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Biomedical subjects

E Reyt

Publications and source records attributed to E Reyt.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein in preneoplastic lesions and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Alterations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene are the most frequent genetic abnormalities in human cancers. The p53 protein is present in normal cells, and is assumed to induce G1 arrest or apoptosis in the presence of DNA lesion. The mutant protein lacks this property. Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) are related to carcinogens in tobacco and alcohol, and provide a good model of multiple-step carcinogenesis in association with DNA damage and p53-related tumorigenesis. Stabilization of the mutant p53 protein allows immunohistochemical analyses (IHC) to be routinely used to demonstrate the mutant p53 protein in tissue samples, whereas normal p53 protein is undetectable. Ninety-nine squamous cell carcinomas, 8 in situ carcinomas, 31 preneoplastic lesions and 79 normal carcinogen-exposed mucosas of the head and neck from a total of 107 patients were examined for the expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene protein. Samples were collected before treatment, and stained with p53 specific mono- and polyclonal antibodies (DO-7, Pab 1801 and 240, CM1) using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) provided semiquantitative estimates of proliferation. The main localizations were the pharynx (64/107) and the larynx (21/107). Positive IHC detection of p53 was observed in 9% of normal-appearing carcinogen-exposed mucosas, 37% of hyperplasias, 68% of dysplasias, 75% of in situ carcinomas, and 56/99 (56.5%) of primary tumor samples. Mucosas from 15 control patients under 10 years of age were negative. There was no correlation between p53 IHC and localization, differentiation or TNM staging.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Expression of oncogenes C-myc, C-raf and N-ras in advanced cancers of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. Correlation with tumor clinical response to chemotherapy].

A correlation between oncogenes expression (N-ras, C-myc, C-raf) and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not been established in carcinology of the head and neck yet. We have studied the expression of these three oncogenes in 24 tumors patients with squamous cell carcinoma previously untreated. Tumors samples were biopsed before initiation of treatment. After extraction of total RNAs, oncogene expression was measured by northern and slot blot analysis using 32P radiolabeled probes. The endoscopic, histological and clinical response was evaluated after chemotherapy (5-FU: 1 g/m2/d, D1 to D5; CDDP: 100 mg/m2 at D1, 3 courses every 3 weeks). There was no significant difference of N-ras expression between responding or resistant tumors to chemotherapy. However, there was a significant difference of C-myc (p < 0.05) and C-raf (p < 0.01) expression between the two patients population: C-raf and C-myc expression were higher in the responding tumors than in the resistant tumors to chemotherapy. In conclusion, C-myc and C-raf expression could be a marker for chemosensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Cervical branchiomeric paraganglioma. Report of 21 cases].

Over the last 24 years the authors operated 21 branchiomeric paragangliomas in 18 patients. They emphasize the difficulty of making the diagnosis and the importance of completing a thorough work-up before deciding surgery. Adequate imaging is particularly important (neck sonography, computed tomography, arteriography) to avoid making the diagnosis by exploratory neck dissection and to assess the vascular risk. Biological studies have regained importance, especially in the context of complex neuro-cristopathy. Treatment is essentially surgical and must be considered with prudence in patients with bilateral lesions. The surgical removal of branchiomeric paragangliomas necessitates preparation of a small saphenous vein bypass in case it is not possible to avoid sacrificing the internal carotid artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Malignant cervical epithelial adenopathy from unknown primary source. Apropos of a series of 54 cases].

Fifty four patients with cervical lymph node metastasis from an unknown primary tumor underwent treatment from 1969 to 1988. Fourty five underwent radical neck dissection. 69% had node capsular effraction and 36% perinodal vascular embolism. Thirty four patients underwent postoperative radiotherapy including rhinopharynx, cervical oesophagus and all the bilateral cervical nodes. The primary tumor appeared after treatment in 7 cases. Total survival rate is 36% 5 years after treatment. Vascular embolism aggravates the prognosis. Radiosurgical association allow effective control of loco-regional cancer but does not improve survival rate. Prognosis is aggravated by metastases arising (18%).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Selective laryngeal re-innervations in the dog by nervous microsutures of branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve].

INTRODUCTION: This work has been carried out to investigate in an animal model, the possibility of surgical selective reinnervation of the larynx following destruction of the laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In ten dogs, on the right side of the neck only, the recurrent laryngeal nerve was identified, cut and section of the nerve removed. Following this the hemi-larynx on the operated side was reinnervated in the following manner. Using a microsurgical suture (described in the text) the motor nerves from extra-laryngeal muscles were anastomosed onto the nerves supplying the intrinsic abductors and adductors of the larynx. The nerve to sterno-thyroid was anastomosed onto the nerve supplying the posterior crico-arytenoid muscle (vocal cord abductor). Similarly the nerve supplying thyrohyoid was anastomosed onto the cut distal end of the adductor division of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Clinical, electromyographical and histological evaluations have been used to prove the reinnervation. RESULTS: In the nine surviving animals successful re-innervations, as defined by the return of normal function, has been achieved for posterior crico-arytenoid and 7 adductor muscles. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated the feasibility of laryngeal reinnervation after surgical section of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, and give some cause for optimism for its ultimate application in man.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1985

[Retrospective study of the treatment of piriform sinus cancers. Apropos of 97 cases].

Results of a retrospective analysis of case-reports of 97 patients treated for piriform sinus cancer showed a high frequency of large tumors and adenopathies providing an explanation for the very poor prognosis of these cancers. Therapy of choice for T1-T2 tumors is still radiotherapy. However, recently obtained results and data from the literature demonstrate the increased benefits of partial surgery with monoblock curettage followed by radiotherapy in cases with an ulcerous tumor, a mobile larynx and adenopathy of 3 cm or more. For T3-T4 cases the best treatment is by total pharyngolaryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Value of the pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap in the repair of the posterior wall of the pharynx and the lateral wall of the hypopharynx].

Two further indications for the use of a musculocutaneous flap from pectoralis major are reported: mucosal reconstruction after posterior pharyngectomy and vertical hemi-laryngopharyngectomy. This method was used in 7 cases, after previous surgery in 6 of these patients. Caution is necessary when interpreting carcinologic results because of the lack of long-term follow up results, but postoperative course was uncomplicated and tube removal and subnormal feeding was possible within 3 to 6 weeks.

Aged↗