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E Sauerbrei

Publications and source records attributed to E Sauerbrei.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

High-resolution sonography of the abnormal cranial suture.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation is to elucidate the sonographic features of abnormal major cranial sutures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight excised synostosed suture specimens were evaluated. The high-resolution sonographic appearance was correlated with the histological section, plain radiographs, CT and MRI. Diastatic and molded sutures were also evaluated with sonography and compared with the normal cranial suture appearance. RESULTS: Synostosed sutures demonstrated one or more of the following features: (a) loss of echo-poor fibrous gap between bony plates (five sagittal and coronal synostoses); (b) irregular thickened inner sutural margin (three lambdoid synostoses); (c) loss of bevelled edge (one lambdoid synostosis); (d) asymmetric anterior fontanelle (one coronal synostosis). Cranial molding results in an overlap of echogenic bony plates. Sutural width (the distance between bony plates) is increased in cases of elevated intracranial pressure. CONCLUSION: Sonography is an inexpensive, radiation-free modality which can confirm synostosis versus molding versus an underlying intracranial lesion as a cause of plagiocephaly. The high-resolution sonographic images also provide a relatively easy means to assess sutural width and may provide information in regard to increased intracranial pressure.

Cranial Sutures↗
PubMed1998

Radiology residents' research in Canada: status of infrastructure.

OBJECTIVE: To survey all Canadian radiology residency training programs concerning their programs in research and critical inquiry, in order to assess the status of the research infrastructure for residents. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed through consensus among the radiology research directors in Canadian training programs. RESULTS: Fourteen of the 16 universities have a research and critical inquiry program, although there is considerable variation in the components and structure of the programs. Many programs do not have personnel, funds or written guidelines for their operation. Didactic aspects of research, such as biostatistics, ethics and quality assurance, are widely taught and thought to be important. Similarly, there is widespread agreement on which methods qualify for research projects, such as departmental audits or retrospective chart reviews. However, except for requiring a presentation at a research day, very few residency programs view research work as essential to the completion of training. The commitment to research programs is strong, as evidenced by the time devoted by residents and mentors and the funds made available for presentations. CONCLUSION: This survey provides information to assist in the development of individual programs and national guidelines for radiology residency programs in critical inquiry and research.

Canada↗
PubMed1997

Sonography of normal cranial sutures.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the normal sonographic appearance and measurement of normal major cranial sutures in neonates and infants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: High-resolution sonograms of sagittal, coronal, and lambdoid sutures were obtained for two autopsy specimens and correlated with histologic sections obtained at identical locations. Also, 50 neonates and infants (0-5 months old [corrected age]) who had normally shaped craniums underwent sonography of the brain that produced normal findings. These neonates and infants also underwent sutural sonograms. The width and thickness of each of the major cranial sutures (sagittal, coronal, and lambdoid) were measured, with mean values established. Measurements were analyzed with paired t tests for interobserver variability. Linear regression was used for correlation of measurements with age. RESULTS: With a scan plane perpendicular to the suture line, sonograms revealed sutures as hypoechoic gaps between two hyperechoic bony plates. On sonograms, sagittal sutures had an end-to-end appearance instead of the beveled junction seen throughout most of the coronal and lambdoid sutures. In the 50 patients, sonograms revealed the mean width to be 0.89 +/- 0.35 mm (mean +/- SD) for coronal sutures. 0.93 +/- 0.28 mm for sagittal sutures, and 0.96 +/- 0.39 mm for lambdoid sutures. On sonograms, mean thickness was 1.97 +/- 0.54 mm for coronal sutures, 1.88 +/- 0.56 mm for sagittal sutures, and 2.49 +/- 0.86 mm for lambdoid sutures. We found no interobserver variability (p < or = .05). With linear regression analysis, we found no correlation between suture width or thickness and patient age (r = .01). CONCLUSION: In our study, high-resolution sonography proved to be a reliable and inexpensive technique capable of defining cranial sutures. Preliminary normative data obtained for cranial suture width and thickness showed no correlation with age in our population group. The normative data obtained will allow recognition of abnormal sutures, particularly synostotic or diastatic sutures.

