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Biomedical subjects

E R Rosenberg

Publications and source records attributed to E R Rosenberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Early detection and treatment of hyperlipidemia: physician practices in Canada.

We surveyed primary care physicians in Canada to determine their current practices regarding the detection and treatment of hyperlipidemia in asymptomatic adults 20 years of age or more and to determine the role of selected patient characteristics (age, sex and the presence of coronary heart disease [CHD] risk factors) in their management decisions. The self-administered questionnaire was completed by 428 of 804 family physicians and general practitioners. The proportion of physicians who reported having tested at least 50% of their adult patients varied from 29% to 85% and was related to the number of CHD risk factors present and the patient's age. The proportion of respondents who reported starting dietary or drug therapy among patients with a cholesterol level of 6.2 mmol/L or less increased as the number of CHD risk factors increased and was not related to patient age or sex. According to the factors examined our results suggest that primary care physicians in Canada select patients for screening and treatment mainly on the basis of CHD risk factors present and that their approach is more conservative than that recommended by the Canadian and US consensus conferences.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Integrated imaging of neonatal renal masses.

Thirty-three neonatal renal masses were evaluated during a 2-year interval. The final diagnoses in these 33 patients were hydronephrosis [14], multicystic dysplastic kidney [10], renal vein thrombosis [3], obstructed upper pole duplication [2], polycystic kidney disease [2], nephroblastomatosis [1], and mesoblastic nephroma [1]. We recommend an integrated imaging approach that utilizes sonography to clarify anatomy and renal scintigraphy or excretory urography to determine renal function.

Female↗
PubMed1985

The fallacy of placental migration: effect of sonographic techniques.

A study of 233 consecutive second-trimester sonographic examinations performed between 15 and 20 weeks showed no cases of apparent placenta previa and only one case (0.4%) that appeared to be a marginal placenta previa. This differs from previously reported incidences of false-positive placenta previa of 5.6%-45%. The difference is thought to result from the technique of studying patients with completely empty bladders, taking special views of the internal os, and recognizing the temporary changes produced by myometrial contractions, which can give the false-positive diagnosis of placenta previa.

Female↗
PubMed1985

The significance of septations in a renal cyst.

Little is known about the significance of one or more septations within a renal cyst. The records of 26 patients whose sonographic and/or CT studies showed evidence of internal septations were reviewed to assess their significance. Thirteen patients underwent surgical exploration; in 10, the final diagnoses were benign lesions, while in three there were elements of renal cell carcinoma. Criteria are suggested to distinguish benign from malignant lesions. One or more thin septations alone is probably of no clinical significance, but if there are solid elements demonstrated, further evaluation is mandatory.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Extracranial cribside sonography in infants.

In 29 real-time ultrasonic studies of infants in the intensive care nursery, the technique either accurately diagnosed or led directly to the correct diagnosis in 27 (93%). Twenty-four of these infants had suspected abnormality in the abdomen or pelvis, three had congestive heart failure and bruits, one had respiratory distress and an opacified hemithorax on chest roentgenogram, and one was a child with ambiguous genitalia in whom sonography identified a uterus. We suggest that portable, real-time ultrasonography is an ideal modality with which to study seriously ill infants whose medical condition precludes transport to the radiology department.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1984

Intravenous cholecystokinin octapeptide: its effect on the sonographic appearance of the file ducts in normal subjects.

The response of the common hepatic duct to an intravenous injection of sincalide (0.04 mcg/kg over 1 min) was assessed in 15 healthy volunteers. Ultrasound examinations performed at 5-minute intervals for 1 hour revealed a mean maximal decrease in gallbladder volume of 59%. The internal diameter of the duct was unchanged in 13 of 15 subjects, and decreased by 1 mm in the remaining 2 subjects. It is concluded that, in normal subjects, there is no significant change in the internal diameter of the common hepatic duct in response to an intravenous dose of sincalide sufficient to effect gallbladder contraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An imaging approach to persistent neonatal jaundice.

