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Biomedical subjects

E S VALENSTEIN

Publications and source records attributed to E S VALENSTEIN.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1964

INTERACTION OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE REINFORCING NEURAL SYSTEMS.

Evidence is presented indicating that the repetitive turning on and off of reinforcing brain stimulation is not a special property of restricted hypothalamic and tegmental areas. Results from a sample of 22 diverse hypothalamic, septal, amygdala, and hippocampal sites suggest that such behavior can be obtained from most neural areas from which self-stimulation behavior may be elicited. Questions thus arise about the location of aversive neural systems when aversion is considered as being expressed by the act of terminating positively reinforcing brain stimulation.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1964

CONTINUOUS OPPORTUNITY FOR REINFORCING BRAIN STIMULATION.

The performance of a rat provided with continuous opportunity to obtain reinforcing brain stimulation over a 20-day period is described in detail. The animal averaged 29.2 responses per min during the entire time. Testing session was terminated by experimenters, but a day-by-day analysis of behavior provided no evidence that the animal would have stopped responding.

Animals↗
PubMed1963

Heart rate changes after reinforcing brain stimulation in rats.

Cardiac responses to hypothalamic and septal stimulation are polyphasic, the first component being accelerative. As interstimulus intervals are decreased, only accelerative components appear, but prestimulus heart rates ("background levels") are decreased upon septal and are either increased or unchanged upon hypothalamic stimulation. The suggestion that parasympathetic responses accompany reinforcing brain stimulation was not supported.

Animals↗
PubMed1962

Reinforcing brain stimulation in competition with water reward and shock avoidance.

Employing response rate as the index of reinforcing strength in self-stimulation experiments is questioned. With water reward or shock avoidance placed in competition with brain stimulation, self-stimulation rate does not reflect relative reinforcement value. The results agree with preference tests which show that, for a given electrode site, stimulus intensity, not rate, is directly related to reward strength.

Brain↗