of 32 strains of the family Leptospiraceae (23 strains of Leptospira interrogans, 6 strains of Leptospira biflexa, 2 strains of Leptonema and 1 strain of Leptospira parva) were examined for enzyme activities using 89 substrates (API ZYM system). More than 90% of the strains belonging to the family Leptospiraceae possessed strong activities of beta-D-galactosidase, beta-D-glucosidase and 5 esterases (C5, C6, C8, C9 and C10). More than 90% of the strains belonging to the genus Leptospira, except L. parva, had strong activities of L-lysine arylamidase and alpha-L-glutamate arylamidase. L. biflexa strains, except serovar andamana, were different from the other strains examined in that they possessed glycyl-glycine arylamidase, glycyl-phenylalanine arylamidase and L-tryptophan arylamidase. L. biflexa strains, except andamana, L. parva and Leptonema strains possessed strong activities of glycine arylamidase and leucyl-glycine arylamidase. Two strains of the genus Leptonema were different from the strains belonging to the genus Leptospira in that they possessed strong activities of beta-D-lactosidase. L. parva lacked alpha-D-galactosidase which other strains belonging to the family Leptospiraceae possessed. Dendrogram analysis revealed that strains belonging to the family Leptospiraceae were divided into 4 groups. The first group consisted of all strains belonging to L. interrogans and serovar andamana of L. biflexa; the second group consisted of the remaining 5 serovars of L. biflexa; the third group consisted of the genus Leptonema; and the fourth group consisted of only L. parva.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1987

Molecular comparison of antigens and proteins of virulent and avirulent clones of Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, strain Shibaura.

The antigens and the protein profiles of virulent and avirulent clones of Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, strain Shibaura were compared by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blotting and radioimmunoprecipitation. An antigen specific to the virulent clone was detectable only in the virulent clone by Western blotting using anti-virulent clone but not anti-avirulent clone antisera. The molecular weight of the antigen was estimated to be approximately 32000 by SDS-PAGE, and the antigen was found to be thermostable. A 43000 dalton antigenic molecule was found to be specific for the virulent clone, and the 41000 dalton antigenic molecule was found to be specific for the avirulent clone by Western blotting using both anti-virulent and anti-avirulent clones antisera. Therefore, these antigenic molecules seemed to contain at least one antigenic determinant which is common to the virulent and the avirulent clones. No difference between the virulent and avirulent clones was observed in the comparison of protein profiles on SDS-PAGE and surface exposed antigenic protein profiles on radioimmunoprecipitation using radioiodinated leptospiral surface exposed proteins. Therefore, the antigens which were different between the virulent and avirulent clones were suspected not to be protein antigens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

Selection of antigenic variants from Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola by means of anti-canicola monoclonal antibody.

Antigenic variants were isolated from canicola by a single selection with anti-canicola monoclonal antibody CT-3. The variants were not identical to any serovars of serogroup Canicola and thought to be a new serovar. Variation frequency was calculated at 5.9 X 10(-4). The usefulness of monoclonal antibodies for selection of antigenic variants of leptospiras is discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1987

Purification, characterization and serological properties of a glycolipid antigen reactive with a serovar-specific monoclonal antibody against Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola.

A glycolipid antigen possessing a serovar-specific antigenic determinant of Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola was purified from a chloroform/methanol extract of the organism. The purification procedures included silicic acid column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Antigenic activity was detected by a TLC-enzyme immunostaining technique using monoclonal antibody CT3, which specifically agglutinates serovar canicola and only weakly serovar sumneri but no other serovars of Leptospira. The purified glycolipid reacted with CT3 antibody, indicating that the glycolipid possessed a serovar-specific antigenic determinant. Infrared spectrum and proton nuclear magnetic resonance analyses showed that the glycolipid contained sugar and lipid moieties, which possessed amide linkages and an acetyl group. Gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the glycolipid contained two unknown sugars, one of which (unknown sugar II) appeared to be associated with the antigenic determinant specific for canicola. The serovar-specific antigenic determinant was destroyed by mild alkali treatment of the glycolipid. These findings suggested that the antigenic determinant was an alkali-labile moiety which may be related to the unknown sugar II.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Acute encephalopathy with hyperammonemia and dicarboxylic aciduria during calcium hopantenate therapy: a patient report.

We report a 3-year-old Japanese girl who developed acute encephalopathy while receiving calcium hopantenate (Calcium D-(+)-4-(2, 4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyramido) butyrate hemihydrate). She had hyperammonemia, elevated CPK, lactic acidemia and pyruvic acidemia, however, she did not show elevated SGOT or SGPT. Calcium hopantenate has been used in Japan for the treatment of mental retardation with behavior abnormalities. Recently there have been three reports on the occurrence of Reye-like syndrome in patients receiving this drug. Clinical signs and laboratory data of these patients are similar to those of Reye syndrome. Calcium hopantenate causes pantothenic acid deficiency in the young rat, which may reduce the content of coenzyme A. If this drug decreases coenzyme A biosynthesis, it may reduce beta-oxidation of fatty acids and levels of dicarboxylic acids would increase because of increasing omega-oxidation. We suspect that there is a possible relationship between the occurrence of acute encephalopathy and calcium hopantenate therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Correlation between stable E-rosette formation and induction of alloantigen specific MLR suppressor cells in human mixed lymphocyte culture.

The induction kinetics of human suppressor cells in unidirectional mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) and the E-receptor of the suppressor cells were studied. Suppressor cell function was measured by the degree of suppression of mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). MLR suppressor cells appeared 3 days after priming MLC was started, and maintained the same suppressive effect until the 11th day. These suppressor cells were allo-antigen specific and resistant to x-irradiation up to 1000 rad, but susceptible to 1500 rad or to mitomycin C treatment. MLR suppressor cells which were obtained from priming MLC after 3 to 8 days formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes at 37 degrees C.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1985

Enzymatic fluorometric method for the determination of D-arabinitol in serum by initial rate analysis.

