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E P Espaze

Publications and source records attributed to E P Espaze.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[In vitro kinetics of the activity of fusidic acid and fluoroquinolones combinations against staphylococci according to methicillin-resistance phenotype. Implications for the treatment of osteoarticular infections].

The kinetics of the effect of fusidic acid and of two fluoropiperazinyl quinolones (ofloxacin and pefloxacin), used alone or in combination, on ten methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococci were studied. Little or no bactericidal effects were seen with fusidic acid. With ofloxacin and pefloxacin, the bactericidal effect was delayed and occurred only with high concentrations. Used in combination, fusidic acid and the fluoroquinolones exhibited no synergistic effects and occasionally antagonized each other in vitro. The methicillin-resistance phenotype of organisms had no influence on results.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Isolation of Listeria from French meat products.

One hundred and ten Listeria strains were recovered from 378 meat samples: L. monocytogenes (68 strains), L. innocua (45) and L. welshimeri (7). L. monocytogenes isolates mainly belonged to serogroup 1/2 (1/2: 23 strains; 1/2b: 1; 1/2c: 43; 4b: 1). These results contrast those observed for 355 human strains isolated during the same period in France where serovar 4b strains were largely predominant (66.5%). 45% of the strains were phage typable. These results underline the widespread occurrence of Listeria in meat products.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

An epidemiological survey of human listeriosis in France during 1987, using serotyping and phage typing.

During 1987 the French National Reference Center for Listeria received, from this country, 384 Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from human listeriosis cases. A constant exchange of information and strains between the Reference Center and the Bacterial Ecology Unit of the Institute Pasteur of Paris allowed complete characterization of these isolates, using serotyping and phage typing. Among the strains studied 22%, 13% and 63%, respectively belonged to serovars 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b, but this distribution can vary according to place, and time of isolation. Only 58% of strains were phage-typeable (1/2a: 29%), (1/2b: 66%) and (4b: 40%). Phage typing allows to consider that French human cases, in 1987, were mainly sporadic. However, a small number of cases corresponding to similar phage types could be clustered according to place and/or time.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1988

Antibiotic susceptibilities of Listeria: in vitro studies.

Although Listeria is a rather susceptible bacterium, most antibiotics exert a bacteriostatic effect on Listeria monocytogenes. Except for fosfomycin, antibiotic susceptibilities are similar among the species of the genus Listeria. In vitro, bactericidal effect is often achieved by the use of antibiotic combinations. The most commonly used combinations are ampicillin with aminoglycosides. Up until now, there has been no trend towards reduced susceptibility of Listeria to antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

[Sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta-lactam antibiotics. Apropos of 338 strains isolated at the Regional Hospital Center at Nantes in 1984].

The MIC of 338 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated in 1984, in a French hospital, was determined by an agar dilution method, using seven beta-lactam antibiotics: ticarcillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, cefsulodin and ceftazidime. The MIC50-MIC90 were respectively: 32-64, 8-32, 8-16, 8-16, 16-64, 4-16, 2-4 mg/l. Ticarcillin was the most frequently effective compound (95% of the strains were susceptible), 90% of the strains were susceptible to ceftazidime or piperacillin, 87% to azlocillin and 84% to cefsulodin. Cefoperazone and ceftriaxone were much less effective (43% and 19% of the strains, respectively). The study of the resistance patterns showed a higher percentage (80%) of strains susceptible to all the penicillins than the percentage of strains susceptible to cephalosporins, most of them however were susceptible to both cefsulodin and ceftazidime. It also showed the relatively low frequency of resistant strains by inducible cephalosporinase or decreased permeability. Serovar 0.12 was characterized by its multi-resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

[New species of the genus Listeria: Listeria seeligeri].

Listeria seeligeri is a recently described species which shares 28% to 1% DNA relatedness with the other species of the genus Listeria. G + C% content of the type strain is 36. Peptidoglycan type (variation A1 gamma) as well as teichoic acids are identical to those found in L. monocytogenes. L. seeligeri can be easily distinguished from the other species using the following markers: hemolysis (CAMP-tests with Staphylococcus aureus and Rhodococcus equi) and acid production from D-xylose, L-rhamnose and alpha-methyl-D-mannoside. No specific antigen allow to characterize L. seeligeri strains which belong to serogroups 1/2 (81%), 4 (12%) and 6 (6%). 85% of these strains proved to be phage typable. So far, more than 100 strains were isolated, mainly in Europe, from environment and animal healthy carriers. Unless one case of meningitis in human, strains of this species are experimentally non virulent.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of the activity of antibiotics against Listeria. Therapeutic perspectives].

The activity of different antibiotics was considered by studying the results reported in literature and during the IXth International Symposium on the Problems of Listeriosis. Listeria susceptibility to antibiotics did not change. Ampicillin was always one of the most effective and used antibiotics against Listeria. The association with an aminoglycoside produced a synergistic effect, which made the bactericidal activity quicker, in vitro as in vivo on animal. More recent molecules like third generation cephalosporins or fluoro-piperazinyl-quinolones had poor activity against Listeria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

In vitro susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes to some antibiotics and their combinations.

The Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated during recent years in our hospital have been tested for in vitro susceptibility against eleven antibiotics. The following tests were used: antibiotics discs method on Mueller-Hinton agar, determination of MICs by agar dilution method, study of the bactericidal potency of antibiotics combinations. Antibiotic discs method gives some too optimistic results, not confirmed by the MICs determined with agar dilution method. Ther are a few antibiotics used alone which are bactericidal upon Listeria monocytogenes at the concentration reached with usual therapeutic doses, and none regularly bactericidal. Bêtalactam-aminoglycoside combinations are the most effective ones but the ones involving gentamicin are more bactericidal than the ones involving streptomycin. Pristinamycin-aminoglycoside combinations have interesting activities and might be used as an alternative to betalactam-aminoglycoside ones in some peculiar and restricted indications. The other tested combinations are antagonistic or without interest.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1975

[Study of the transferable factors of antibiotic resistance in the enterobacteria isolated at the Regional Hospital Center of Nantes].

Characteristics of transferable resistance of 72 entero-bacteriaceae resistant to one more antibiotic, isolated from February to September 1972, showed that this was common. Multi-resistant strains permit one to obtain transfer of various characteristics either alone or together in 76 per cent of cases, whereas strains with less than three characteristics, transferred in only 9 per cent of cases. The transfers were uncommon in the case of Proteus compared with other enterobacteriaceae and, in particular, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Salmonella.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antibiotic sensitivity of 139 strains of Listeria serotyped by the National Reference Center in 1983].

The susceptibility of 139 strains of Listeria towards eight antibiotics--penicillin, ampicillin, cephalotin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, erythromycin and pefloxacin--was studied. All strains were susceptible to all antibiotics except pefloxacin. The lowest MIC (less than or equal to 0.5 mg/l) were obtained with penicillin, ampicillin, gentamicin and erythromycin. For tetracycline, cephalotin and chloramphenicol, MIC ranged from 0.5 to 16 mg/l. The MIC of pefloxacin varied from 4 to 16 mg/l.

Ampicillin↗