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Biomedical subjects

E Pessione

Publications and source records attributed to E Pessione.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Hospital infections in an emergency surgery ward].

A study was conducted on hospital infections in an emergency surgery ward. The survey lasted one year and confirmed the higher incidence of infections after contaminated and dirty operations. Rates of infection were also high after clean operations due to the large number of subjects at risk among the group examined. The most commonly encountered micro-organisms in the infections of surgical wounds were, in order, E. coli, Str. faecalis and Staph. aureus, the latter being only minimally responsive to the standard antibiotics. Several proposals are advanced for prophylaxis in the attempt to halt the circulation of strains with a multiple resistance to antibiotics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

[Variations in serum kininase II activity in acute jaundice].

An assay of Kininase II activity in the serum of 92 jaundice patients revealed a significant difference between the group with viral hepatitis (268.48 +/- 70.93 U/ml), that with biliary obstructions (133.05 +/- 37.64 U/ml) and with cirrhosis (173.76 +/- 79.56 U/ml). The increase encountered in patients with medical jaundice correlates well with total bilirubinaemia but not with cytolysis enzymes. This suggests failed demolition of ACE by the hepatocyte during cellular stress.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Enzymatic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus strains: a possible role of habitat and methicillin-resistance in the determination of the differences observed.

Twenty five strains of Staphylococcus aureus of human and environmental origin were tested for their enzymatic patterns. All human strains possessed acid phosphatase, while only 25% of the environmental staphylococci demonstrated acid phosphatase activity. In addition, the enzyme alpha-glucosidase was present only in the methicillin resistant-multiresistant strains, in spite of their origin. This work suggests a possible role of the enzyme on penicillin-binding protein mediated methicillin-resistance and stresses the importance of external habitat in the expression of enzymatic activity of bacteria. The enzymatic pattern may confirm or exclude cross-infection, when a single species, with uniformly antibiotic responses, is involved.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

[Postoperative monitoring of patients operated on for digestive tract neoplasms using tumor markers. Preliminary results].

The report analyses the comparative efficacy of three different tumour markers (CEA, GICA and TPA) in providing indications for the postoperative monitoring of patients treated for cancer of the digestive tract. Assessment of effectiveness of chemotherapy produced different results according to the site of the tumour (stomach, colon or pancreas). In the case of cancers of the pancreatic head, the influence of jaundice on the markers was also evaluated, to discover which marker provided most information on the tumour investigated.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

[Exogenous infections and environmental flora. Criteria for the characterization of bacteria and parameters influencing their spread].

An assessment was made of environmental micro-organisms isolated in the University of Turin Intensive Surgical Care Unit and Emergency Surgery Department to determine the possible exogenous origin of post-operative infections. The enzymatic characters and antibiotypes were determined for some species, and subsequently compared with similar characters of the "in vivo" isolated flora. A monthly disinfection method based on comparison among three antiseptic agents (chlorexidine, formaldehyde and formotetronium) considerably reduced the flora. The data obtained, while showing that most of the infections observed were endogenous, also provided indications on the way in which the spread of certain Gram-negative germs, often involved in post-operative and post-traumatic infections, could be contained.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1985

[Infusion and transfusion therapy in polytraumatized patients].

Considerations of a physiopathological nature are expressed with regard to haemorrhagic multiple-injury patients in the light of the experience acquired in first-aid practice at the University of Turin department of emergency surgery. While treatment of the basic injury is the key to therapy, sufficient infusion management and careful monitoring of coagulation parameters before and during transfusion may be of fundamental importance in survival. By the same token, not all blood products available can be used indiscriminately. A treatment and monitoring protocol for the reinstatement of volaemia and corpuscle mass, and for the correction of coagulopathy due to loss, consumption and wash-out is proposed.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1984

[Use of a single daily dose of tobramycin sulfate for the prevention of infections caused by the positioning of fixed drains in body cavities].

The clinical and bacterial efficiency of tobramycin sulphate administered once a day (150 mg/day) in the prevention of pleural cavity and bladder infections was evaluated by considering 30 surgical patients fitted with thoracostomic tubes or bladder catheters. Pleural cavity sterility was maintained in 74% of cases and bladder sterility was maintained or obtained in 100% of cases. These results confirm the success of the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnostic and prognostic value of the carcinoembryonic antigen in colonic cancer].

