Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E R Noble.
We present two cases of unusually large skull base paragangliomas. The first tumor was accompanied by marked bony destruction of the central skull base and multiple associated cysts. The second tumor arose along the petrous ridge, with a large intracranial component. The CT, MR imaging, angiographic, histologic, and electron microscopic findings of these unusual lesions are described.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the appearance, morphology, and treatment of occipital condyle fractures (OCF). METHODS: Cases were collected by a retrospective and prospective analysis of teaching files and case logs. Patients' charts, when available, were reviewed for age, sex, mode of injury, physical examination, Glascow Coma Scale score, and associated injuries. Plain films and CT images were reviewed to determine OCF type and to assess for the presence of associated cervical spine and/or intracranial trauma. RESULTS: Fifteen patients with OCF, 13 occurring in a 43-month period, were identified. Ten patients were involved in motor vehicle accidents. Severity of closed head injury and associated clinical findings were variable. Three patients had associated cervical spine fracture. According to the Anderson and Montesano classification, two patients (13%) had type I OCF, eight patients (54%) had type II OCF, and five (33%) had type III OCF. Fourteen of the fractures were identified on screening trauma head CT scans. Treatment varied according to the presence of associated injuries and stability of the cervical spine. CONCLUSIONS: Although OCFs are rare, they will be encountered by most radiologists who see a significant amount of trauma. Type II OCFs were the most common fracture type in our series. Type III fractures were the second most common and potentially unstable. CT should be initiated at the level of the C-1 ring to screen for the presence of OCF in all patients who have suffered trauma.
Radiologists in hospital practice often encounter radiographs that either bear no patient identification or are incorrectly labeled as those of a different patient. To avoid repeating these improperly labeled radiographs, and to establish correct patient identity, most radiologists compare these radiographs with previous radiographs of several patients. This happens most often with portable chest radiographs. To study the reliability of various surgical, pathologic, and anatomic features and to help establish a fast and accurate method of establishing the correct patient identity, we performed a retrospective study of 50 patients in the intensive care unit. The characteristic location and configuration of surgical material, fractures, and dense parenchymal/pleural scars with or without calcifications are extremely helpful in establishing patient identity. In the vast majority of patients who lack such characteristic surgical and pathologic features, the anatomic structures that are most reliable for identification purposes are, in order of decreasing reliability, the transverse processes of the first thoracic vertebrae and the adjoining tubercles of the first ribs, the spinous processes, and the scapular wings. We believe that this information will help radiologists to identify the right patient when radiographs are incorrectly labeled.
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A case of dentin dysplasia type I (radicular) is described. The practitioner should be aware that several periapical radiolucent areas may occur. If periodontal communication occurs, infection follows. Because of the abnormal anatomic configuration of pulp chambers and root canals, endodontic treatment may not be feasible. The shortened roots may also allow hypermobility and spontaneous exfoliation at an early age. Such patients may be doomed to prosthetic replacements. Well-fitting, esthetic appliances are essential for appearance and function.
Allencotyla pricei sp. n. (Monogenea: Heteraxinidae) from the gills of pile surfperch, Damalichthys vacca (Girard), from Redondo Beach, California is described. This species is distinguished primarily by the prebifurcal position of the genital atrium and vagina, and by possessing an elongate esophagus. The systematic arrangement of microcotyloid forms characterized by an asymmetric haptor is discussed.
Eighty-four bathypelagic fishes collected at depths from 975 to 1,555 m in the eastern Atlantic Ocean were examined for animal parasites. Ninety-five percent (including all the Gonostomatidae) were free from parasites. A digenetic trematode, Lecithophyllum irelandeum sp. n. from the stomach of one specimen of the family. Melamphaidae, is described. One copepod was found in the kidney of Bathylagus euryops, and another copepod infected the liver of a melamphaid. This paucity of parasites is of a different pattern from that found in mesopelagic waters. Some environmental factors that may be involved in the causes of this differences are mentioned.
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Five species, 3 new, of myoxosporida in the genus Myxidium were recovered from 7 genera and 23 species of deepsea macrourids. Although some Myxidium species were geographically dispersed they showed remarkable spore size stability. Two forms, "long" and "stubby" are described for M. coryphaenoidium. Abnormal M. coryphaenoidium spores are shown to resemble superficially other species and genera.
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Two new species of Davisia were identified in the urinary bladders and kidney tubules of 2 species of marine fish. D. anoplopoma was found in Anoplopoma fimbria from southern and central California. D. pectoralis was recorded from Coryphaenoides pectoralis from northern California. We have distinguished between Davisia species whose lateral appendages are "solid" and those which contain a cavity in their lateral appendages. Our species belong to the latter category. We believe the lateral appendages of "hollow" species are extensions of the spore body and not, as sometimes pictured, independently attached.
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