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E Pozio

Publications and source records attributed to E Pozio.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Venomous snake bites in Italy: epidemiological and clinical aspects.

From 1980 to 1984, a total of 2,329 people who alleged that they had been bitten by venomous snakes were admitted to 292 Italian hospitals having first aid stations. Three died. Most patients (62%) did not show any symptomatology of envenomation. The epidemiological and clinical aspects of 286 patients, out of 885 exhibiting signs and symptoms of snake bite envenomation, have been studied. The symptoms and signs were: oedema, gastro-intestinal symptoms, pain at the site of the bite, respiratory distress, leucocytosis, CNS depression, shock, fever, cyanosis, exanthema, ecchymoses, incoagulable blood, lymphangitis, melaena, thrombocytopenia, haematuria, and ophthalmoplegia. The bites were located only in the upper or lower limbs. Most were caused by Vipera aspis. The severity of envenomation of the 286 affected patients were: 45% minor, 30% mild, 14% moderate, 8% severe and 1% fatal. Most bites occurred in August. The commonest treatment before and during hospitalization was anti-venin.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Leishmania infantum sensu lato as an agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Abruzzi region (Italy).

The extreme difficulty of culturing in vitro parasites from Italian causes of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has so far been a handicap to their biochemical identification. A technique based on the "transient growth" of promastigotes originating from parasites visceralized in LHC inbred hamsters was used. Through this technique, promastigote extracts of seven Leishmania isolates from CL cases from the Abruzzi region were obtained. Isoenzyme profiles of these isolates and reference strains of L. tropica, L. major and L. infantum were compared using 11 enzymes (ASAT, PGM, GPI, 6PGD, G6PD, ME, MDH, MPI, IDH, NH1 and NH2). Six isolates differed from L. infantum in one enzyme only (NH1), and one isolate was indistinguishable from L. infantum for all enzymes tested.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Epidemiology of trichinosis in Italy: correlation between the wild cycle and man].

In Italy trichinellosis is a zoonosis caused by Trichinella nelsoni, with an exclusively sylvatic cycle involving wild and synanthropic animals (fox, wolf, stray dog, wild boar, foraging pig). The recent increase and diffusion of wild boar population in all Italy, have caused two human epidemic foci of trichinellosis involving about 100 persons in the years 1985-1986. The custom of eating fox meat have caused other human infections. The results of serological examinations of wild boar population showed the role played by this animal in the epidemiology of the disease. The examination of rodent population has pointed out the infection in these mammals (rat, porcupine). The epidemiological implications of wild cycle on man are reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Genetic differentiation of the Trichinella genus with isoenzymatic analysis].

Twenty-six Trichinella isolates have been examined by the isoenzyme typing of ten enzyme systems (LDH, ME, 6PGDH, G6PDH, GOT, AK, PGM, ACON, MPI, GPI). Four different zymodemes were obtained. All the examined isolates have shown an electrophoretic behaviour like one or other of four reference strains. The isolates from Italy and Yugoslavia have an electrophoretic mobility like T. nelsoni reference strain. The isolates from France, Holland, Great Britain, Poland and USA have an electrophoretic mobility like T. spiralis reference strain. For T. nativa and T. pseudospiralis we have tested only the reference strains. These results support the validity of the taxonomy of Trichinella genus in four good species.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Isoenzymatic typing of 23 Trichinella isolates.

Twenty-three Trichinella isolates have been examined by the isoenzyme typing of ten enzyme systems (LDH, ME, 6PGDH, G6PDH, GOT, AK, PGM, ACON, MPI, GPI). Four different zymodemes were obtained. All the examined isolates have shown an electrophoretic behaviour like one or other of four reference strains. The isolates from Italy and Yugoslavia have an electrophoretic mobility like T. nelsoni reference strain. The isolates from France, Holland, Poland and U.S.A. have an electrophoretic mobility like T. spiralis reference strain. For T. nativa and T. pseudospiralis we have only the reference strains. These results support the validity of the taxonomy of Trichinella genus in four good species.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Laboratory transmission of Leishmania infantum to Rattus rattus by the bite of experimentally infected Phlebotomus perniciosus.

The role of the sandfly species Phlebotomus perniciosus Parrot in laboratory transmission of Leishmania infantum was investigated. One of the wild reservoirs of the disease, the black rat (Rattus rattus), was used as vertebrate host. The parasite was transmitted by the bite of experimentally infected P. perniciosus to the black rat which, six months later, was infective to the same sandfly species. These experimental data confirm the role of P. perniciosus in the transmission of L. infantum, as suggested by earlier studies based on epidemiological data.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Canine leishmaniasis in Italy from 1910 to 1993].

