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Biomedical subjects

E Păuşescu

Publications and source records attributed to E Păuşescu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Allergic nephritis prevention by prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha.

The effects of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on renal lesions induced by an anti-rat serum were investigated in rats. It was found that these prostaglandins, administered concomitantly with the antiserum, were able to prevent or remarkably attenuate these lesions. A very interesting finding is that, after prostaglandin administration, no or insignificant morphological alterations of the kidney occurred, in spite of the fact that its mononuclear cell infiltration was somewhat persistent. Hence, in addition to the known effects of these prostaglandins on the immune response components, the blockade of cellular receptors for immunoglobulins is to be considered as a main mechanism in explaining their preventive action in allergic nephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The protective action of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on antibody induced myocardial lesions: morphological studies.

Optic and electron microscopical investigations as well as histochemical investigations were performed in rats which have intraperitoneally received an anti-rat serum together with either PGE2 or PGF2 alpha, in order to study the effect of these prostaglandins on antibody-induced myocardial lesions. PGE2 and, especially, PGF2 alpha were found to considerably prevent the myocardium against these lesions (mononuclear cell infiltration, interstitial and intracellular hyperhydration, disintegration of myofibrils, vacuolization of sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial swelling and degradation, lysosomal activation and disruption of myocardial sarcolemmas and blood capillary membranes). Their protective actions were revealed in animals killed 24 h and 6 days after the administration of anti-rat immunoglobulins.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Endocrine mechanisms in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. III. Special reference on the interrelations between the prostaglandin and kallikrein-kinin systems.

In the present paper, the involvement of the renal kallikrein-kinin system in the pathogenic mechanism of essential hypertension is discussed in the larger framework of the complex hormonal actions of prostaglandins (PGs), catecholamines, renin and angiotensins in the long-term control of arterial blood pressure and sodium metabolism. An attempt is also made to emphasize the role of the cerebral renin-angiotensin system in this pathogenic mechanism. To better understand the problems raised in this paper, the concomitant consultation of two previously published papers [88], [89] is recommended.

18-Hydroxydesoxycorticosterone↗
PubMed1981

The metabolism of the preserved heart. I. Does lactate properly reflect the functional state of the preserved heart? Part one.

Since there are controversial data and opinions on the use of lactate as a viability test for preserved hearts, investigations were carried out of the variations of lactate and pyruvate amounts in the perfusion fluid during hypothermic preservation of canine hearts by means of a perfusion fluid containing amino acids in "cytoplasmic" concentrations. These variations were interpreted in connection with the changes in the coronary perfusion flow during storage and the functional performances of the preserved hearts during long periods of subsequent ex vivo functional testing. Likewise, investigations of the ability of the myocardial mitochondria to oxidize in vitro lactate and pyruvate at low temperature levels were performed in order to explain the nature of the impairment in using these metabolic substrates during preservation and of the functional cardiac disturbances after resuscitation. The investigations have led to the conclusion that lactate should not be used as the sole index of heart storage efficiency and that it gains in significance only when a high myocardial lactate production is associated with a progressively increasing resistance in the coronary vasculature during preservation. The possible metabolic significance of the results obtained in these investigations are amply discussed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

Comparative experimental study of myocardial energy metabolism during ventricular workload induced by chronic stenoses of ascendent aorta and pulmonary artery.

In this paper, an attempt was made to describe the alterations of the myocardial energy metabolism following moderate stenoses of aorta or pulmonary artery. Biochemical investigations regarding the main high energy phosphates and a large series of dehydrogenases in the myocardium of the overloaded ventricles have revealed the following facts: (1) the myocardial CP-CPK system appears to be more labile than the myocardial AMP-ATP system in response to a ventricular overload; (2) the changes in the amounts of myocardial high energy phosphates seem to be more important in the right chronic cardiac overload than in the left one; (3) before the overloaded ventricle becomes insufficient, the myocardial dehydrogenase system elicits no alteration, suggesting that the oxidative phosphorylation is not affected; (4) there is a closer relationship between the coronary flow and pressure and the myocardial energy metabolism than that existing between this metabolism and the tension of the myocardial fibres following a persistent increase in the systemic arterial resistance.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1978

Role of the vagus nerves and catecholamines in the production mechanism of the myocardial failure induced by arteriovenous fistulas.