A group of 50 patients operated for carcinoma of the colon in June 1980-December 1981 with a follow-up period of min. 2 months-max. 15 months is presented. C.E.A. measurements were taken in all patients pre and post-operatively and then every 2 months in an attempt to establish its diagnostic and prognostic value. In immediate diagnostic and prognostic terms, pre-operative C.E.A. appears to be insignificant. However both pre-operative C.E.A. and C.E.A. at a distance of 6 months were found to be reliable for long term (max. 15 months) prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical use of a minicomputer in the evaluation of chemico-clinical parameters in the diagnosis of hepato-biliary-pancreatic diseases of surgical significance. 3 methods compared].

Bayes theorem; multivariance analysis, and the discriminating function of Mahalanobis applied to sixteen laboratory examinations employed in the diagnosis of diseases of the extrahepatic bile ducts and pancreas gave the following results: 1) the weight of each test was first measured in general terms, and then with regard to different levels of differentiation, with a classification in decreasing order in each case; 2) little redundancy was noted, and few examinations were of relatively negligible importance; furthermore, combinations of several tests did not lead to positive results; 3) reclassification according to the formula of Bayes and by means of the discriminating function proved sound supports for clinical decision, since they provided 70% and 80% of exact classification respectively; 4) the importance of the minicomputer in the construction of experimental diagnostic models was substantiated.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of composition of the culture media on the in vitro determination of the bacterial sensitivity to sulfonamides, trimethoprim and cotrimoxazole].

The difficulties concerning the interpretation of results of susceptibility tests to sulphonamides, trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole have been investigated. The zones of inhibition produced by discs containing these drugs are peculiar since frequently they contain a light bacterial growth and small colonies. Therefore the real sensitivity or resistance of the microorganism is questionable. Susceptibility tests performed on media of different composition, have shown that the phenomenon is chiefly due to the presence in the medium of thymidine and methionine. Both the substances are end-products of the metabolic pathway on which act sulphonamides, trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole. When they are in the medium, they can be available for the bacteria in spite of the inhibition caused by the mentioned drugs.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extraction, purification and characterization of ADH1 from the budding yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus.

The enzyme ADH1 has been extracted and purified from the budding yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus, and its enzymatic activity has been compared, with the ADH1 extracted and purified in the same way from the well known yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. K. marxianus ADH1 has an optimal temperature higher than the S. cerevisiae enzyme (45-50 degrees vs 35 degrees C), a better stability to pH variations in the oxidative reaction (pH optimum 7.5), a lower Michaelis constant for acetaldehyde, and a good catalytic activity both for fermentative and oxidative reactions. In fact, while in Saccharomyces the constants ratio (velocity constant fermentation/velocity constant oxidation) is about 20,000, in Kluyveromyces the same ratio is only 15. Even if these two Genera are quite related (they belong to the same subfamily) it seems that their ADH1s possess different catalytic properties.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Skull injuries in children. Clinico-statistical findings in patients of the pediatric ward of the Maria Vittoria Hospital 1979-1983].

The present review analyzes the available epidemiologic data referred to all cases of children head injuries admitted to the Pediatric Division of Maria Vittoria Hospital in the years from 1979 to 1983. In this survey the authors investigate "minor" head injuries, namely cases which do not require any neurosurgical act. The statistical research emphasizes an interesting linkage between head injury, its clinical, Rx. and EEG data, and children's age, as economic, social, familial situations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Frequency of methicillin resistance varies with conditions, in a population of staphylococci from a hospital environment].

The incidence of methicillin-resistant Strains is increasing in these last years. This increase is particularly evident in Strains isolated from hospital environments. In this work we evaluated the methicillin-resistance of 58 Staphylococcus Strains, isolated from a surgical intensive care ward, in various experimental conditions, which changing in: culture medium, inoculum, incubation period and antibiotic concentration. Besides this we took in consideration various factors which can influence the frequency of methicillin-resistance and can also lead to errors in the evaluation itself. From our study we can conclude that the factors are: survey "in vitro" of the resistance or of the sensitivity, exclusion or inclusion of staphylococci different from Staphylococcus aureus, double count of the same Strains isolated in different times.

Bacteriological Techniques↗