PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to E Pedersen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Relation between flexor spasms, uninhibited detrusor contractions and anal sphincter activity.

The time relation between flexor spasms, detrusor contractions and anal sphincter activity was recorded in a consecutive series of 111 patients with hyperreflexic bladder and flexor spasms. In 76 of the patients flexor spasms were preceded by detrusor contractions. The opposite pattern, namely detrusor contractions preceded by flexor spasms, was seen in only nine patients. The anal sphincter activity was generally increased in relation to detrusor contractions in patients with spinal lesions but decreased in patients with cerebral lesions. The treatment of flexor spasms and uninhibited detrusor contractions is discussed on the basis of this mutual relationship.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Oral hygiene instruction in general dental practice by means of self-teaching manuals.

The present study evaluates the applicability of delivering oral hygiene instruction to patients in general dental practice by means of self-educational programs. Patients (55) seeking dental treatment in 3 general dental practices in Denmark were divided at random into a conventional professional instruction group (C) in which each individual received personal instruction by the dentist and a self-instruction group (S), in which the patients were given self-educational programs. In order to evaluate the effect of the 2 types of instruction, the presence or absence of dento-gingival plaque and gingival bleeding by probing was recorded prior to the instruction and after 3 and 6 months. The patient of the self-instruction group (S) answered a questionnaire about the treatment 1 week after they had received the self-instruction program. An identical improvement in oral hygiene and gingival health was recorded in both treatment groups after 3 and 6 months. This finding indicates, that the self-educational programs were as effective in changing the oral hygiene habits of the patients as was personal oral hygiene instruction by dental personnel. The answers of the patients to the post-treatment questionnaire reflected a favorable attitude towards the use of self-educational programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hodgkin's disease in patients with previous infectious mononucleosis.

Patients with a positive reaction to the Paul-Bunnell test in the period 1961-72 were identified at nine different laboratories in Norway and matched against cases of malignant lymphoma registered at the Cancer Registry of Norway in the period 1961-75. Among 5,840 patients having a positive Paul-Bunnell test a total of six developed malignant lymphoma, three of these more than 1 year after the positive Paul-Bunnell test. The expected number of malignant lymphoma was 2.04. Of the six lymphoma cases, five were classified as Hodgkin's disease (HD). The present investigation agrees well with the findings of other epidemiological studies. There seems to be a small excess in incidence of HD among patients with previous infectious mononucleosis (IM), but both diagnostic problems and possible confounding factors must be taken into account before a possible causal association is considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Mode of action of dantrolene sodium in spasticity.

The mode of action of dantrolene sodium was studied in 11 multiple sclerosis patients with spastic paresis of the legs by measurements of changes in electromyographic and mechanomyographic proprioceptive reflex responses and in voluntary power. Dantrolene sodium 0.5 mg per kg body weight given intravenously clearly reduced monosynaptic reflex twitch tension, but voluntary power only moderately so. The electromyographic reflex responses were unchanged or slightly increased. The mode of action of the drug on spindle function is discussed on the basis of the present findings and the literature. It is concluded that dantrolene sodium does not reduce spindle stretch sensitivity, but probably reduces activity in group II and tonic 1a afferent fibers.

Dantrolene↗
PubMed1979

Counting of flexor spasms.

A method is described which is able to convert muscular contraction to a top, which can be counted electronically or visually. Such contractions are found much more frequently in patients with flexor spasms than in normal subjects during studies over 6-9 hours during the night. The method is of value in long-term recording, in evaluating antispastic therapy and in analyzing factors influencing flexor spasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of dantrolene sodium on the spastic external urethral sphincter recorded by sphincterometry.

An improved method of sphincterometry is described, which is easy to perform in men and also may be used in women. It gives reproducible results in the individual patient. The maximum pressure was found by radiographic and reflexological examinations of the external urethral sphincter. When 0.5 mg./kg. body weight dantrolene sodium was injected intravenously the resistance of the external urethral sphincter was found to be reduced significantly, presumably reflecting a reduction of reflex activity.

Dantrolene↗
PubMed1978

Human anal reflexes.

