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Biomedical subjects

E R Heitzman

Publications and source records attributed to E R Heitzman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Computed tomography of the mediastinum. Normal anatomy and indications for the use of CT.

Correlative CT studies of a cadaver and a statistical analysis of all thoracic scans performed in the first year of operation of a delta-Scan 50 were undertaken in order to better understand normal mediastinal anatomy as displayed by computed tomography. Several levels are illustrated, and the results of the analysis are reported. The authors propose a list of indications for which CT of the mediastinum seems to be helpful.

Female↗

Radiologic analysis of the mediastinum utilizing computed tomography.

An attempt has been made to demonstrate the capacity of computed tomography to display mediastinal anatomy. A further attempt has been made to develop a list of indications for the performance of this study in patients with known or suspected mediastinal disease. It should be recognized that the statements made are based on a relatively small patient sample. Undoubtedly, future experience will add to and delete from the indications presented here.

Aorta, Thoracic↗

The radiology of the superior intercostal veins.

The superior intercostal veins define the pleural reflections of the caudad extent of the posterior junction line. They are paired structures which drain the first three intercostal spaces and join the azygous on the right and the accessory hemiazygous on the left. Because of their location posterior and lateral to the esophagus and trachea, their pleural reflections may be altered early in the course of a focal nodal disease of the posterior mediastinum.

Azygos Vein↗

Recognition of vertebral abnormalities in computed tomography of the chest and abdomen.

Computed tomography of the chest or abdomen may reveal vertebral abnormalities. Images in multiple projections of dry and fresh specimens of the spine demonstrate that osteophytes, end-plate irregularities, and marked obliquity fail to mimic true osteoblastic vertebral lesions. Disk calcification may simulate a metastatic deposit if the section includes both disk and vertebral body. Abdominal or chest "window" settings produce an apparent increase in bone density. Analysis of the bony spine from abdominal and chest images requires gray scale settings different from those used for the study of visceral organs.

Cervical Vertebrae↗

Radiological evaluation of the aortic-pulmonic window.

Knowledge of the roentgen anatomy of the aortic-pulmonic window will minimize confusion of pathologic and normal radiographic appearances. When deep intrusion of lung into the window is seen or when the window is outlined by far within it, gross enlargement of ductus nodes or masses in this area can be excluded with a reasonable degree of certainty. If masses or lymph nodes are present in the window, the mediastinal pleura "closing" on its lateral side will show on abnormal configuration with convexity directed laterally. Medial extension of masses or enlarged lymph nodes may cause impression on the left lateral wall of the esophagus and may compromise the left recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Adipose Tissue↗

The apical cap.

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Adolescent↗