We describe a new, simple, fluorometric assay for D-arabinitol in serum. The method is based on oxidation of D-arabinitol by D-arabinitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.11), with the concomitant reduction of NAD. The initial rate of NAD reduction, which is proportional to the D-arabinitol content of serum, can be measured with a recording spectrofluorometer. Sensitivity, specificity, recovery and reproducibility experiments gave satisfactory results. The proposed method is suitable for clinical use, and may be helpful in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of a partially purified leptospiral genus-specific protein antigen.

A leptospiral genus-specific protein antigen (GP-Ag) was partially purified from Leptospira interrogans serovar kremastos strain Kyoto and canicola strain Hond Utrecht IV, by treating the organisms with Triton X-100 followed by a purification procedure including fractionation with DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and ethanol precipitation. Genus-specificity of the antigens from kremastos Kyoto and canicola was shown by the immunodiffusion (ID) test. Complement fixation (CF) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using GP-Ag from kremastos Kyoto showed the genus specificity of the GP-Ag. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the antigens from kremastos Kyoto and canicola showed a major band with Coomassie blue stain. The band of GP-Ag from kremastos Kyoto was also shown by immunoprecipitation using the monoclonal antibody (GP-7) to GP-Ag from kremastos Kyoto. The molecular weight of the genus-specific antigen was estimated to be approximately 62 000. The genus specificity of the antigen was reduced by heating at 100 degrees C or treatment with proteolytic enzymes, but not reduced by treatment with sodium metaperiodate.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1985

Detection of antibodies to leptospiral genus-specific antigen in human and animal sera by indirect hemagglutination test with a partially purified genus-specific protein antigen.

Antibodies against leptospiral genus-specific antigen were detected in the sera from clinically diagnosed human leptospirosis and suspected animal leptospirosis by indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test with a partially purified genus-specific protein antigen (GP-Ag). The reaction was positive in the infected humans and animals irrespective of the leptospiral serovars. No significant correlation was found between IHA titer against GP-Ag and microscopic agglutination (MA) titer. IHA titer did not always develop in parallel with MA titers. Sera obtained from healthy individuals were negative in both IHA and MA tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Production of monoclonal antibodies against leptospiral genus-specific protein antigen and localization of the antigen by immunoelectron microscopy.

Monoclonal antibodies were first produced against a leptospiral genus-specific protein antigen (GP-Ag) isolated from Leptospira interrogans serovar kremastos strain Kyoto. The representative monoclonal antibody (GP-7) did not agglutinate kremastos Kyoto but reacted with Triton X-100 treated kreamastos Kyoto, andamana, patoc and Urawa in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indicating that the monoclonal antibody recognized the genus-specific determinant of GP-Ag. The localization of GP-Ag was investigated by immunoelectron microscopy with the iodinated antibody and peroxidase-labeled antibody. The genus-specific determinant of GP-Ag recognized by GP-7 was located on the subsurface of the leptospiral envelope.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of KS-R1 (ampicillin suppository) and ampicillin oral dosing on fecal flora of children].

A newly developed product, KS-R1 (a suppository containing 250 mg potency of ampicillin (ABPC)), was given to 7 children (5 boys and 2 girls) ranging from 4 years and 5 months to 8 years and 10 months in age, 3 times a day (average daily dose, 62.4 mg/kg) for 5 days. As a control, the same amount of ABPC dry syrup was given orally to 7 children (4 boys and 3 girls) ranging from 2 years and 8 months to 7 years and 7 months in age, 3 times a day (average daily dose, 55.3 mg/kg) for 5 days. The effects of these 2 preparations on the bacterial flora of the feces were investigated, and concentrations of ABPC in the feces and sensitivities of the isolated strains to ABPC were determined. The results were as follows. As for Gram-negative bacilli in the feces from children given KS-R1, there was no change in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp. and Enterobacter sp. which were isolated from many children 3 days after the end of treatment, but they did not show any constant pattern of change in mean number. Other species did not show any pattern of increase in the number of children from whom they were isolated, or in the number of bacteria during the course after the beginning of treatment. The total number of bacteria identified as Enterobacteriaceae was at the level of 10(8) cells/g on any day of examination. Of Gram-negative bacilli other than Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas sp. showed no constant pattern of change in number. On the other hand, of Gram-positive bacteria, there was no constant pattern of change in the number of Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative Staphylococci began to be isolated from many children 5 days after the beginning of treatment and were isolated from all children 5 days after the end of treatment, but there was no tendency for the mean number to increase. Enterococcus sp. was not isolated from 3 children 3 days after the beginning of treatment, and was decreased in number by one order in 3 out of other 4 children as compared with before-treatment. However, this species was isolated from all children 3 days after the end of treatment, and the mean number of bacteria was similar to that before-treatment although the number of bacteria was different in individual children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Leptospiral attachment to cultured cells.

Each virulent strain of copenhageni, canicola and pomona of Leptospira interrogans attached effectively to MDCK cells and primary dog kidney cells, while the avirulent or less virulent line of the same strain and avirulent strains belonging to the same serovars and the avirulent reference strains of other serovars did not. Inhibition of the attachment of the virulent copenhageni to MDCK cells was found in the presence of the homologous immunoglobulin G Fab fragment. Strains of L. biflexa attached to the animal cells, but they differed from those of virulent L. interrogans in their capability to attach to glass.

Adhesiveness↗