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Biomedical subjects

E Oyarzún

Publications and source records attributed to E Oyarzún.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Congenital defects of antithrombin III and proteins C and S during pregnancy].

We report 10 patients with congenital deficiencies of the natural anticoagulant proteins S, C and antithrombin III. Thirteen of a total of 30 pregnancies were managed at the perinatal branch of our department. We discuss the mechanism of action of these proteins and their role in thrombotic events. We analyze the most frequent thrombotic complications and we discuss the general guidelines for the investigation of a patient with a suspected congenital thrombophilia with special regard to its management during pregnancy, delivery and perinatal outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Specific detection of 16 micro-organisms in amniotic fluid by polymerase chain reaction and its correlation with preterm delivery occurrence.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to develop a specific polymerase chain reaction detection method for 16 micro-organisms in amniotic fluid and to correlate its performance with bacterial cultures and preterm delivery occurrence. STUDY DESIGN: The study group was made up of 50 patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. The control group consisted of 23 patients not in labor and undergoing amniocentesis for either karyotype or lung maturity studies. Polymerase chain reaction and bacterial cultures were assayed in amniotic fluid of all patients. Results were correlated with pregnancy outcome. RESULTS: Polymerase chain reaction identified micro-organisms in 23 cases in the study group (46%), whereas cultures identified only 6 (12%). All control samples were negative for polymerase chain reaction and cultures. The sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction and cultures for the identification of patients delivering before 34 weeks' gestation was 64% and 18%, respectively. CONCLUSION: A polymerase chain reaction gene amplification method was developed to identify 16 micro-organisms in amniotic fluid. Compared with bacterial cultures, polymerase chain reaction amplification in amniotic fluid appears to be more sensitive in identifying patients delivering prematurely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Ulcerative colitis and pregnancy].

BACKGROUND: The evolution of ulcerative colitis in pregnancy is far from clear. While some authors state that the disease aggravates during this period, others do not share this opinion. AIM: To assess the evolution of ulcerative colitis in pregnancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A paired case-control design was used in which 15 women, with diagnosed ulcerative colitis at the moment of becoming pregnant, were followed for 12 months and the activity of the disease was compared with that of the 12 months preceding the pregnancy. The activity of the disease in the period preceding the pregnancy was gathered retrospectively from the patient's charts. RESULTS: The mean age of the first ulcerative colitis crisis was 24 years. It was moderate in 49% and severe in 35% of women. During pregnancy 55% of women did not have a crisis, compared with 26.7% during the period preceding pregnancy (relative risk of not having a crisis during pregnancy of 1.7). During both periods, seven women had digestive complications, whereas extra digestive complications were not observed in 60% of patients during pregnancy and 11.8% of patients during the preceding period. Perinatal results were similar to those of the general population. CONCLUSIONS: In our group of patients the evolution of ulcerative colitis was better during pregnancy, reflected by a lower number of crisis.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1997

Oral clindamycin and ciprofloxacin versus intramuscular ceftriaxone and oral doxycycline in the treatment of mild-to-moderate pelvic inflammatory disease in outpatients.

This multicenter, prospective, double-blind study compared the safety and efficacy of clindamycin and ciprofloxacin versus ceftriaxone and doxycycline in the treatment of outpatients with mild to moderate pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) diagnosed by laparoscopy. Samples taken from the endocervix, endometrium, and abdominal cavity before treatment and from the endocervix after treatment were cultured for aerobes, anaerobes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Chlamydia trachomatis. Of the 138 patients enrolled, 131 were evaluable for efficacy. The most prevalent bacteria were streptococci, staphylococci, and Escherichia coli (among aerobes) and Bacteroides species and peptostreptococci (among anaerobes). N. gonorrhoeae was present in 2% (3) of the 131 evaluable patients, and C. trachomatis was in 11% (15). The clinical cure rate was 97% (65 of 67) in the clindamycin and ciprofloxacin group and 95% (61 of 64) in the ceftriaxone and doxycycline group. Side effects were similar in both groups. In conclusion, the two regimens for the outpatient treatment of mild to moderate PID were similarly effective and safe.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

[Assisted fertilization: meditations on the new legislation].

