Biomedical subjects

E Preisinger

Publications and source records attributed to E Preisinger.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

[Fracture prevention in primary osteoporosis. Benefits of physical activity and proper nutrition].

It is not possible to cure manifested osteoporosis. Multiple vertebral body fractures result in static insufficiency of the spine. At most any form of therapy can prevent a worsening of the situation. In this connection however, promotion of mobility and flexibility plays an important role in increasing the quality of life. Probably muscle training alone is capable of preventing progressive age-related bone loss or even to increase the strength of the bone in the elderly patient who has no other systemic disease and whose diet is properly balanced.

Exercise↗

PubMed1986

[Rheography in pregnancy--a noninvasive method of early detection of placental insufficiency].

UNLABELLED: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is a major obstetrical problem. About 20% of stillbirths are growth retarded. Increased vascular resistance is suspected to cause preeclampsia and IUGR. Our study used rheography 1. to show the change of vascular resistance during pregnancy, 2. to scrutinize any connections between maternal peripheral perfusion and the development of IUGR. For the first part of the study 168 healthy pregnant women of different gestational age were studied to examine the physiological conditions of peripheral haemoperfusion. In the second part we employed rheography in 177 cases of last trimester pregnancies. The parameter used was the rheographic quotient (RQ), defined as the volume of the pulse wave. To compare RQ values of patients with different heart frequencies these values were multiplied by the pulse rate per second (relative pulse volume, Pr). RESULTS: 1. RQ values remained nearly constant during the first trimester (0.7%). During the second trimester a noticeable increase in RQ was found, leading to RQ values of about 1.3% in the third trimester. From the 28th week until delivery no further significant changes occurred. Using Pr, our data showed increased values from the 16th gestational week onwards. Early-stage values (0.8%/sec) increased more than twofold (1.7%/sec) until delivery. 2. Out of 177 pregnancies, 26 led to newborn below the 10th percentile (mean = 2230 g). Rheographic data showed highly significant differences between the AGA and SGA groups: the mean RQ values of the AGA sample was 1.2 +/- 0.4%, of the SGA sample 0.6 +/- 0.35% (p less than 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Volume↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Systematic strength training as a model of therapeutic intervention. A controlled trial in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.

Physical exercise is often recommended as a therapeutic tool to combat pre- and postmenopausal loss of bone density. However, the relationship between training dosage (intensity, duration, frequency) and the effect on bone density still is undergoing discussion. Furthermore, the exercise quantification programs are often described so inadequately that they are neither quantitatively nor qualitatively reproducible. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether a clearly defined training of muscle strength, under defined safety aspects, performed only twice weekly, can counteract bone density loss in women with postmenopausal osteopenia. Data from 16 women in the training group (age, 63.6 +/- 6.2 yr) and 15 women in the control group (age, 67.4 +/-9.7 yr), of comparable height and weight, were evaluated. Strength training was performed for 6 mo as continually adapted strength training, providing an intensity of about 70% of each test person's one repetition maximum. Bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae 2 to 4 and the femoral neck was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Maximum performance in watts and parameters of hemodynamics were controlled with a bicycle ergometer test to maximal effort. In addition, metabolic data were assessed. In the lumbar spine and femoral neck, the training group showed no significant changes, whereas the control group demonstrated a significant loss of bone mineral density, especially in the femoral neck (P<0.05). The strength increase was highly significant in all exercised muscle groups, rising to about 70% above the pretraining status (P<0.001). Heart rate and blood pressure data indicated a slight economization, metabolism was not significantly influenced. Based on these findings, we conclude that continually adapted strength training is an effective, safe, reproducible, and adaptable method of therapeutic strength training, following only two exercise sessions per week.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Functional impact of unvarying exercise program in women after menopause.

Low bone mass, functional impairment, low muscle strength, and postural instability are predictors of the risk of fracture in an elderly person. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional impact of an unvarying long-term exercise program to be carried out at home. The exercises had been shown to delay bone loss in an elderly population. At the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Vienna, postmenopausal women who had been stratified into exercise or control groups 5 to 10 yr ago were called in for a follow-up examination. Frequency of training, habits, and pain causing disability in activities of daily living were recorded. Walking velocity, muscle strength, and postural stability were measured. Functional assessment, blood analysis, and x-rays of the spine were performed additionally. One hundred twenty-four women aged 68.3 +/- 6.8 yr (mean +/- SD) underwent a follow-up investigation at the outpatient clinic. After 7.7 +/- 1.1 yr the compliance of the training group was still 36%. Self-chosen gait velocity was slightly higher in the regular exercisers than in the controls. No intergroup differences were found for pain induced disability, muscle strength, body sway, and fracture rate. The pain disability index was significantly associated with corrected self-chosen gait velocity. The results suggest that an unvarying home-based exercise program may support general agility but does not yield enough force to improve muscle strength and postural stability in healthy, nondisabled, postmenopausal women who start exercising at the age of 60 yr. Further studies are needed to define more appropriate exercise programs for a comprehensive improvement of functional outcome in a population at high risk for osteoporosis.

Accidental Falls↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic exercise in the prevention of bone loss. A controlled trial with women after menopause.

To evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic exercises in the prevention of bone loss, 146 untrained healthy postmenopausal women were prospectively controlled for (mean +/- SD) 3.0 +/- 1.3 yr. Eighty-two subjects aged (mean +/- SD) 61.5 +/- 6.1 yr participated in an exercise program (group 1) and sixty-four aged (mean +/- SD) 59.1 +/- 7.4 yr served as controls (group 2). Periodically during the study period, we measured women's bone density at two forearm sites and recorded their physical activities. Because bone loss differed insignificantly between the groups, group 1 was retrospectively subdivided into group 1a (regular exercise) and group 1b (nonregular exercise). The results showed that only 39 women (48 percent) of group 1 (group 1a) performed the exercise program regularly for the prescribed time. Regression slopes of forearm bone density (distal and proximal scans) v time were significantly less negative (P < 0.05) in group 1a (distal, -0.3 percent and proximal, -0.7 percent per year) than in group 1b (distal, -1.8 percent and proximal -1.6 percent per year) or group 2 (distal, -1.7 percent and proximal, -1.9 percent per year). We conclude that in untrained elderly women, poor compliance with regular physical activities is a main factor, explaining the lack of response to exercise treatment in prevention of osteoporosis.

Aged↗