Fifteen patients with persistent neonatal jaundice were evaluated by sonography and radionuclide scintigraphy. The sonographic features of both neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia are nonspecific. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy after phenobarbital pretreatment in patients with neonatal hepatitis demonstrates normal hepatic extraction and delayed tracer excretion into the gastrointestinal tract. If there is neonatal hepatitis with severe hepatocellular damage, the hepatic extraction of tracer activity is decreased and excretion may be delayed or absent. Patients under 3 months of age with biliary atresia have normal hepatic extraction of tracer with no excretion into the gastrointestinal tract. Sonography in patients with a choledochal cyst shows a cystic mass in the porta hepatis with associated bile-duct dilatation. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy confirms that the choledochal cyst communicates with the biliary system. Initial sonography demonstrates hepatobiliary anatomy; subsequent phenobarbital-enhanced radionuclide scintigraphy determines hepatobiliary function. An expedient diagnostic approach is recommended for the evaluation of persistent neonatal jaundice.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasound in the assessment of pleural densities.

There are many problems in scanning pleural lesions that need to be understood by the referring clinician. First and foremost, the lesion must be pleural based to avoid interposed aerated lung. Second, if the two criteria of pleural fluid are met (changing shape with respiration and floating strands), the likelihood of a successful thoracocentesis is high, but if only an echo-free space is found, the lesion may be fluid, but the possibility exists that it could be a solid mass, pleural thickening, atelectasis, or consolidation. Third, small volumes may be impossible to locate. And fourth, interaction between the clinician and sonographer is essential. If a thoracocentesis is unsuccessful on the ward and ultrasonic guidance is desired, subsequent attempts should be done in the ultrasound laboratory.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Sonographic appearance of the uterine cervix in pregnancy: the vertical cervix.

The uterine cervix, internal os, and endocervical canal can be accurately identified in pregnant women without distortion when the maternal bladder is empty. The internal os may vary in appearance from a flat to a very slightly funneled shape; a protuberance at the internal os is a variant of normal. In a series of 50 consecutive patients, the cervix was well visualized in 30. With the maternal bladder empty, it was clearly seen in all patients of less than 20 weeks gestation, in 13 of 19 patients at 20-30 weeks gestation, and in three of 17 patients at 30-40 weeks gestation. The mean length of the cervix was 3.25 cm with no difference between primagravida and multigravida patients. When the bladder was partially filled, the mean length of the region of the cervix was 4.6 cm which was significantly greater than with the bladder empty. This suggests that even partial filling of the bladder distorts the appearance of the cervix.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1983

Caudothalamic groove: value in identification of germinal matrix hemorrhage by sonography in preterm neonates.

A prospective study of 25 consecutive premature infants under 1,500 g was undertaken to evaluate the frequency and sonographic appearance of subependymal germinal matrix hemorrhage. In all 12 sonographically positive cases, the hemorrhage was initially imaged in the area immediately anterior to the caudothalamic groove. Special attention to this area permits early detection of germinal matrix hemorrhage, and neurosonography of neonates should be considered incomplete unless this area has been thoroughly imaged.

Caudate Nucleus↗
PubMed1983

The changing sonographic appearance of fetal kidneys during pregnancy.

One hundred consecutive women between 11 and 40 weeks of gestation were studied to evaluate the changing appearances of the fetal kidneys. In the first trimester, the kidney was never positively identified. Between 15 and 26 weeks it was seen but was difficult to distinguish from surrounding tissue. In the early third trimester, either an echogenic border or increased echogenicity of the renal sinus was observed; in the late third trimester this increased echogenicity was observed in both areas. It is thought that the echogenicity is the result of fat deposition in the pararenal space and in the renal sinus.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Early intrauterine pregnancy or decidual cast: an anatomic--sonographic approach.

In order to differentiate an early intrauterine gestation from an ectopic pregnancy with decidual cast, demonstration of the uterine cavity as a structure distinct from the gestational sac is suggested. Anatomically, normal implantation occurs separately from the endometrial canal, whereas decidual casts form within the canal. Using real-time sonography, physician observers were able to demonstrate two separate structures in 79 per cent of normal pregnancies of eight weeks' gestation or less when a special effort was made; routine longitudinal and transverse static and real-time scans were less helpful.

Decidua↗