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Biomedical subjects

E Rodríguez

Publications and source records attributed to E Rodríguez.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Thoracic radiography in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients. Presentation forms and clinical course].

BACKGROUND: We intend to determine the frequency of the different radiographic findings of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. METHODS: We retrospectively review the chest roentgenograms of 30 patients at admission to the hospital (group I [n = 30]), at follow-up (group II [n = 30]) and after clinical recovery (group III [n = 15]). RESULTS: Diffuse bilateral interstitial disease was the most frequent radiographic finding at admission (76.6%) and at follow-up (60%). Atypical radiographic findings were: normal chest radiograph (group I [n = 3]), nodules (group I [n = 2], group II [n = 2], group III [n = 1]), thin wall cysts (group II [n = 1], group III [n = 1]), cavitated lesion (group II [n = 1], group III [n = 1]), pneumothorax (group II [n = 2], group III [n = 1]), pleural effusion (group III [n = 2]), asymmetrical distribution of the pulmonary lesion (group I [n = 2], group II [n = 3]) and predominant upper lobe involvement (group II [n = 1], group III [n = 1]). The atypical findings were greater during follow-up (group II [n = 33.3%], group III (46.6%) than at admission (group I [n = 23.4%]). CONCLUSIONS: It is important to know the frequency and multiplicity of the radiographic findings of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in order to establish the diagnosis and differentiation from other infectious diseases or other causes of pulmonary disease in patients with AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Patterns of contrast enhancement of tuberculous lymph nodes demonstrated by computed tomography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contrast-enhanced CT characteristics of pathologic thoraco-abdominal lymph nodes in 38 patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (30 without AIDS and eight with AIDS). Unenhanced scans of chest, abdomen and pelvis were also done in all cases. The CT attenuation values and the enhancement characteristics of the largest node or group of lymph nodes were evaluated in a dynamic sequence over a period of 10 min. On unenhanced CT the nodes were of low attenuation (less than 30 HU) in 18 cases and of soft tissue attenuation (greater than 35 HU) in 20 cases. Four post-contrast patterns of enhancement were found: (i) peripheral rim enhancement (n = 22); (ii) inhomogeneous enhancement (n = 8); (iii) homogeneous enhancement (n = 6); and (iv) homogeneous nonenhancing nodes (n = 2). Increase of attenuation and obliteration of perinodal fat was found in 13 cases, most of them with the peripheral rim enhancement pattern. Seven cases had a combination of enhancing patterns in the same nodal group. The central enhancement was usually moderate (mean, 30 HU) but was marked (greater than 60 HU) in three patients with the homogeneous enhancement pattern. Neither the nodal attenuation values nor the patterns of enhancement are characteristic of tuberculosis, however adenopathy showing peripheral rim-enhancement with relative low attenuation centres can suggest a diagnosis of tuberculosis in the appropriate clinical setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Development of a program of behavior modification directed to the rehabilitation of drug-dependent patients: treatment and follow-up of 223 cases.

The study reports treatment and follow-up of compulsive drug-consuming patients (mainly of coca paste). The program used was based on a behavioral cognitive and instructional model. The traditional functional analysis was modified to include the therapeutical work in seven behavioral areas: (1) drug use; (2) behavior during free time; (3) behavior at work; (4) social behavior; (5) self- and environmental management behaviors; (6) problem solving and decision-making behaviors; (7) recognition, evaluation, and modification of irrational beliefs. For each area objectives, therapeutical procedures, control and evaluation methods, and termination criteria were determined. Patients engaged in a multiple activity program and received individual and group therapy. Out of 223 male patients, 130 were discharged (that is, they fulfilled all the conditions stated by the program) and 93 patients abandoned treatment. For evaluation purposes a test was used to determine the accomplishment of the behavioral objectives. Follow-up interviews after 6 to 72 months showed that although 24 patients relapsed to drug use, 106 (81.48%) of the patients who had finished the program restrained from using drugs and obtained high scores in all seven behavioral areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Isolation of Vibrio cholerae no-01 in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica].

In a bacteriological study on samples of bivalves, mud and surface waters from the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, 18 strains of non-01 Vibrio cholerae and 50 of V. mimicus were isolated. The samples were enriched in alkaline peptone water, and streaked on MacConkey and inositol-brilliant green bile agars. Biochemical and serological tests were used for their identification. Both species were isolated from all sampling sites (Lepanto, Jicaral and Puntarenas) with either of the two agar media, even though these were not specific for vibrios.

Agar↗
PubMed1992

[Neurotoxicity caused by cyclosporin A in renal transplantation in children].

