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Biomedical subjects

E P Dias

Publications and source records attributed to E P Dias.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Neurofibromatosis type I with periodontal manifestation. A case report and literature review.

The term neurofibromatosis (NF) is used for a group of genetic disorders that primarily affect the cell growth of neural tissues. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen's disease, is the most common type of NF and accounts for about 90% of all cases. It is one of the most frequent human genetic diseases, with a prevalence of one case in 3,000 births. The expressivity of NF1 is extremely variable, with manifestations ranging from mild lesions to several complications and functional impairment. Oral manifestations can be found in almost 72% of NF1 patients. A case of a NF1 patient with a gingival neurofibroma in the attached gingiva of the lingual aspect of the lower central incisors is presented. The lesion was nodular, with sessile base, non-ulcerated, non-painful, with normal colour and measured 1 cm in diameter. An excisional biopsy of the oral lesion was performed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the clinical hypothesis of neurofibroma. Because NF1 is one of the most common genetic diseases and oral manifestations are very common, dentists should be aware of the characteristics of this disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

Oral hairy leukoplakia. Histopathologic and cytopathologic features of a subclinical phase.

Accurate diagnosis of oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is important because it may be an early indicator of undiagnosed HIV infection; moreover, it may be a prognostic indicator. Our purpose was to investigate the histopathologic features of subclinical OHL and to evaluate and support the rationale of detecting subclinical OHL with cytopathology. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in 4 cases of macroscopically normal lateral borders of tongue mucosa from 8 AIDS necropsies and in none of 8 controls. The histopathologic features were specific when based on nuclear changes: Cowdry type A inclusion, ground glass, and nuclear beading. Smears were obtained from 50 patients with AIDS, without OHL, from the scraping of lateral borders of the tongue. Numerous clusters of the cells were associated with Candida organisms (30% of cases). Nuclear changes were observed in 12 patients (24%) on both sides of the tongue. We describe the histopathologic features of subclinical OHL, and our observations suggest that cytopathology can detect OHL in the subclinical phase.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1997

Acute ureteral obstruction and glomerulotubular function in rats.

Urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of acute renal failure (ARF). During unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) arteriolar vasoconstriction, increase in tubular pressure, and ultrafiltrate retrodiffusion occur. We studied renal function of rats with surgical UUO for 24 hr. After this period of UUO, the contralateral kidney was removed and the right ureter was deobstructed. The control uninephrectomized group consisted of normal rats submitted to left uninephrectomy (UNx). Functional studies were performed 12 and 24 hr, and 7 days after deobstruction and UNx. We measured creatinine clearance, and fractional excretion of sodium and lithium. Using conventional formulas we calculated fractional proximal and distal sodium reabsorption. Initially we observed a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after deobstruction (12 and 24 hr). However, after 7 days, the GFR was significantly higher in deobstructed rats than in controls (340.3 +/- 18.3 vs. 286.4 +/- 9.3 microL/min/100 g, p < 0.01). The dry kidney weight was also increased in these rats. The fractional sodium excretion was increased in deobstructed rats, mainly in early studies (12 and 24 hr). Whereas fractional proximal reabsorption was reduced in both groups, the fractional distal reabsorption was significantly decreased in the deobstructed group compared to UNX controls (93.9 +/- 0.9 vs. 98.9 +/- 0.1% after 24 hr, p < 0.01). Our data showed that UUO influenced both glomerular and tubular functions. A salient finding was the overcorrection of GFR 7 days after deobstruction. The renal release of hormones and growth factors could mediate these alterations in renal function through their vascular, tubular, and proliferative actions.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

[Observations upon some factors which influence the laboratory maintenance of Schistosoma mansoni (author's transl)].

Schistosoma mansoni has been maintained in the laboratory using a laboratory strain of B. glabrata, white mice (Mus musculus) and golden hamster (Cricetus auratus). Observations were collected during five consecutive years and the results were analysed for factors which might have influenced them. The analysis has shown that--(1) snail mortalities were independent of the relatively small variation in temperature and of the mean number of miracidia used for infection; (2) rate of infection of snails increased slowly with the increase of the mean number of miracidia; (3) the temperature was in reciprocal proportion with the logarithm of the cercarial development period; (4) the yield of viable eggs has increased steadily in white mice during the observation period; (5) significant increase of egg production was observed in golden hamsters when subcutaneous route of inoculation was used instead of inoculation through the alimentary pouch.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Vertebrate hormones influence on the reproduction of Biomphalaria glabrata and on Schistosoma mansoni infection (author's transl)].