By perianal electrical stimulation and EMG recording from the external anal sphincter the anal reflex was constantly present in normal subjects. The latency decreased within certain limits with increasing stimulation to an average minimum latency of 50 ms (SD 10.5). There was no difference between the minimum latency in normal subjects and patients with suprasegmental lesions of the CNS. The latency may be prolonged in patients with lesion of the reflex arc. By stimulation over the posterior tibial nerve behind the medial malleolus a reflex reaction could be picked up constantly from the anal sphincter in normal subjects. This reflex had a longer latency but a lower threshold than the reflex reaction from the tibialis anterior muscle. The average minimum latency from the anal sphincter was 93 ms (SD 21.1) and from the tibialis anterior muscle 64 ms (SD 7.9). In the absence of the anal reflex it may be possible to localise the defect to the afferent or efferent parts of the reflex by using types of stimulation. Preliminary studies of spinal shock revealed a perianally elicited anal reflex in all cases, but also a response to peripheral stimulation in some of the cases, more frequently found in the anal sphincter than in the tibialis anterior muscle.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1977

Stimulation frequency and visually evoked scalp potentials with brief flashes of light.

Recording of the visually evoked scalp potential (VESP) elicited with flash stimulation was completed in six subjects presenting with normal vision. From the four separate signals recorded over the visual cortex, it was concluded that stimulation frequency affects some of the components of the VESP. Accordingly, in studies of the VESP character, the influence of stimulation frequency is a critical factor which must be taken into account when analyzing the resultant activity.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1976

Liver biopsies in epileptics during anticonvulsant therapy.

Liver function tests, performed in 11 epileptics under antiepileptic treatment for 10-35 years, showed a slight increase in serum alanine amino-transferase in six patients and a marked increased level of serum alkaline phosphatases in four. Liver biopsies revealed few uni- or paucicellular necroses in five patients. Granulomatous hepatitis was found in one patient in whom sarcoidosis was later diagnosed. None of the biopsies showed signs of permanent liver damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Clonus depression by propranolol.

Propranolol administered i.v. to spastic patients was found to be capable of depressing clonus. The drug exerts its action on the spinal cord but does not influence dynamic spindle activity or alpha-motoneurone activity as tested by the T (Achilles tendon) and H reflexes. It may disinhibit the tonic stretch reflex. Thus, clonus is dependent not only on dynamic spindle activity but also on another, probably inhibitory, mechanism.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Central effect of bladder filling and voiding.

In normal subjects and in patients with spasticity and/or urological complaints changes in somatic muscle reflexes associated with filling of the urinary bladder were observed. Two different patterns of reflex changes occurred. One pattern was associated with easy initiation of voiding: it consisted of increasing H and T reflexes and decreasing flexor reflexes with concomitant decreasing sphincter muscle activity. The other pattern was associated with difficulty in initiation of voiding: it consisted of increasing flexor relfexes including sphincter muscle activity and decreasing H and T reflexes. The importance of these reflex patterns in disturbances of micturition is discussed. During voiding, decreasing flexor relfexes with increasing H and T reflexes occur as the general pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Macrophage-lymphocyte clusters in the immune response to soluble protein antigen in vitro.

We have studied the physical interaction between macrophages and lymphocytes during the immune response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) in vitro. Mixtures of peritoneal macrophages and lymph node lymphocytes from guinea pigs immunized with tubercle bacilli formed cell clusters during 20 h of culture with PPD. The number of clusters produced was correlated to the number of immune lymphocytes in the cultures. Peritoneal macrophages which had been pulsed with PPD and untreated lymph node lymphocytes produced cell clusters in the absence of free PPD in numbers equivalent to those produced by the same cells in the presence of free PPD. In cultures containing a mixture of PPD-pulsed macrophages, not-pulsed macrophages, and immune lymphocytes with no free PPD, cell clusters developed mainly between the antigen-pulsed macrophages and lymphocytes. Cluster formation was antigen-specific with the specificity residing in the lymphocytes, mainly or exclusively in the T lymphocytes. These data indicate that in the process of cell cluster formation macrophages serve as antigen-binding (or -processing) cells, while a subpopulation of lymphocytes interact physically and specifically with the macrophages.

Animals↗