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Biomedical subjects

E Peritz

Publications and source records attributed to E Peritz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Estimated number of loci for autosomal recessive severe nerve deafness within the Israeli Jewish population, with implications for genetic counseling.

Deafness occurs in about 1 per thousand live births, and at least 50% of congenital deafness is hereditary. The aim of this study was to examine the number of loci for recessively inherited severe nerve deafness of early onset within the Israeli population and to compare the results to those obtained in other populations. The Jewish population in Israel originates from many countries and may be divided into Sephardi, Eastern and Ashkenazi Jews, and the matings will be intraethnic or interethnic. Data were obtained on 133 deaf couples who lived in the Tel Aviv area, through the files of the Helen Keller Center. Causes of deafness in the spouses were studied and data on their children were obtained. Among 111 couples who had recessive or possibly recessive deafness and had at least 1 child, there were 12 with only deaf children and 5 with both deaf and hearing children. The number of loci for recessive deafness in the whole group was estimated at 8-9. Intraethnic and interethnic matings gave an estimate of 6.7 and 22.0 loci, respectively, which indicates that within populations fewer loci exist with recessive mutations for deafness than between populations. It could be shown that the sharing of loci between spouses decreased with increasing geographical distance of their origin. The results provide data for genetic counseling in Israel for deaf couples who have no children or have one hearing or one deaf child.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1988

An epidemiologic study of mortality among bereaved parents.

To study the health consequences of parental bereavement, we compared the mortality in two groups of bereaved Israeli parents with that in the general population. One cohort comprised the parents of all 2518 soldiers 18 to 40 years of age who were killed during the Yom Kippur War in 1973. The second consisted of the parents of 1128 men 18 to 30 years of age who died in accidents between 1971 and 1975. Both groups were followed through 1983. The comparison population was the entire population of Jewish Israelis for which sex-, age-, and calendar year-specific mortality rates were available. The 10-year age-adjusted life-table mortality was higher among fathers whose sons died in accidents rather than in war (P = 0.045), but mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups of mothers. Overall, we found no excess mortality among the bereaved parents as compared with the general population. The standardized mortality ratios for the fathers and mothers of sons killed at war were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively; for fathers and mothers whose sons died by accident, they were 1.04 and 0.91, respectively. None were significantly different from unity. There was no consistent evidence of an elevated risk of death, early or late, after the loss. Widowed and divorced parents who lost a son did have increased mortality, which was statistically significant in mothers. Our findings provide no support for the hypothesis that the loss of an adult son is associated with increased short-term or long-term mortality in married parents.

Accidents↗
PubMed1985

Rates of sickness absenteeism among employees of a modern hospital: the role of demographic and occupational factors.

Sickness absenteeism, of hospital employees particularly, is a problem of concern due to its negative economic and morale impacts. The aim of the first stage of the study was to identify according to some demographic (sex, age, marital status) and occupational (occupational group, duration of hospital employment) variables those groups of hospital employees who are at higher risk of sickness absenteeism. A comparison with the data of the study performed in the same hospital about 15 years ago showed a rise in the duration of absences with a simultaneous reduction in their incidence. Sickness absenteeism was higher among female, mainly unskilled, workers, presently or previously married, aged from 45 to 60, and employed in the hospital for over ten years. Continuous social and medical surveillance of these employees is suggested as a promising way of reducing sickness absenteeism.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1984

Berkson's bias revisited.

When used in a loose manner to indicate distortive effects on associations among hospitalized patients, the term Berkson's bias denotes a special case of Simpson's paradox. If, however, Berkson's independence assumption is introduced, Berkson's bias affects only the "selected" subjects and not those "left behind" and tends to decrease the odds-ratio. Generally speaking, the model is valid not only for case-control studies but also for prospective and other investigations. By introducing a time dimension the model allows for the study of changes over time in Berkson's bias.

Biometry↗
PubMed1979

A community health study in Jerusalem. Design and response.

A longitudinal community health study was commenced in a neighborhood of western Jerusalem in 1969. Its main aims were the investigation of etiologic factors in selected common diseases and disabilities, the development and testing of epidemiologic tools for use in community diagnosis, the provision of a factual basis for decisions concerning community health care for the population studied, and the use of the findings in an evaluation of the effectiveness of community health care. In the first round, 90% of residents 25 or more years old were interviewed and 81% were examined. Among children under 15 years of age, the corresponding rates were 94 and 83%. Response was low among persons in the age range 15 to 24 years, especially males. People who were concerned about their health were readier to be examined. Response was not related to region of birth, education or other variables. The possible bias introduced by nonresponse appeared to be small except in the age group 15 to 24 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A case-control study of Hodgkin's disease in Israel.

Jewish residents of Israel in 1960-72 with Hodgkin's disease (HD) were compared with controls drawn from the general population. The controls were individually matched by sex, age, origin, and date of immigration. The comparison showed a significant association between HD and parental consanguinity and pointed to the possible etiologic role of recessive inheritance. Females with HD tended to have a lower parity than did their controls. Associations between HD and a high educational level and the presence of a flush toilet in the childhood home were significant and gave limited support to the hypothesis that a high standard of living in childhood increases the risk of subsequent HD. Tonsillectomy and a history of work with wood or trees were significantly associated with mixed cellularity but not with other histologic subtypes. Differences between patients with HD and controls with respect to cigarette smoking, exposure to animals, marital status, previous blood transfusions or jaundice, contact with asbestos, residual or occupational mobility, or other characteristics were not significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The incidence of cervical cancer and duration of oral contraceptive use.

In a prospective study carried out on a cohort of 17,942 women belonging to the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan and living in suburban communities of the San Francisco Bay Area, a positive association was found between the incidence of cervical carcinoma and total duration of oral contraceptive use. The association was established while controlling for the effects of age, education, and selected infections. The association persists when incident cases of dysplasia are added to those of carcinoma. A further study, in which covariates relating to sexual behavior will also be taken into account, is in progress.

Adolescent↗