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Biomedical subjects

E Rodrigues

Publications and source records attributed to E Rodrigues.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Exostosis of the external auditory canal: clinical and therapeutic aspects].

Based on the study of 25 cases, the authors recall the frequency and pathogeny of these lesions, specifying the surgical technique and presenting their results. The risks of this surgery lie in the ever possible impairment of the facial nerve and labyrinthization on treble frequencies (2 cases). The incidents are tympanic perforation (1 case) and the opening of the temporomandibular joint. It is not always possible to preserve the skin of the external auditory canal. It can be reconstructed by a free (3 cases) or pedicle (3 cases) graft of more simply in case of small loss of substance by a temporal fascia graft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Blood glucose partition and levels of glycolytic enzymes in erythrocytes and somatic tissues of penguins.

1. A comparative study was carried out on blood glucose partition and glucose metabolism of penguin erythrocytes and somatic tissues. Pygoscelidae penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica and P. papua) were used in these experiments. 2. Blood glucose partition was established by assaying whole blood and plasma glucose in several individuals of the gentoo and chinstrap penguins. 3. It was found that almost all the whole blood sugar is compartmentalized at the plasma site, the red blood cells being ineffective in regard to glucose metabolism. 4. Levels of hexokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphofructokinase, fructose bisphosphate aldolase, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase), pyruvate kinase, alpha-glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase and fructose bisphosphate phosphatase were estimated in the erythrocytes of both gentoo and chinstrap penguins, the same determinations being carried out also on the somatic tissues (leg muscle, breast muscle, heart muscle, liver and brain) of the gentoo.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effectiveness of acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, in uncontrolled non-obese non-insulin dependent diabetes.

The effect of acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, on glycaemic control, was compared with placebo in a double-blind, randomised, group comparison study during 16 weeks in 20 non-obese non-insulin dependent diabetic patients in whom sulphonylurea treatment had been withdrawn. There was significant deterioration in glycaemic control as assessed by HbA1 following withdrawal of the sulphonylurea. There was no significant improvement in HbA1 between weeks 0 and 16 in either the acarbose (11.3% and 12.4% respectively) or the placebo group (10.6% and 12.2% respectively). In both the acarbose and placebo treated groups fasting glucose and insulin concentrations were unaltered. This study also suggests that acarbose was not an effective substitute for sulphonylureas in non-obese Type 2 diabetes uncontrolled by diet alone.

Acarbose↗
PubMed1987

Metabolic activity of the Sticker's lymphosarcoma.

Some parameters (glycolysis, respiration, levels of glycolytic enzymes) of the lymphoid cells from the Sticker's lymphosarcoma were established in order to better define the biochemical behavior of the venereal tumor of the dog. For comparative purposes lymphocytes from peripheral blood of normal and tumor-bearing dogs were also studied. Lactic acid produced by the tumor cells during aerobic glycolysis is liberated in the reaction medium. Oxygen uptake is enhanced in the presence of succinate, but not with pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, or malate as substrates. Higher levels of some of the enzymes from the glycolytic pathways as well as differences on the physicochemical and kinetic properties of the glycolytic regulatory enzymes are found in Sticker's tumor cells, when compared with the lymphocytes from peripheral blood of normal and tumor-bearing dogs. A fructose-bisphosphate positively modulated pyruvatekinase is found in the tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Kinetic properties of pyruvate kinase from the epaxial muscle of the marine fishes Mugil lisa and Chaetoditerus faber.

Kinetic studies were carried out on the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate kinase (ATP:pyruvate phosphotransferase, E.C. 2.7.1.40) purified from white striated (epaxial) muscle of two marine fish Mugil lisa (Brazilian mullet) and Chaetoditerus faber (harvest fish). This included the establishment of kinetic parameters. Attention was given to the effect of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru-P2) on PK activity. Effects of ATP, alanine and the divalent ions, Mg2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Be2+ and Co2+, on the fish muscle enzyme were also studied.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1987

Mathematical model of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance to amikacin and gentamicin.

1. The resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to amikacin and gentamicin was studied by a mathematical model to predict the rate of sensitivity decrease. The results accurately matched experimental data, showing that the model is a reliable predicting tool. 2. The observations were carried out over six years and included 2677 cultures that were positive for K. pneumoniae. At the beginning of the observation period, 85.7% of the cultures were sensitive to amikacin and 40.8% were sensitive to gentamicin. Sensitivity to amikacin showed a surprisingly rapid decrease; at the end of the experimental period, amikacin and gentamicin sensitivities were 33.3% and 27.8%, respectively. 3. We conclude that patterns of resistance of other bacteria could be investigated using this method.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1986

A comprehensive clinical validation of the nuclear stethoscope.

