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Biomedical subjects

E P Lofgren

Publications and source records attributed to E P Lofgren.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

Surgical treatment of cavernous hemangioma.

Congenital cavernous hemangioma of the lower extremity is a form of congenital angioplastic dysplasia involving the venous trunks and capillaries. Although elastic support offers good symptomatic control, surgical removal of large, abnormal, superficial veins and ligation of incompetent perforators may be of definite additional benefit in carefully selected cases. Also, surgical excision of thrombosed veins, eroding cutaneous veins, and localized cavernous hemangiomas will lessen the chronic disability caused by this venous anomaly. But before any surgical treatment is undertaken, it must be determined that the deep venous system is adequate.

Adolescent↗

Leg ulcers. Symptom of an underlying disorder.

Leg ulcers are almost always due to an underlying disorder that must be recognized and controlled if progression or recurrence is to be prevented. Venous insufficiency is by far the most common cause, with arterial insufficiency being the second most frequent. If a leg ulcer is managed as a venous ulcer, treatment will be effective 90% of the time. Biopsy and culture are required if the ulcer is of unknown cause, is unusual in appearance, or does not respond promptly to treatment.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

Chronic venous insufficiency.

Chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremity is a clinically recognized syndrome commonly found in the adult population; it is due to a disturbance of the venous outflow, most often as a result of venous valve insufficiency. In some persons it appears to be an inherent progressive degenerative disorder, and in others, a result of thrombophlebitis in the leg veins. Superficial venous insufficiency is benefited by surgical treatment, whereas deep venous insufficiency is controlled by means of elastic compression, elevation of the legs, and exercising of the leg muscles.

Adult↗

The surgical treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis.

Of 3,941 patients who underwent varicose vein surgery from 1968 through 1978, 163 had superficial thrombophlebitis, a common complication of varicose veins. Superficial thrombophlebitis was more frequently found in the older age groups. The incidence of occurrence (three women to one man) was identical to that of the overall group operated on for varicose veins. Twenty-two percent of the patients had thrombophlebitis that extended into the saphenous vein at or near the saphenofemoral juncture. Superficial thrombophlebitis was more frequently located in the varicosities below the knee instead of above the knee. The prolonged duration of superficial thrombophlebitis and the recurrent attacks suggest that thrombophlebitis can be chronic, recurrent, or subacute and may remain a threat as long as the varicosities are present. Review of these 163 patients, 161 of whom have been followed up from 1 to 12 years (average 5 years), who were consecutively treated by surgical excision of the thrombosed segments, with excision or stripping of the remaining varicosities, underscores the clinical impression that the surgical removal of the thrombosed vein segments and the associated varicosities shortens the convalescence and mitigates against later recurrence. This form of treatment was accomplished without death or significant morbidity, except for two patients who had clinical suspect nonfatal minor pulmonary emboli during the postoperative hospital period. Prophylactic anticoagulants were used in most patients. Surgical removal of the varicosities with excision of the thrombosed veins is currently our preferred treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis in otherwise healthy patients.

Adult↗

Clinically suspect pulmonary embolism after vein stripping.

Clinically suspect but nonfatal pulmonary embolism followed vein surgery in 16 of 4,080 patients operated on over a 10-year period from 1962 to 1971, an incidence of 0.39%. The presence of superficial thrombophlebitis, previous or recent thromboembolic disease, or chronic deep venous insufficiency was a statistically significant factor in patients who had embolism. Prophylactic postoperative anticoagulant treatment in those with a thrombotic background appears justified.

Adult↗

Alternatives in the management of varices.

When surgical treatment of varicose veins is not indicated or is withheld because of associated problems of greater magnitude, other therapeutic measures may be considered. These include elastic support, elevation of the legs, exercise to strengthen the calf musculature, and sclerotherapy. Each of these measures, independently or in combination, provides considerable relief of signs and symptoms of the venous problems in many patients. In difficult venous stasis problems in which the optimal treatment remains in doubt, a therapeutic trial of elastic support is safe and often helpful in defining the role of chronic venous insufficiency in the patient's symptom complex.

Bandages↗