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Biomedical subjects

E Prevost

Publications and source records attributed to E Prevost.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Respiratory diseases in French cork workers.

A cross-sectional study on suberosis was conducted in the Champagne-Ardenne County, France, to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, the level of pulmonary function, and the presence of precipitins against Penicillium frequentans. Thirteen of the 33 workers exposed to cork dust had respiratory symptoms excluding hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The respiratory symptoms were not correlated with tobacco habits or duration of exposure. The levels of pulmonary function were not significantly impaired. No precipitin arc against Penicillium frequentans was found in the sera of exposed workers. The varied symptomatology of suberosis may point to several different diseases, each with its own determining factor. In the present study, exposure to weak humidity and low level of cork dust were related to asthma and chronic bronchitis only, excluding hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Combination chemotherapy with vincristine, melphalan, CCNA, cyclophosphamide, prednisone in myeloma].

The authors report the results of a prospective, multi-centre trial involving 87 patients with previously untreated myeloma who were treated by combination chemotherapy consisting of melphalan, cyclophosphamide, CCNU, prednisone and vincristine. 83.1% of patients had a high tumour mass (stage III on Durie and Salmon's classification). The response to treatment could be evaluated in 76 patients and 70% were found to respond. The median actuarial survival of the whole population is 30 months. The survival is significantly longer (p less than 0.001) in responders (median 40 months) than in non-responders (median: 17 months); the survival is significantly shorter (p less than 0.01) in subjects with renal failure (median: 10 months) than in subjects without renal failure (median: 36 months). This treatment is sufficiently well tolerated to be administered on an outpatient basis. One case of acute monoblastic leukaemia was observed. These results are similar to those reported in the literature.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

The rise and fall of fluorescent tinea capitis.

The epidemiology of tinea capitis has had a remarkable change in the past 20 years. It is important for physicians to realize that most tinea capitis in the United States is caused by Trichophyton tonsurans and that these lesions cannot be diagnosed by the Wood's lamp. Trichophyton tonsurans tinea capitis is frequently misdiagnosed because the lesions mimic such common scalp conditions as dandruff and seborrhea. Further, this organism can cause chronic tinea capitis in women that may become a infectious reservoir for other family members. A negative potassium hydroxide preparation will not rule out infection with T tonsurans and cultures are necessary. Scalp lesions in children should be considered tinea capitis until culturally proved otherwise.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Detection of yeast septicemia by biphasic and radiometric methods.

From January 1977 to April 1980 our microbiology laboratory used a commercial biphasic brain heart infusion vented culture method for fungal blood cultures and a commercial radiometric (BACTEC 460, Johnson Laboratories, Cockeysville, Md.) method for bacterial blood cultures. A total of 668 biphasic fungal blood cultures were processed, of which 30 grew yeasts from 19 patients. There were 38,324 BACTEC blood cultures processed for bacteria, of which 184 grew yeasts from 85 patients. The overall detection time for all yeasts averaged 8.3 days for the biphasic method and 2.4 days for the radiometric method. The BACTEC aerobic bottle detected over six times as many yeasts as did the anaerobic bottle. Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated yeast in both methods, being detected in an average of 7.7 days in the biphasic method and 1.6 days in the aerobic BACTEC bottle. It is concluded from this study that the radiometric method is far superior to the biphasic method, because (i) it has a shorter detection time, (ii) it can be used simultaneously with bacterial methods, saving blood and money, and (iii) it requires no special or separate media or instructions for yeasts, thus alleviating confusion in the blood collection process.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

Conjunctival lesion caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi.

We have described the first known reported case of rhinosporidiosis from the state of South Carolina and possibly the ninth reported conjunctival infection in the United States. Differential diagnosis of focal lesions on the conjunctiva, eyelid, or sclera includes cystic inclusions or adenoma of the various glandular structures, pterygium, pedunculated granuloma due to retained foreign body, or end-stage chalazion. Histopathologic differential diagnosis includes spherules of Coccidioides immitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Nonfluorescent tinea capitis in Charleston, SC. A diagnostic problem.

Statistics gathered at the Medical University of South Carolina from 1973 to 1978 indicate a dramatic change in the etiologic agents of tinea capitis in Charleston since the 1950s. The preponderant agent is now Trichophyton tonsurans, which produces lesions that are not fluorescent in a Wood's lamp examination (long-wave ultraviolet). Trichophyton tonsurans caused 90.6% of 265 culture-proved cases of tinea capitis in the 1970s, but in the 1950s it was responsible for only 1.6% of 378 cases. The study emphasizes that cultures are necessary because the increase in nonfluorescent tinea capitis throughout the United States presents unsuspected diagnostic problems to physicians who are not aware of the change in etiologic agents.

Black People↗
PubMed1978

Commercial cryptococcal latex kit: clinical evaluation in a medical center hospital.

A commercial latex kit for the detection of cryptococcal antigen (LCAT) was used in a medical center hospital to test cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum specimens from patients suspected of having cryptococcal infections. The LCAT was also performed on 8 CSF and 2 serum specimens from other mycotic infections and on 50 serum specimens from healthy controls. Of a total of 561 specimens (489 CSF and 72 sera) from 426 patients, 78 (13.9%) specimens were LCAT positive; these came from 12 patients with culturally proven cryptococcosis. Eleven of these 12 patients were diagnosed as having disseminated cryptococcosis (9 with meningitis). Fourteen other patients, all with positive cultures for Cryptococcus neoformans but nevative LCATs on sera or CSF, were found not to have disseminated infections. All CSF and sera from other mycotic infections and all 50 control sera were negative. No false positive or flase negative tests were encountered. It was concluded that the commercial kit is useful for diagnosis and prognosis of disseminated cryptococcosis, but not as useful for infections such as localized pulmonary or cutaneous cryptococcosis.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infections due to Wangiella dermatitidis in humans: report of the first documented case from the United States and a review of the literature.

Wangiella dermatitidis, a normally saprophytic dematiaceous fungus, has rarely been reported as a cause of disease in humans. A review of the worldwide literature yielded eight validly documented cases of W. dermatitidis infections. Reported herein is a subcutaneous knee infection due to W. dermatitidis in a diabetic man with impaired T-cell function and cutaneous anergy. Repeated cultures of the lesion were positive for W. dermatitidis despite therapy with amphotericin B. It is believed that this represents the first well-documented case of infection due to W. dermatitidis in North America, although the fungus has previously been isolated from nature in several states. The current state of knowledge of this organism, based on previously reported cases and isolations from nature, are discussed. No curative medical therapy is known for this infection, but surgical excision seems to be the treatment of choice for circumscribed W. dermatitidis infections.

Adolescent↗