Five studies were conducted to examine the degree of variability to be expected during the use of the non-imaging nuclear probe (BIOS Inc.) under a variety of clinical conditions. Comparison of the ejection fraction (EF) readings between the nuclear probe and a gamma camera showed good agreement, with the nuclear probe tending to underestimate lower, and overestimate higher camera EF values [mean (S.D.) difference, 0.84% (6.06)]. A comparison of two nuclear probes showed a small mean (S.D.) difference of EF readings of 0.063% (2.26). EF readings obtained in normal subjects 6 weeks apart were reproducible and differed by a mean (S.D.) of 0.23% (4.42). The administration of placebo to 10 normal subjects followed by sequential measurements for 4 h produced EF changes large enough to mimic a clinical effect, the largest hourly change observed being 5.4%, indicating the need for strict placebo control in interventional experiments. Data on four patients with heart failure showed small non-significant EF changes in the 1 h after placebo administration but a wide intra-subject range of ejection time and time to peak filling measurements. This highlights the problem of accurate, reproducible cursor placement in such patients. The nuclear probe is a portable, low cost instrument which produces accurate EF measurements when compared with the gamma camera.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Preoperative prediction of prosthesis size using cross sectional echocardiography in patients requiring aortic valve replacement.

In 43 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis with or without regurgitation the accuracy of preoperative left ventricular angiography, parasternal long axis cross sectional echocardiography of left ventricular outflow tract and proximal ascending aorta, and M mode echocardiography of aortic root in predicting aortic root size and thereby prosthesis size was compared. Cross sectional echocardiographic measurements and angiographic measurements of aortic root correlated well with prosthesis size, with over two thirds of the indirect measurements being within 2 mm of prosthesis diameter. M mode echocardiography did not yield useful predictive information. Non-invasive preoperative evaluation of patients likely to require aortic valve replacement may be usefully extended to include aortic root dimensions measured by cross sectional echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of sustained-release clonidine and long-acting propranolol in the treatment of hypertension.

A double-blind crossover trial was undertaken to compare the efficacy of sustained-release clonidine and long-acting propranolol in the treatment of 20 patients (8 males and 12 females) with sustained hypertension. Each patient was stabilized with metoprolol with or without diuretic therapy prior to admission to the trial. Long-acting propranolol in a once daily dosage of 160 mg proved to be effective over a 6-week period of treatment with no significant side-effects. Sustained-release clonidine in a single daily dosage of 0.25 mg was also effective over a similar period, but side-effects were more common. Although none were serious, they were sufficiently troublesome to result in 5 patients withdrawing from the trial. Despite this, sustained-release clonidine was considered a suitable drug for the treatment of hypertensive patients in whom beta-blockade is unsuitable.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effectiveness of a 'thrombolysis nurse' in shortening delay to thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a specialist cardiac nurse would improve delay to thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction (MI). SUBJECTS: Patients presenting with chest pain to a district general hospital. METHOD: Comparison of: a) door-to-needle times of patients with 'definite' MI when the nurse was on and off duty (15 months) and prior to her employment (3 months); b) pain-to-needle times for definite MI; and c) door-to-needle times of patients without definite MI on first electrocardiogram (ECG) but who subsequently qualified for thrombolysis. RESULTS: Of 365 patients included in the study, 289 had definite MI. Before the appointment of a thrombolysis nurse, door-to-needle times were 0% at 30 minutes, 7% at 45 minutes and 34% at 60 minutes. Since the appointment, with the nurse on-duty, they have improved to 58%, 91% and 100% respectively, a saving of 36 minutes in median door-to-needle time (p = 0.0001). There was a median saving of 95 minutes in pain-to-needle times with the thrombolysis nurse on duty compared with off duty (p = 0.0001). Finally, with the nurse on duty there was also a saving of 36 minutes in median door-to-needle time in patients in whom the first ECG was non-diagnostic for MI (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: A thrombolysis nurse produced a dramatic improvement in median door-to-needle and pain-to-needle times in patients presenting with definite MI. This would lead to an additional 41 lives saved at 30 months per 1,000 patients treated. With 24-hour thrombolysis nurse cover, this would potentially lead to 8 additional lives saved at 30 months at a cost of 12,300 Pounds each. There was also a striking improvement in door-to-needle times for patients presenting with a non-diagnostic first ECG who subsequently qualified for thrombolysis.

Emergency Service, Hospital↗