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E Romanowski

Publications and source records attributed to E Romanowski.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Recovery of a latent HSV-1 thymidine kinase negative strain following iontophoresis and co-cultivation in the ocularly-infected rabbit model.

Previous studies in the mouse and guinea pig have reported little or no colonization of sensory ganglia by strains of herpes simplex type 1 failing to express the enzyme, thymidine kinase (TK). The current study in the rabbit demonstrated trigeminal ganglionic colonization and reactivation of a latent thymidine kinase negative strain of HSV-1 by two independent methods: iontophoresis-induced ocular shedding and co-cultivation. Treatment with topical steroids during the acute infection did not enhance the latency rate. Following reactivation, back mutation with phenotypic reversion to thymidine kinase positive was demonstrated in a few recovered isolates. The current study also emphasized the importance of species differences to explain differing experimental results in studies of HSV-1 TK negative latency.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Efficacy of glycoprotein inhibitors alone and in combination with trifluridine in the treatment of murine herpetic keratitis.

The present study examined the anti-herpetic effect of the glycoprotein inhibitors, hydroxynorvaline and 2-deoxyglucose, alone and in combination with trifluridine on murine ocular herpes. Following ocular inoculation with a large dose of HSV-1 RE strain (10(6) pfu), ICR mice were treated during the acute infection with different therapeutic regimens, and their efficacy was evaluated by ocular virus titers, clinical grading of blepharo-conjunctivitis and histological evaluation of stromal keratitis and iridocyclitis. The results following a large dose HSV-1 inoculum demonstrated that trifluridine was the best single therapeutic agent. Hydroxynorvaline and 2-deoxyglucose had no effect at all. Combination therapy of the glycoprotein inhibitors with trifluridine was no better than trifluridine alone. The mouse HSV-1 keratitis model proved to be an effective, economical alternative to the rabbit model for the evaluation of new antiviral agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The development of an improved murine iontophoresis reactivation model for the study of HSV-1 latency.

The present study reviews the development of an effective murine iontophoresis reactivation model for the study of HSV-1 latency. In a series of experiments, Balb C mice latently infected with HSV-1 McKrae strain were iontophoresed with epinephrine X 3 days (EPI X 3/ION) or 6-hydroxydopamine X 1 day followed by topical epinephrine (6-HD ION/EPI). Reactivation and recovery of latent HSV-1 was determined by daily ocular swabs, titration, and neutralization. Additional studies determined the effect of topical ocular steroids on viral recovery rate. The results demonstrated no recovery of McKrae strain in Balb C (0%) with EPI X 3/ION, and no enhancement with topical steroids. 6-HD ION/EPI demonstrated a low recovery rate in mice (8%). However, the recovery rate was significantly increased to 50% by the addition of topical steroids to form the 6-HD ION/EPI/STEROID model, a useful experimental tool. The substitution of a clinical isolate, W strain, for McKrae strain further improved the model. The results demonstrated that, following the acute infection in mice, W strain was associated with a significantly higher (P = .001) survival rate than McKrae strain (81% vs. 52%). There was no statistically significant difference between the two strains, W vs McKrae, in Balb C mice comparing keratitis, establishment of latency (by co-cultivation), spontaneous shedding rate, or induced ocular shedding following iontophoresis. The development of an effective murine iontophoresis model offers an economical method which is uniquely suited for immunological and genetic studies of HSV-1 latency.

Administration, Topical↗