Cranial Sutures↗
PubMed1992

Ultrasonographic and radiologic evaluation of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

The first 30 patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ont., were studied by abdominal ultrasonography and abdominal roentgenography 24 hours after the procedure. The ultrasonogram appeared normal in 21 of the 29 patients in whom laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successful. In six of the eight patients with an abnormal ultrasonogram a tiny collection of fluid was identified in the gallbladder fossa; in two patients retained intraperitoneal stones were identified (one of these patients also had a small fluid loculus); and one patient had a small amount of free fluid in Morrison's pouch. This last patient was subsequently found to have a retained common-bile-duct stone, which required endoscopic removal. Plain films showed moderate to large amounts of retained gas intraperitoneally in only three patients. Colonic distension was recorded in 23 of the 28 patients studied, suggesting a partial colonic ileus. Residual pneumoperitoneum and colonic distension did not correlate with any untoward clinical findings. This study demonstrates that most patients have complete reabsorption of their pneumoperitoneum within 24 hours of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and that small amounts of fluid in the gallbladder fossa and mild to moderate colonic distension are not significant in terms of operative complications.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

Two unusual causes of dysphagia: a pictorial essay.

Dysphagia was the presenting symptom in two adult patients. One had a mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst, the other a pulmonary sling. The role of imaging methods in making the diagnoses is illustrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sealed rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm imitating metastatic carcinoma.

We report the case of a 53-year-old man in whom rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with a large retroperitoneal hematoma caused pressure erosion and destruction of lumbar vertebrae. The bone destruction was thought to represent metastasis from a bronchogenic carcinoma. Only after 18 months of gradual clinical deterioration with presumed metastatic cancer to the lumbar spine was the true nature of his disease recognized. After the ruptured aortic aneurysm was repaired, rapid recovery occurred and the retroperitoneal hematoma gradually was resorbed.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1985

Septic arthritis of the hip joint: sonographic and CT findings.

Two patients with acute bacterial arthritis of the hip joint were suspected clinically to have a psoas abscess. For this reason a computed tomographic scan of the abdomen and pelvis (two patients) and ultrasonography (one patient) were requested. These scans showed no evidence of an abscess in the abdominal cavity nor retroperitoneum but did demonstrate a hip joint effusion which was compatible with septic arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of techniques for induction of ovulation in outpatients employing pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone.

The efficacy, safety, and patient's acceptance of intravenous and subcutaneous therapy with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) with the use of either an autoinfusion pump or a smaller manual pen pump delivery system have been evaluated during the induction of ovulation in outpatients with hypothalamic hypogonadotropic amenorrhea. An ovulatory response to intravenous GnRH was highly reproducible, even at low doses, and complications associated with the intravenous route of delivery were infrequent and readily treated. Although no complications were observed during subcutaneous GnRH therapy, the response to the subcutaneous route of delivery was unpredictable over a wide range of dosages and delivery schedules. The pen pump was rated more highly by subjects than the autoinfusion pump, because the pen pump was both light and inconspicuous.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intracranial tuberous sclerosis in infancy.

Transfontanelle sonograms and CT scans of the brain were obtained in 2 infants with tuberous sclerosis. Each modality showed typical subependymal nodules in both infants, as well as a large mass adjacent to the foramen of Monro in one of them; in the other, peripheral cortical tubers were clearly outlined with CT but not detected by ultrasound.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Observer variation in lower limb venography.

Three radiologists examined 34 venograms (68 limbs) performed supine without fluoroscopy for evidence of thrombosis. At 11 major veins in each limb they stated whether thrombus was "absent," "doubtful," "presumed" or "definite" or expressed " "no opinion." Data were analyzed by using the kappa statistic, which corrects for chance agreement. Results were compared with those from a previous study in which two of the observers assessed venograms performed under fluoroscopic control with the patient semi-erect. In the present study observers expressed "no opinion" much more often, particularly for anterior tibial and iliac veins. With these examinations excluded, the extent of observer variation was similar in the two studies, disagreement about the presence of thrombus occurring in about 10% of examinations. The frequency with which the diagnosis of thrombus remains in doubt severely limits the value of venography performed supine without fluoroscopy. Fluoroscopically-controlled examinations in the semi-erect position are preferable.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasound demonstration of the normal fetal yolk sac.

Using high-resolution real-time ultrasound in the first trimester of pregnancy, we have been able to demonstrate, in addition to the fetus, the yolk sac and the amniotic membrane. Pitfalls to avoid in first-trimester pregnancies include (a) mistaking the yolk sac for a second separate fetus, (b) including the yolk sac in the crown-rump length, and (c) misinterpreting the amniotic membrane for a septum between two separate gestational sacs.

Amnion↗
PubMed1979

Hypogammaglobulinemia and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the gut.

A 34-year-old female had longstanding hypogammaglobulinemia associated with extensive nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) of the small bowel, colon and gallbladder. The characteristic appearance in double contrast barium studies should alert the radiologist to the possibility of hypogammaglobulinemia.

Adult↗