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Biomedical subjects

E Santangelo

Publications and source records attributed to E Santangelo.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Nitric oxide inhibits neutrophil adhesion during experimental extracorporeal circulation.

BACKGROUND: Myocardial and pulmonary injuries often occur after cardiopulmonary bypass, mediated in part by neutrophil activation and adhesion to endothelial cells. The effects of nitric oxide (NO) administration on neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells after simulated extracorporeal circulation were investigated. METHODS: Two identical extracorporeal circulation circuits were primed with fresh human blood and circulated for 2 h at 37 degrees C. Nitric oxide at a 40-ppm concentration was added to one of the oxygenators in each pair. Neutrophil CD11b/CD18 expression and their adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers were assayed in leukocytes isolated from samples drawn from the circuit 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after circulation began. In another series of experiments, blocking monoclonal antibodies to both neutrophil CD11b and CD18 were incubated with polymorphonuclear leukocytes after removal from the circuit before the adhesion assay. RESULTS: After 60 min of circulation, the neutrophils from NO-treated circuits showed significantly reduced CD11b/CD18 surface expression compared with the control group. There was also a significant reduction in neutrophil-endothelial adhesion in the NO group after 120 min of circulation. Monoclonal antibodies to both CD11b and CD18 significantly inhibited the adhesion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes at endothelial cells after 120 min of circulation. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that neutrophil activation occurs during cardiopulmonary bypass. The addition of NO to the circuits of extracorporeal circulation significantly affects neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Tracheal rupture secondary to orotracheal intubation.

A case of tracheal rupture due to orotracheal intubation performed for anaesthesiological procedures is described. It is very likely that this rare complication was favoured by some anatomical factors, which were responsible for a difficult intubation. Tracheal rupture was diagnosed by endoscopy and treated by a decompressive tracheostomy.

Female↗
PubMed1968

Effect of chloramphenicol on the synthesis and stability of ribonucleic acid in Bacillus subtilis.

The effect of chloramphenicol on the synthesis and accumulation of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in Bacillus subtilis was studied. In the presence of chloramphenicol, transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA were synthesized as rapidly 2 to 3 hr after challenge as they were just prior to the addition of the antibiotic. However, under the same conditions, net RNA accumulation ceased after only 30 to 45 min. The failure to accumulate RNA after this time resulted from a rapid degradation of ribosomal RNA synthesized in the presence of chloramphenicol and a slow degradation of mature ribosomes. Since transfer RNA was not appreciably degraded, the ratio of transfer RNA to total RNA increased during the challenge.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1967

Medium-dependent alteration of lysine transfer ribonucleic acid in sporulating Bacillus subtilis cells.

The presence of the altered lysine transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) in Bacillus subtilis spores is strongly dependent on the medium on which the cells were sporulated. Cells sporulated on synthetic media or dilute complex media contain little or none of the new component, whereas those sporulated on concentrated complex media accumulate the altered tRNA. The accumulation begins during the fifth or sixth stage of sporulation, the formation of the tunic, and the appearance of refractility, respectively. Mutants blocked early in sporulation differ in their ability to accumulate the altered tRNA when cultured on the same complex medium. Of the four mutants examined, one failed to accumulate any of the RNA, whereas a second contained the full complement characteristic of spores. The third and fourth mutant contained small amounts of the material. It is tentatively concluded that the accumulation of the altered lysine tRNA is not obligate to sporulation but is an epiphenomenon of the process.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multifactorial surgical risk index of the development of respiratory complications].

Respiratory events are between the most frequent postoperative complications. The preoperative conditions associated with postoperative respiratory failure were evaluated in a prospective study of 1182 patients from six Italian Surgical Units. Multiple regression logistic analysis was employed for statistical evaluation and a predictive prognostic score was derived. Only the presence of the following conditions was significant in affecting postoperative respiratory outcomes: preoperative respiratory and cardiac failure, hypotransferrinemia, prolonged surgical procedures (above the 2 hours) and peroperative bacterial contamination. Advanced age did not appear as a major risk factor. Studies on the predetermination of the pulmonary complications have been widely published. Historical risk factors include the presence of respiratory disease, smoking habits, obesity and thoracic or upper abdominal surgical procedures. Although the results of the present study need a prospective confirmation, the predictive scoring system proves to be a usefull tool that can be employed in most of the General Surgery Units.

Abdomen↗