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Biomedical subjects

E R Carlson

Publications and source records attributed to E R Carlson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Oropharyngeal mass.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

Platelet-rich plasma: Growth factor enhancement for bone grafts.

Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous source of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta that is obtained by sequestering and concentrating platelets by gradient density centrifugation. This technique produced a concentration of human platelets of 338% and identified platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta within them. Monoclonal antibody assessment of cancellous cellular marrow grafts demonstrated cells that were capable of responding to the growth factors by bearing cell membrane receptors. The additional amounts of these growth factors obtained by adding platelet-rich plasma to grafts evidenced a radiographic maturation rate 1.62 to 2.16 times that of grafts without platelet-rich plasma. As assessed by histomorphometry, there was also a greater bone density in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was added (74.0% +/- 11%) than in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was not added (55.1% +/- 8%; p = 0.005).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

Accelerated fractionation radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy in patients with stage IV inoperable head and neck cancer.

BACKGROUND: Stage IV inoperable head and neck cancer has a 2-year mortality rate of greater than 70% when treated with conventional radiotherapy. A Phase II study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of concomitant chemotherapy and accelerated, interrupted, twice-a-day radiotherapy on tumor response, locoregional control, survival, and morbidity. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with Stage IV inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and a minimum follow-up of 36 months were evaluated. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy was administered during weeks 1, 3, and 5 (with planned breaks during weeks 2 and 4), consisting of cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1, continuous 5-day infusion of 5-fluorouracil, 750 mg/m2 per day, and radiotherapy, 2 Gy twice a day, more than 6 hours apart, followed by 3 days of radiation therapy alone (final "boost") in week 6, for a total dose of 70 Gy and treatment duration of 5 1/2 weeks (38 days). RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients achieved a clinical complete response (82%). Actuarial locoregional control at 3 years was 73% and the actuarial 3-year survival probability, including all deaths, was 38%. All locoregional recurrences were manifested within 12 months. Of the 20 deaths, 12 were tumor related (locoregional and/or metastatic), 3 were treatment related, and 5 were due to other causes. Acute toxicity consisted of grade 3 mucositis and dysphagia and grade 2-3 leukopenia, not requiring treatment interruption or cessation. CONCLUSION: Concomitant accelerated radiation therapy and chemotherapy is a feasible treatment approach in this prognostically poor patient population, yielding dramatic tumor responses and impressive locoregional control at the cost of somewhat increased acute toxicity. Although serious late complications have not been observed, caution should be exercised in view of the relatively short follow up.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The potential for HIV transmission through allogeneic bone. A review of risks and safety.

Over the past two decades, oral and maxillofacial surgeons have gained a greater appreciation for the biology of allogeneic bone healing, resulting in a dramatic increase in its indications and use. Unfortunately, this time period has also ushered in near epidemic proportions of HIV-infected persons, some of whom might be considered as potential donors of allogeneic bone. As this article will discuss, surgeons and tissue bank teams alike must be aware of the clinical and serologic criteria associated with an acceptable donor. Only in this way can contamination-free specimens be obtained and surgically implanted.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1994

Isolation of Actinomyces species and Eikenella corrodens from patients with chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis.

Cultures from 26 patients with chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible were studied. In most cases there was a mutualistic infection involving any one of the known human Actinomyces species together with Eikenella corrodens. In a few cases, Arachnia species were substituted for Actinomyces and gram-negative anaerobes for E corrodens. The specific culture protocol used to identify these organisms from clinical specimens is described. Taxonomic and experimental evidence that supports an infectious etiology are presented.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1993

Parotid mass.

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Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating↗
PubMed1993

Tissue banking safety: caveats and precautions for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon.

Oral and maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons using allogeneic tissues have expressed justifiable concern over the safety of these tissues as they relate to the transmission of infectious disease. This report reviews cases of infectious disease transmission from inadequately screened donors of allogeneic tissues, as well as those related to improper sterilization and cataloging of these tissues. It is concluded that good judgment and attention to good science on the part of the tissue bank as well as the surgeon can maximize the ability to place contamination-free specimens, thereby avoiding complications similar to those described.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from allogeneic dura: a review of risks and safety.

Surgeons and the lay public have recently expressed concern over the safety of allogeneic dura as it relates to the transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Indeed, two cases have resulted from use of tissue procured from a commercial agency that did not adhere to criteria accepted by the American Association of Tissue Banks or the Southeast Organ Procurement Foundation. This review discusses the risks and safety of allogeneic dura. The findings should reassure the surgeon of the safety of allogeneic dura when it is properly processed and catalogued by a bona fide, reputable tissue bank. To date, there have been no documented cases reported to the Center for Disease Control in which Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease was transmitted from allogeneic dura obtained from a registered tissue bank.

Adult↗