Canine leishmaniasis has first been recorded in Italy by Basile (1910). Since then, many cases have been reported. In order to have a general picture of canine leishmaniasis distribution in Italy, from 1910 up to present times, we have collected all records of leishmaniotic dogs which have appeared in the literature, integrated by personal data. A map has been drawn, according to the origin of cases, showing: the present distribution of canine leishmaniasis in central and southern Italy and its islands; the persistence of canine leishmaniasis in some foci for the last 70 years or more; the increasing trend of new foci reports from the pre-war to present times. As opposed to the high diffusion of canine leishmaniasis there has been, in Italy, a marked reduction of human cases of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, a phenomenon which has been observed in other Mediterranean countries as well. Recent data on the epizoology of canine leishmaniasis are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[The genus Leishmania in Italy].

Seventy-four Leishmania isolates collected in Italy from six different Regions where leishmaniases are endemic, have been typed. Parasites have been isolated from: man (VL and CL), dog, black rat (Rattus rattus), fox (Vulpes vulpes) and geckoes (Tarentola mauritanica and Cyrtodactylus kotschyi). The isolates have been characterized by starch-gel electrophoresis for 9-16 enzymes whose mobility was compared with that of international reference strains for L. infantum, L. tropica, L. major, L. donovani, L. aethiopica and L. tarentolae. The results obtained have shown that the genus Leishmania in Italy is represented by five zymodemes which may be grouped into two taxa: L. infantum s.l. (L. infantum s.st., L. infantum NH130 variant, L. infantum NH140 variant and L. infantum GOT, MDH, NH variant), agent of mammalian leishmaniases (including human leishmaniases), and L. tarentolae, parasite of geckoes. At the moment, the absence of L. tropica in Italy as agent of CL has been revealed. Through the analysis of epidemiological data obtained from the foci where Leishmania parasites were isolated two zymodemes only, L. infantum s.st. and L. infantum NH140 variant, show to be widely distributed. However, L. infantum s.st. appears to be prevalent in Thyrrenean foci which are characterized by VL cases and by high density of Phlebotomus perniciosus, and L. infantum NH140 variant is present in Adriatic areas where CL is diffuse and P. perfiliewi is the probable vector.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Isolation and in vivo behavior of the etiologic agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Italy].

Tentatives of culturing in vivo and in vitro the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Italy have in the past been carried out by several authors without, however, obtaining stable culture. The use of LHC inbred hamsters, treated with cortisone acetate, gives the possibility of isolating the parasite from human cutaneous lesions. The parasite is localized in the internal organs (spleen, liver and bone marrow) of the host, regardless of the site of inoculation. The infection is similar to that caused by Leishmania infantum from human, canine and murine visceral leishmaniasis. In the subsequent passage in vivo the parasite infects LHC inbred hamsters and outbred hamsters without cortisone acetate. Intrinsic and extrinsic characters of the agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Italy are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Man-bait catch of Phlebotomus perniciosus (Diptera, Psycodidae) in a human and canine leishmaniasis focus in central Italy.

Man-bait catches of Phlebotomus perniciosus were carried out in a human and canine leishmaniasis focus in Central Italy (Monte Argentario, Grosseto) to evaluate the man-sandfly contact of this vector. P. perniciosus females were collected biting on man outside, during the first hours of the night, when the local people are at risk. The results of these captures are discussed and the man-sandfly contact is considered in relation to the epidemiological aspects of the disease in the area under study.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Status of the taxonomy of Leishmania from the Mediterranean basin].

Isoenzyme analysis, carried out on some hundreds of Leishmania isolates from the Mediterranean basin by specialized identification Centres, has provided new data on the taxonomy of this parasite in the area. Three complexes of zymodemes have been identified: L. infantum s.l., L. tropica s.l. and L. major s.l. L. infantum is the agent of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis and it is distributed throughout the Mediterranean area. Furthermore, this parasite is the only responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central-Western Europe, including Italy. The distribution of L. tropica, agent of urban, or anthroponotic, cutaneous leishmaniasis, appears to be very limited, being restricted to Middle East, Tunisia and Greece. On the other hand, L. major, which causes rural, or zoonotic, cutaneous leishmaniasis, is widespread throughout North Africa and Middle East. In some countries, such as Tunisia and Israel, leishmaniases are caused by all the three complexes.

Africa, Northern↗
PubMed1983

Leishmaniasis in Tuscany (Italy): VII. Studies on the role of the black rat, Rattus rattus, in the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis.

The recent finding that four Leishmania isolates from Rattus rattus are enzymologically identical to L. infantum, aetiological agent of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean area, has stimulated further research on the role of R. rattus in the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Tuscany, Italy. The present work has led to the following results: (a) R. rattus experimentally infected with L. infantum displayed a general resistance to the parasite, even though it appeared that a very low number of amastigotes persisted in the animal for a long period; (b) Phlebotomus perniciosus and P. perfiliewi induced to feed on rats, with either a massive visceral infection or a subpatent immunodepressed infection, became infected, though in different proportions; (c) P. perniciosus and P. perfiliewi were readily attracted to, and fed on, the black rat in nature. These findings, together with those obtained earlier, strongly suggest that the black rat may be one of the wild reservoirs of L. infantum in the areas under study.

Animals↗