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Biomedical subjects

E Richter-Heinrich

Publications and source records attributed to E Richter-Heinrich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Stress and fatty liver--possible indications for dietary long-chain n-3 fatty acids.

The favourable effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)- and doco-sahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich diets (marine fish, fish oil) on several risk factors for cardiovascular disease are well established. The present survey describes possible new indications for diets supplemented with long-chain n-3 fatty acids. During a standardized psychophysiological stress test (arithmetic, sentence completion tasks) systolic blood pressure after 2 weeks of diets supplemented with either 60 ml/day of sunflower or linseed oil was significantly decreased. During the sunflower oil-rich diet 45 g/day of linoleic acid (LA) and during the linseed oil-rich period 38 g/day of alpha-linolenic acid (LNA) were ingested. After a 2-week diet supplemented with mackerel (2 cans/day equivalent to 2.2 g/day of EPA and 2.8 g/day of DHA) systolic and diastolic blood pressure within the same test design appeared significantly lower. After a herring diet providing 2 cans/day, equivalent to 1.0 g of EPA and 1.8 g of DHA, the blood pressure-lowering effect was minor. The increase of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) during the stress test failed to occur after the fish diets. The results suggest a stress-protective effect of polyenoic acid-rich diets, which appears most pronounced and dose-related after long-chain n-3 fatty acids. In human liver an increase of fat droplet size in hepatocytes is associated with a decrease of the percentage of EPA in liver triglycerides. A diminution of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) after a mackerel diet might contribute to a depressed synthesis of liver triglycerides.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Fatty Acids, Nonesterified↗
PubMed1991

[A pilot study on the long-term effects of combined drug therapy and psychophysiologically-oriented therapy in patients with severe essential hypertension].

15 patients with a severe degree of essential hypertension, which had not responded satisfactorily to pharmacological management, received an additional regimen of psychophysiological treatment. This schedule consisted of relaxation training, self-recording of the blood pressure by the patients and conversations geared at improving stress management. After 1 year 9 patients showed a lowered mean blood pressure from 162/106 mmHg to 141/95 mmHg (responders). 2 patients were excluded from the study and 4 patients failed to show any lowering of their blood pressure (non-responders). In 6 responders it was possible to reduce the dose of antihypertensive drugs by 8-71%. These results were confirmed over a 4-year follow-up period. Responders and non-responders did not differ with regard to their age, stages and duration of hypertension. Patients with a very high reactivity of blood pressure under psychological stress and a low frankness with regard to their own weaknesses and problems seem to respond to the therapy with a lower probability of success.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Physician compliance in the treatment of hypertension].

The physician compliance is determined by knowledge, skill and behaviour. In 103 physicians working in the basic medical care investigations of the compliance were performed. Partly clear deviations from the guidelines recommended were found in the habits of diagnostics and therapy. These deviations frequently concerned even the majority of the physicians asked for. While the knowledge can relatively easily be judged according to objective criteria, the behaviour is difficult to be measured. Of 4 physicians with comparable knowledge concerning the clinical picture of hypertension the influence of the behaviour of the physician on the success of therapy was investigated during a psycho-physiologically orientated group therapy and the breath-induced relaxation training. The univariate and discriminance-analytic investigations as well as the factor analyses showed the behaviour of the physician as essentially determinating for the success of the therapy. The determination of the physician compliance gives the possibility to recognize still existing insufficiencies in the treatment of hypertension. It serves for the further optimization of the therapy of hypertension. Measures increasing the compliance among others can be derived also for the training and further training.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of dietary oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids on blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins and the formation of eicosanoid precursors in patients with mild essential hypertension.

Forty-four male in-patients with mild essential hypertension were randomly allocated to three groups and put on diets supplemented with 60 ml/day of olive (n = 15), sunflowerseed (n = 15) or linseed oils (n = 14), respectively, for two weeks within a blind study. In the group receiving sunflowerseed oil an increase of linoleic acid in serum lipids could be observed, whereas arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids appeared unchanged in serum triglycerides and even significantly lower in cholesterol esters. The subjects ingesting the linseed oil-rich diet showed an increase of alpha-linolenic acid in serum lipids, whereas arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids remained unchanged in serum triglycerides. In cholesterol esters, however, arachidonic acid was significantly decreased and eicosapentaenoic acid appeared increased only to a low level of significance. In the group put on the olive oil-rich regimen only a significant fall of linoleic acid was obvious in serum triglycerides. The results might indicate a defective desaturation and elongation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids and, consequently, a slow formation of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in patients with mild essential hypertension, which should be considered in dietary studies. After the sunflowerseed oil-rich diet a significant decrease of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and the LDL/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio was found. Systolic blood pressure during a psychophysiological stress test and urinary sodium excretion appeared significantly lower after the linoleic acid-rich diet. After the linseed oil-rich diet, in addition to total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio, serum triglycerides and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activity were significantly depressed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The comparative effectiveness of different psychological methods for treating patients with a labile course of hypertension (based on international research data)].