We review philosophical and controversial aspects of assisted fertilization. This exercise is necessary considering the discussion of a bill in the Parliament that intends to regulate these technologies in our Country. We review the definition of life beginning and the cost-benefit problem of adoption as an alternative to assisted fertilization.

Chile↗
PubMed1995

[Placental site trophoblastic tumor].

A clinical case of placental site trophoblastic tumor, is presented in a patient of 27 years old. Diagnosis, clinical behavior and treatment are emphasized in this very infrequent pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Complicated placental chorioangioma: infrequent cause of premature labor].

We report a case of a 32 week pregnant patient who was admitted to our ward in preterm labor. After delivery, the examination of the placental tissue showed a large pedunculated tumor, complicated with torsion. Histology of the tumor revealed a placental chorioangioma. We propose that the complication of the tumor is the etiologic factor that brought about preterm labor in this patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Early abortion: natural failure or lack of a critical spirit?].

The existence of spontaneous, clinically inapparent early abortions seems to be generally acknowledged in the scientific literature. The lack of scientific criticism about the limitations and inconsistencies on the quantitative estimation of these early losses is however striking. This study examines critically the published primary scientific evidence about early spontaneous clinically inapparent abortions. Three main methods are disclosed: 1) Direct inspection of the uterus and fallopian tubes; 2) Theoretical assumptions, and, 3) Estimates of 'biochemical abortions'. Estimates ranging from 7.6% to 56.8% of all pregnancies are obtained by experimental studies. Actual methodological shortcomings and inter-group variability in results provide no scientific ground for a quantitative agreement. The results of this study preclude the utilization of a precise quantitative estimate of early spontaneous clinically inapparent abortions in any rational discussion, unless new experimental evidence could be provided.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1993

[Metastatic carcinoma to the ovary of extragenital origin: analysis of 9 cases and review of the concept of Krukenberg's tumor].

Between 1987 to 1992, nine patients with metastatic ovarian tumors of extragenital origin were analyzed. Seven corresponded to Krükenberg tumors, according to the traditional description of carcinoma with signet-ring cells and stroma with sarcomatoid reaction. The primary neoplasia was detected in 8 patients (89%) and corresponded to: gastric cancer (n = 4), colon cancer (n = 2), gallbladder cancer (n = 1) and breast cancer (n = 1). Mean survival in these patients was 11 months (range 4 to 20 months). Irrespective of their histology and origin, all the lesions were found to share similar macroscopic characteristics: bilateral enlarged ovaries, solid and embossed appearance.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Transvaginal echography and endometrium in postmenopause].

Thirty one postmenopause patients were studied, twenty three had metrorrhagia. They were examined by transvaginal ultrasonography with the purpose of measuring the depth of the endometrium. Endometrium depth < or = 10 mm is associated with minimal risk of endometrial cancer. The relationship between the echographic measurements and endometrium cancer, reveals a sensitive of 75%; specificity of 89%; positive predictive value of 60% and negative of 94%.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Role of frozen section biopsy in the diagnosis of adnexal neoplasms].

Three hundred and five patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy by adnexial tumors in our institution from January 1987 to October 1992 were studied. The results of the frozen sections vs permanent sections were compared. The diagnosis was concordant in 98.7% of the cases. Sensitivity was 96.9% and specificity was 99.6%. These results consagrate frozen sections as an accuracy and efficient intraoperative diagnostic form in the ovary tumoral pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[A re-evaluation laparotomy in ovarian neoplasms].

"Second look" laparotomy in ovarian cancer demonstrated negative result in 49%, microscopic positive result in 17%, and macroscopic positive result in 34%. The prediction factors were related with, clinical stage, degree of differentiation and the postsurgical residual tumors after the first operation.

Adult↗