Blood groups and tetanus antitoxin titres.
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ABO Blood-Group System↗
Biomedical subjects
E S Parry
Publications and source records attributed to E S Parry.
A clinical study of low molecular weight-hydroxyethyl starch, a new plasma expander.
1. The pharmacokinetics of a new plasma expander, low molecular weight-hydroxyethyl starch (LMW-HES) were examined in six normovolaemic men. 2. One hour post-infusion, 13.5% of the total dose of LMW-HES injected was excreted in the urine, 50.2% was present in the intravascular space, and 36.3% was unaccounted for. 3. Twenty-four hours post-infusion, 65.5% of the total dose of injected LMW-HES had been excreted in the urine, 4.1% remained intravascularly, and 30.4% was unaccounted for. 4. The plasma volume increased rapidly from a mean value of 45.7 ml kg-1 to a maximum value of 57.9 ml kg-1 immediately post-injection, then gradually returned to normal over 24 h. 5. The infusion of an average of 58.1 g had no effect on ESR, renal and hepatic biochemical indices. 6. LMW-HES appears to be safe and effective, and should be of value clinically when rapid and short-lived augmentation of the plasma volume is required.
Adult↗
Transfusion of hydroxyethylated amylopectin-protected frozen blood in man. I. Plasma clearance and renal excretion of the cryoprotectant.
In man following the autologous transfusion of blood previously frozen with 14% low molecular weight-hydroxyethylated amylopectin (cryo-HES), the clearance of this material from the intravascular space was compound, and appeared to consist of exponential components. The overall half-life -- however, was 10.6 +/- 3.0 (SD) h. Approximately 17% of the total infused cryo-HES was excreted in the urine 1 h postinjection, and 40% by 72 h. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was not affected by the presence of this substance in the bloodstream of the recipient. The results indicate that cryo-HES is removed rapidly following the transfusion of blood previously frozen with this material.
Adult↗
Plasma clearance and renal excretion of erythrocyte cryoprotectant hydroxyethylated amylopectin.
The value of low molecular weight-hydroxyethylated amylopectin (cryo-HES) as an extracellular cryoprotectant has been demonstrated in vitro. It is important that details of the intravascular persistence and urinary excretion be determined to compare with data already available as other grades of HES and with data on transfusion of cryo-HES cryoprotected blood. Following a single 400 ml (14% solution) infusion in man, the intravascular clearance of cryo-HES was well described mathematically by the equation: y = 3.30+6.49e-0.15kappa. The plasma concentration of cryo-HES fell to half its peak value in approximately 9.6 h. Approximately 20% of the total infused cryo-HES was excreted in the urine during the first post-injection hour, and 50% by 72 h. The ESR was not altered significantly by the presence of this material. The present study indicates that cryo-HES is eliminated rapidly and may thus be safe for transfusion to recipients of frozen blood.
Adult↗
Sunlight and hypercalciuria.
Urinary calcium and magnesium excretion was measured in two groups of soldiers leaving the temperate climate of the united Kingdom for service in the Persian Gulf. In one group urinary calcium levels and magnesium/calcium ratios were similar, ten days after arrival in the Gulf during the "cold season", to those found in the U.K. The other group went to the Gulf in the "hot season", and calcium excretion rose immediately to levels comparable with those found in the first group after eight months. Mg/Ca ratios fell to levels seen in stonformers, and 2 of 91 soldiers followed up for three years have had urinary calculi. Increased exposure to sunlight seems to be the most likely cause of the hypercalciuria.
Acclimatization↗