Myocardial adenine nucleotides (nicotinamide adenine nucleotides included), glutathione, catecholamines (DOPA, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline) and some enzymes in correlation were investigated in dogs with cardiac failure induced by bilateral iliac arteriovenous fistulas, and unilateral (left) heart vagotomy was also studied for its influence on the changes in the myocardial amounts of these compounds occuring in this pathological circumstance. The cardiac failure in arteriovenous fistula was characterized by the following myocardial metabolic aspects: (I) no change in the amount of proteins (although an important cardiac hypertrophy was present); (II) decreases in the amounts of adenine nucleotides (especially ADP and ATP), without significant variations in the adenosine concentration, accompanied by increases in the concentrations of nicotinamide adenine nucleotides (in both their oxidized and reduced forms) in the heart mitochondria; (III) no change in the amounts of oxidized and reduced glutathione and in the activity of NADH2-dependent glutathione reductase; (IV) a very significant increase in the activity of MAO without significant influences on the levels of the studied catecholamines. The partial vagal denervation of the heart was found to attenuate substantially the changes in the amounts of adenine nucleotides and nicotinamide adenine nucleotides in the myocardial mitochondria and to facilitate the action of MAO on noradrenaline leading to a significant decrease in its myocardial level.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1977

Effects of cobalt-60 gamma-irradiation in association with prostaglandin E1 treatment on the cyclic AMP levels of some radiosensitive tissues.

The amounts of cyclic AMP in brain, liver and intestinal mucosa have been measured in rats, at constant intervals, up to 18 days after whole-body exposure to either a unique moderate dose (500 rd) or a unique lethal dose (750 rd) of cobalt-60 gamma-radiation in association with a preliminary intraperitoneally treatment with prostaglandin E1 (5 microgram/100 g body weight/day) during five days. The amounts of tissular cyclic AMP in these two experimental groups were compared with those obtained from control groups identically irradiated or treated with prostaglandin E1. The effects of gamma-irradiation and prostaglandin E1 treatment on the cyclic AMP levels were found to be quite specific in these organs, suggesting that they contain different adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase systems: a cerebral system which is influenced by both gamma-radiation and prostaglandin E1, a hepatic system which is "radioresistant" and an intestinal system which is not influenced by prostaglandin E1. When associated with gamma-radiation, this prostaglandin is capable, on the one hand, to annul the "radioresistance" of the hepatic cyclic AMP system and, on the other hand, to annul the "radiosensitivity" of the intestinal cyclic AMP system.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Early biochemical disorders in hindlimb muscles following femoral artery stenosis in dogs: oxidative metabolism.

An approach to explain the early metabolic disturbances induced by a moderate ischaemia on the basis of comparative biochemical investigations concerning the oxidative metabolism in the skeletal muscles, is the object of the present paper. These investigations have revealed the following findings: (i) during a slight ischaemia the skeletal muscle maintains its ability to oxidize in vitro lactate and exhibits an increased activity in oxidizing pyruvate, succinate and L-glutamate, and (ii) the stores of adenosine and ATP are depleted and an important accumulation of inorganic phosphate, accompanied by a remarkable activation of phosphatases, occurs in the ischaemic muscle, while no significant changes in the ATPase and creatine phosphokinase activities and in the amount of AMP, ADP and creatine phosphate are detectable in this muscle.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1976

Endogenous biochemical factors affecting the efficiency of some radioprotective or radiosensitizing drugs: sulfhydryl groups and lipid peroxides.

The changes in the amounts of blood and tissular sulfhydryl groups and lipid peroxides were investigated in lethally gamma-irradiated rats treated with cystamine, AET (radioprotectors) or alpha-methyl-dopa (a radiosensitizer). The results of experiments revealed the following findings: 1. The ionizing radiation generally causes increases in the levels of tissular sulfhydryl groups and lipid peroxides (excepting the hepatic levels of these compounds). 2. AET and, especially, cystamine are able to reverse the radiation-induced changes in the tissular amounts of sulfhydryl groups and lipid peroxides; there are close relationships between this effect (including its intensity and extension) and the radioprotective action of these drugs. 3. In spite of its radiosensitizing action, alpha-methyl-dopa induces approximately similar changes in the tissular amounts of sulfhydryl groups and lipid peroxides, suggesting that biochemical processes other than an excessive yield of free radicals are also involved in radiosensitivity.

Animals↗