Auditory biofeedback used to enhance convergence insufficiency therapy.
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Acoustic Stimulation↗
Biomedical subjects
E Peli
Publications and source records attributed to E Peli.
Control of vertically polarized glare.
Reflected glare often interferes with vision. Since such glare is usually polarized it can be controlled with polarizers. The use of polarized filters to eliminate vertically polarized glare from blackboards and glossy printed material is presented. Practical means for the construction of such filters are discussed.
Eyeglasses↗
Study of eccentric fixation with secondary visual feedback.
Secondary visual feedback (2VFB) is a visual signal derived from continuous measurement of eye position and provides an extra artificial indication of the point of gaze. 2VFB may be eccentrically displaced and subjects are able to visually superimpose 2VFB onto a visual target signal and thus achieve and maintain eccentric fixation. Initial transient patterns of movement depend upon training but even naive subjects can achieve eccentric fixation within the first 40 s of such a task. Individual strategies and idiosyncratic patterns are exaggerations of normal control and fixational eye movements. The variance of maintained fixation increases with eccentricity and appears to be related to visual acuity as well as to precision of ocular motor control.
Biofeedback, Psychology↗
Latency of peripheral saccades.
Displaying the point of gaze to the observer in addition to a point target provides a secondary visual feedback (2VFB). Eccentric fixation is achieved using a biased 2VFB to yield an experimentally imposed "eccentric fovea." The target is suddenly moved to a new position and the task is to regain it, in the "eccentric fovea". It is found that the pattern of eye-movement response consistently starts with saccadric foveal exploration of the target, but its latency has twice the duration of a regular voluntary saccade. Practice, however, makes for the shortened latency tending asymptotically to the regular saccadic duration.
Eye Movements↗
Electro-optic fundus imaging.
Fundus imaging and photography are cornerstones of modern ophthalmic practice. The recent developments in electro-optic and computer imaging technology resulted in many improvements in the acquisition and analysis of fundus images, which already are being used in commercial fundus imaging systems. This paper reviews the basic aspects of the electro-optic methods for fundus imaging, with emphasis on the differences between these new techniques and conventional, film-based, fundus photography. Potential benefits of these systems in image acquisition, archival, communication, processing, and quantitative analysis, as as well as their current advantages and shortcomings are discussed.
Fundus Oculi↗
Pursuit eye movements in late-onset esotropia.
Horizontal, smooth pursuit eye movements were recorded from adults and children with infantile and late-onset esotropia using a remote, video-based, eye-movement recording system. Each subject monocularly tracked a 0.5-degree target moving back and forth on a video monitor at a constant velocity of 10 degrees, over a range of 12 degrees. Each subject's nasal and temporal gain (eye velocity/target velocity) was measured. Confirming the results of previous studies, we found that infantile esotropes had asymmetrical pursuit eye movements (nasal gain greater than temporal gain) while late-onset esotropes had symmetrical gains. However, unlike previous investigators, we found that half of the late-onset esotropes had impaired pursuit gain. The magnitude of the pursuit abnormality and the amount of refractive error were correlated--patients with the highest refractive error had the lowest pursuit gain.
Adult↗