PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Rodríguez Pinilla

Publications and source records attributed to E Rodríguez Pinilla.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Is metronidazole teratogenic? A meta-analysis.

AIM: In order to assess whether the use of metronidazole during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of congenital malformations, a meta-analysis was conducted. METHODS: All epidemiological studies (cohort and case-control) which estimate risk of congenital malformations after exposure to metronidazole during early pregnancy were included in the meta-analysis. To obtain a summary odds ratio, the Mantel-Haenszel method was used. A test to verify absence of heterogeneity was also performed. RESULTS: One unpublished case-control and four published cohort studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were not statistically heterogeneous. A summary odds ratio was calculated for metronidazole exposure during the first trimester: OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.90-1.29, heterogeneity test chi2 = 4.72, P = 0.32. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis did not find any relationship between metronidazole exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy and birth defects.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1997

[Low birth weight as an additional indication for chromosomal analysis].

INTRODUCTION: Even though there are few epidemiological studies evaluating the birth weights of different groups of malformed babies with chromosomal abnormalities, it is widely known that infants with trisomy 18, and to a lesser degree those with trisomy 13 and other chromosomal alterations, have low birth weights. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study we present the analysis of the birth weights and gestational ages of a large sample of babies (23,155 malformed and a similar number of nonmalformed babies), separating the different groups of chromosomal anomalies and comparing the weight in the clinical groups of malformed infants. RESULTS: Most of the groups with chromosomal abnormalities present lower birth weights in comparison to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study support the conclusion that the relationship between chromosomal alterations and low birth weight is sufficiently important that such a low birth weight in children with minor or major anomalies should be considered as one more indication to perform chromosomal analysis.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1996

[Syndromes with neural tube defects: epidemiologic analysis in Spain].

OBJECTIVE: We present, from an epidemiological perspective, the analysis of syndromes which present neural tube defects (NTD). Although there are many epidemiological studies on NTD all over the world, most of them are on isolated NTD; that is, when the infant only has NTD as the only anomaly. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The methodology is based on the review of hospital records of infants with congenital anomalies. This permitted the analysis of the prevalence. RESULTS: The results show that the frequency of syndromes with NTD is 27.5 time higher among stillborn infants than among liveborn infants. Nevertheless, there are not many syndromes in which the NTD are present more or less frequently. In fact, only 1.93% of the total cases with syndromes presented NTD, with the majority (43.4%) with genetic etiology. We also analyze the specific types of syndromes with NTD.

Fetal Death↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical diagnosis of Down's syndrome based on 11 signs. Epidemiological analysis of the specificity of the studied signs].

OBJECTIVE: Down's syndrome (trisomy 21) is the most frequent viable chromosomal abnormality, as well as the only one that can be postnatally diagnosed on the basis of a series of clinical signs. However, none is specific by itself. It is generally accepted that the diagnosis can be made on the basis of the concurrence of a large number of signs. Nevertheless, since most of the clinical signs can be observed in the general population, each one of them has a different level of specificity for the diagnosis of Down's syndrome, depending on its frequency in every population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have studied in our population the frequency and specificity of 11 signs for the diagnosis of Down's syndrome by using data from the Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC). RESULTS: The analysis of the 11 signs shows great specificity for some of them and for the concurrence of four or more. CONCLUSIONS: We consider that although the final diagnosis will come from chromosomal analysis, it can be very useful to have indicators available for the clinical diagnosis at birth. This is extremely important so that the corresponding chromosomal analysis is immediately performed, which will result in early and correct information to the parents.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

[Etiologic distribution of children with congenital defects].

INTRODUCTION: Although it has been generally admitted that we know the cause of congenital malformations in about 40% of the cases, these data are based on very few studies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Here we present the distribution of 22,784 malformed infants in our country by type of cause of their defects. RESULTS: Our results show a great impact of chromosomal alterations in causing congenital anomalies. On the other hand, performing the chromosomal study will enable the diagnosis of genetic entities, as well as environmental ones that are clinically similar to the clinical patterns produced by chromosomal abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: We can recognize the cause of congenital defects in a proportion higher than the 40% which is generally accepted. Nowadays, there is no reason that justifies not performing a chromosomal study with high resolution band techniques in infants with congenital defects.

Congenital Abnormalities↗