Examination of 110 patients with essential hypertension (EH) carried out in the USSR and GDR revealed, by the end of the observation period (one year), a significant lowering and normalization of arterial pressure at rest and a certain reduction of the intensity of the hypertensive response to psychoemotional stress influences in the presence of psychological relaxation therapy (PRT). The survey made it possible to try the designed methods for PRT in both countries and demonstrated that the intensity of the hypotensive action of the methods appeared comparable in different populations of patients suffering from essential hypertension. The intensity of the hypotensive action of PRT correlated with the level of arterial pressure before treatment, with the age of EH patients, and with their psychological characteristics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Changes in blood pressure and serum lipids with fish diets in patients with mild essential hypertension].

14 male patients with moderate essential hypertension were treated in the cross-comparison with a mackerel and herring diet, respectively, for two weeks. The mackerel diet contained double as much eicosapentaenic (EPA) and docosahexaenic acid (DHA) as the herring diet which served as control. In the serum triglycerides particularly DHS, in the cholesterol esters above all EPA were enriched. In the phospholipids the increase of the two fatty acids was approximately the same. At the end of the mackerel period the serum triglycerides, the total and LDL-cholesterol, the activity of the lecithin-cholesterol-acyl-transferase (CALT) and the serum sodium were significantly decreased. On the other hand, the HDL-cholesterol and the uric acid in the serum significantly increased. Under influence of the herring diet the parameters mentioned appeared only slightly changed. After the mackerel diet also a significantly lower systolic blood pressure was found. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure during a standardized psychophysiological stress test was more diminished at the end of the mackerel period than after the herring diet. The plasma renin activity (PRA) was increased after the mackerel diet. Its increase under the stress test could no more be proved at the end of the mackerel diet. In similar way the stress-conditioned increase of thromboxane B2 could no more be observe both after mackerel and after herring diet. When the results should confirm themselves in long-term studies, a mackerel diet in practicable dosage can be recommended as non-medicamentous treatment of moderate hypertension.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1985

Blood pressure- and lipid-lowering effect of mackerel and herring diet in patients with mild essential hypertension.

Fourteen male patients with mild essential hypertension were put on a mackerel and herring diet within a prescribed isocaloric regimen in a cross-over design for 2 weeks. After mackerel diet eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA-C20:5, n-3) appeared more in cholesterol esters (1.7-11.0%), whereas docosahexaenoic acid (DHA-C22:6, n-3) was predominantly incorporated into serum triglycerides (1.0-8.3%). After herring diet, which contained half as much EPA and DHA, their increase was of minor degree. After mackerel diet serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activity were significantly decreased (by 28%, 9%, 14% and 14%, respectively), returning to the initial levels 3 months later. On the contrary, HDL cholesterol appeared significantly increased (by 12%). After herring diet the differences were not significant. Serum sodium was significantly lower (by 2%) at the end of the mackerel diet as compared to the initial values. On the other hand, uric acid in serum appeared transiently increased (by 24%) at the end of both dietary periods. A significant decrease (by 8%) in casual systolic blood pressure, measured in recumbent position, could be observed only at the end of the mackerel period. Moreover, the level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and during a standardized psychophysiological stress test was significantly lower after mackerel diet. Nevertheless, the increments after stress were similar. Plasma renin activity was increased (by 64%) after mackerel diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effectiveness of behavioral treatment methods compared to pharmacological therapy and self recordings of blood pressure in essential hypertensives (preliminary report).

48 essential hypertensives were randomly assigned to (1) a behavioral treatment (n = 20), (2) a pharmacological treatment (n = 20), or (3) self recordings of BP (n = 8). Group 1 and 2 showed during 1 year of therapy comparable significant decreases of systolic and diastolic BP, whilst group 3 showed significant increases after 3 months of therapy.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Specificity of phasic heart rate responses to visual attention in essential hypertensives.

A preliminary report is given concerning phasic heart rate responses in hypertensive individuals. There is some evidence, that the expected accelerative drive appears under visual attention conditions. That is demonstrated in two typical reactions of a hypertensive and a normotensive subject and in a marked higher acceleration at several points of the response curves for the hypertensive group. Z-scores of heart periods are discussed as the appropriate measurement of phasic HR-changes from rest to stimulus conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Non-drug modification of high blood pressure].

Arterial essential patients with hypertension of the clinical degrees of severity I and II are treated either with physical training or with a psychophysiologically orientated therapy, in the centre of which stands the application of a breath-induced relaxation training. After a 4-week daily application the physical training led in 42% of the cases to a significant reduction of the blood pressure. These concerning the blood pressure trainable patients differed from the non-trainable patients among others by the following signs: higher systolic stress and recreation values before the beginning of the training, lower diastolic values, smaller familiar load by hypertension and more frequent disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism. After a 3-month psychophysiologic therapy 80% of the patients exhibited normotonic or borderline values in self-measurements of the blood pressure and at first a medicamentous treatment could not be continued. Follow-up examinations for testing the long-term effect of the two methods are necessary.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