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Biomedical subjects

E Segre

Publications and source records attributed to E Segre.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Cloprednol bioavailability in humans.

The bioavailability of cloprednol, a new systemic corticosteroid, was examined in a 12-subject crossover study in which two capsules, a tablet, and a solution were tested. Plasma was analyzed for cloprednol by a GLC-mass spectrometric method. The biological half-life, peak plasma concentration, peak time, plasma concentration at all sampling times, and plasma areas were evaluated for differences (p less than or equal to 0.05) in comparisons of pairs among the four formulations. An analysis of variance revealed that cloprednol was absorbed to the same extent from all formulations and rapidly cleared from the plasma with a half-life of 1.86 +/- 0.36 (SD) hr. All plasma profile parameters from the solid dose formulations were the same, demonstrating bioequivalence in both rate and extent of absorption. Significant differences were observed between the solution and solid dose formulations with respect to peak time, 15-min plasma concentration, and 0-30 min area, indicative of faster absorption from the solution; however, total plasma areas were the same for all four formulations. Comparison of plasma cloprednol levels in this study to those of a prior intravenous-oral dose study suggests that cloprednol was completely bioavailable from all formulations.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Pharmacokinetics of naproxen overdoses.

In earlier safety studies, naproxen, 600 mg three times daily, was administered to healthy subject without significant adverse effects. Another study demonstrated that single doses of 500 to 900 mg resulted in accelerated renal clearance and a nonlinear naproxen plasma level response after the higher doses. Our report describes the pharmacokinetics of naproxen when administered in single doses of 1, 2, 3, or 4 gm (up to eight times the clinically effective dose in rheumatoid arthritis) to healthy subjects. An increase in urinary excretion rate and continuation of the previously documented nonlinear plasma level response were observed. There were no signs that capacity to conjugate or to excrete the drug was exceeded. There were no adverse effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effects of cloprednol and other corticosteroids on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function.

The effects of cloprednol and other corticosteroids on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function were studied in healthy subjects after administration of a single oral dose of corticosteroid at 6 a.m. or 6 p.m., and after daily 6 a.m. administration of corticosteroids at various doses for seven days. The degree of HPA suppression was assessed by metyrapone tests (METP), insulin hypoglycaemia tests (IHT) and 6 a.m. fasting plasma cortisol concentrations. Regardless of the corticosteroid tested, 6 p.m. dosing was at least four-fold more suppressive of METP response than 6 a.m. administration. At therapeutically equivalent doses, single doses of triamcinolone and dexamethasone were more suppressive of HPA-axis function than cloprednol, hydrocortisone or prednisolone, After 6 a.m. administration for seven days, 12-5 mg of cloprednol did not impair the cortisol response to IHT or interfere with the METP response. The clinically equivalent dose of prednisolone (25 mg) resulted in slightly greater HPA-axis suppression. All doses of dexamethasone (0-5, 3-75 and 6-0 mg) and of betamethasome (2-0, 4-0 and 6-5 mg) were more suppressive of HPA-axis function than either cloprednol or prednisolone. These results suggest that at equipotent anti-inflammatory doses, cloprednol is slightly less suppressive of HPA-axis function than prednisolone, and both cloprednol and prednisolone are much less suppressive than dexamethasone or betamethasone.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolic effects of cloprednol-a new systemic corticosteroid.

The short-term metabolic effects of cloprednol, a new short-acting synthetic corticosteroid, were evaluated in four normal subjects. Cloprednol, 12.5 mg/day, in one subject had no appreciable effect on urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, nitrogen, or calcium. Cloprednol, 20 mg/day, in three subjects had no significant effect on mean daily urinary sodium and potassium excretion, although mild, transient sodium retention and kaliuresis were observed. One subject had increased nitrogen excretion and all three had a small increase in calcium excretion. Prednisolone, 40 mg/day, a dose with antiinflammatory potency equivalent to 20 mg/day cloprednol, given subsequently to two subjects under identical conditions resulted in sodium and potassium excretion results similar to those of cloprednol, 20 mg/day, but produced a much greater increase in nitrogen and calcium excretion. These results suggest that, like prednisolone, cloprednol lacks the sodium-retaining properties of hydrocortisone and raise the possibility that cloprednol has less of a deleterious effect on nitrogen and calcium excretion than prednisolone.

Adult↗