Cyclosporine is a specially useful immunosuppressor agent in children subjected to renal transplantation, minimizing the deleterious effect of steroids on growth and the development of Cushing syndrome. However, side effects which require close supervision are well known, including liver, kidney and central nervous system toxicity. Seizures, cerebellar ataxia, aphasia, paresthesia and behavioral disorders are characteristic of the latter. Hypertension and hypomagnesemia have been identified as risk factors. In contrast to nephrotoxicity, CNS toxicity is not related to plasma levels of cyclosporine. In this paper 2 patients, 10 and 11 year old, manifesting cyclosporine neurotoxicity after renal transplant, are reported.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1992

Consistent improvement in the nutritional status of Colombian children between 1965 and 1989.

Three national anthropometric surveys carried out in Colombia in 1965-1966, 1977-1980, and 1986-1989 provide a reasonably standardized basis for comparing the nutritional status of infants and young children in those years. That comparison, presented here together with appropriate socioeconomic data, indicates marked reduction of malnutrition paralleling strong socioeconomic gains.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Determination of the neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline, and dopamine in gastroduodenal mucosa. Clinical and histologic correlation].

We have studied the concentrations (pg/mg) of Neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT), Noradrenaline (NA) and Dopamine (DA) at mucosa normal and with different degrees of chronic inflammation mucosa of fundus (F), antrum (A) and duodenum (D) in 21 patients. We correlated the concentration of the neurotransmitters with each other, all of them in each region and with clinics, indirect of motility and histologic parameters. The average for 5HT in F: 940.2 +/- 457.4; in A: 787.5 +/- 407.0; in D: 601.6 +/- 272.0; for NA in F: 217.5 +/- 138.7; in A: 228.4 +/- 126.5; in D: 245.7 +/- 118.6 for DA in F: 50.7 +/- 32.2; in A: 46.3 +/- 31.5; in D: 53.0 +/- 45.6. The statistical analysis showed a significant correlation of DA concentration with lymphoplasmocytic infiltrated in Duodenum (r = 0,94). not any other parameter had significative relation with the neurotransmitters variations. We established that the variations of the neurotransmitter concentrations of the antrum mucosa are more associated with the duodenum than with the gastric fundus.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Isolation and various properties of proteinase I from the venom of the Peruvian snake Lachesis muta].

A proteolytic enzyme with high activity on casein was purified from Lachesis muta snake venom. This protein called "Proteinase I" was obtained using a gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100 at pH 6.5, 0.1 M Ammonium acetate buffer, followed by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Cellulose at pH 7.5 and re-chromatographed on DEAE-Cellulose at pH 9.0 and 7.8 in Tris-HC1 buffer. A homogeneous band was obtained with the isolated protein on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A molecular weight of 25,100 by gel filtration and an optimum pH of 8.4 were found for this enzyme. A total enzymatic activity was kept after a heating at 45 degrees C for ten minutes while the activity at 70 degrees C was 4% only. Synthetic esters as TAME and BAEE were not attacked by this enzyme. The activity was not affected by calcium ions and hemorrhagic action was not observed either.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[First isolation of Clostridium tetani from soils of Meseta Central, Costa Rica].

Clinical evidence has long pointed to the existence of Clostridium tetani in Costa Rica. Thirty soil samples were studied for clostridia, and two yielded six strains of C. tetani, four of which proved to be toxigenic when mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with the culture supernates. These four isolates could be neutralized when their toxic supernates were admixed with tetanus antitoxin.

Clostridium tetani↗
PubMed1990

Detection of cows' milk in ewes' milk and cheese by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was successfully developed for the detection of defined amounts of cows' milk (1-50%) in sheeps' milk and cheese. The assay used polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbits against bovine caseins (BC). The anti-BC antibodies were recovered from the crude antiserum by immunoadsorption and elution from a column containing BC. The antibodies were biotinylated and rendered cows' milk specific by mixing them with lyophilized ovine and caprine caseins. ExtrAvidin-peroxidase was used to detect the biotinylated anti-BC antibodies bound to BC immobilized on 96-well plates. Subsequent enzymic conversion of substrate gave clear absorbance differences when assaying mixtures of sheeps' milk and cheese containing variable amounts of cows' milk.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Pseudotumor cerebri complicating typhoid fever.

The case of a 22-year-old patient is described, who developed a clinical picture of pseudotumor cerebri in the course of typhoid fever, an association not previously described. The patient progressed favorably after treatment with amoxicillin. The etiopathogenesis of pseudotumor cerebri is briefly discussed, as is the need to study the possible existence of this disorder in cases of typhoid fever patients with headaches and/or visual deficits which are not readily explained.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A comparative study of myelography and CAT in patients with lumbo-sciatica].

One hundred patients with acute lumbo sciatica symptoms probably due to disc hernia, have been studied. A CT scan and a myelography was performed in all patients. The clinical and radiologic (myelography and CT scan) findings have been evaluated in three categories based on their intensity and a correlation between these three parameters has been performed. Our results show a positivity of 94% in the clinical signs, 87% in the myelography findings and 88% in CT scan findings. The correlation results show that in very severe lumbo sciatica syndromes there is a greater positivity in the myelography than in CT scan findings and that there could be big radiologic changes without a clear clinical repercussion.

Acute Disease↗