The influence of fifteen vertebrate hormones on the B. glabrata reproduction and on S. mansoni infection have been studied. Hecogenine and pregnadienolone significantly increased the snail's number of eggs; testosterone, diethylstilbestrol and estradiol valerianate decreased their number of eggs and the mesterolone and progesterone produced a slight decrease in the number of eggs. Crude hecogenine, pregnenolone, prednisone, estradiol, cholic acid, diosgenin, estrone and pregnadione have not shown any significant alteration on the snail reproduction. None of these hormones presented any influence upon the S. mansoni cycle in B. glabrata. Molluscicidal, oocidal and cercarcidal activities have been observed with diethylstilbestrol in concentrations below 10 ppm.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rate of action of schistosomicides in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni.

Mice infected with adult Schistosoma mansoni were dosed with a single oral dose of 125 or 250 mg/kg oltipraz, 50 or 100 mg/kg oxamniquine, or 200 or 400 mg/kg praziquantel. The mortality rate of worms and oogram changes were determined between 1 and 16 weeks after dosing. The time required between dosing and postmortem to obtain maximum effectiveness was 1 week for praziquantel, 2 weeks for oxamniquine and 8 weeks for oltipraz. Changes in oograms persisted throughout most of the experiment, although relapse has been observed at the 4th week on.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital papillomas and papillomatoses associated with the human papilloma virus (HPV)-report on 5 cases.

The authors present a study of five cases of vulvar congenital papillomas and papillomatoses in stillborns and neonates dead upon birth. The studied material was collected from five necropsies. The histopathological evaluation showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, perinuclear haloes, and nuclear abnormalities. In three of the cases, the electron microscopy identified nuclear and cytoplasmatic viral particles ranging from 40 to 60 nm in size, compatible with HPV. The immunohistochemical study of those lesions showed nuclear and cytoplasmatic positivity. The authors concluded that the presence of viral particles suggestive of HPV added to the immunopositivity indicated the possibility of viral infection.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Condyloma acuminatum: its histopathological pattern.

Condyloma acuminatum is one of the clinical manifestations of papillomavirus infection. The classical histopathological features are already known and do not constitute a diagnostic problem. Clinically, it has been classified into growth or proliferative, full-expression, and regressive or persistent phases, with the histopathological aspects of these distinct phases being well documented in equine cutaneous papillomas. We have designed a protocol of histopathological analysis in order to investigate the possibility of identifying the evolutional phases in human condylomata acuminata. Sixty condylomata acuminata from the files of the Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal Fluminense, were studied regarding koilocytosis, paraceratosis, acantosis, basal cell hyperplasia and mononuclear cell infiltrate. After an individual analysis and comparison of the cases, the main differential aspects of condyloma acuminatum were: koilocytosis, transepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate and basal cell hyperplasia. Thus, condylomatous lesions can be histopathological differentiated in three major patterns: proliferative, viral replication activity and regressive.

Condylomata Acuminata↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Oral hairy leukoplakia: histopathologic features of subclinical stage].

Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is one of the most common oral manifestations of AIDS, with diagnostic and prognostic value. OHL is associated to the Epstein-Barr virus and presents clinical and histological defined characteristics. There have already been reports about a subclinical stage of OHL, although they lacked histopathologic characterization. The present study had the aim to describe the histopathological characteristics of subclinical hairy leukoplakia, as well as to carry out a comparative analysis between clinical and subclinical OHL. For that, 11 cases were analyzed--5 biopsies from patients who presented with the lesion and 6 samples from the borders of tongues obtained in necropsies. The histopathological findings in subclinical OHL were: absence of parakeratosis and papillomatosis, mild acanthosis, ballooning cells and nuclear alterations. In situ hybridization and immunostaining were positive for EBV in the nuclear alterations identified in the histopathological analysis. Based on the identification of EBV in the nuclear alterations, it was possible to conclude that subclinical OHL, similarly to the clinical lesion, presents histopathological features that are specific and sufficient to establish the definitive diagnosis, regardless of the identification of the virus.

Adult↗