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Biomedical subjects

E Seymour

Publications and source records attributed to E Seymour.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Oltipraz concentrations in plasma, buccal mucosa cells, and lipids: pharmacological studies.

Oltipraz is considered one of the most potent cancer chemoprevention agents, as shown in preclinical studies. Its pharmacological effects in humans have been associated with unusual toxicity affecting the fingers and toes. This study was designed to test intermittent dosing schedules using two dosage levels: 500 mg as a single weekly dose and 200 mg as a biweekly dose, each for 30 days. Fifteen men and women were studied in each dosing group. All were heavy smokers considered to be at high risk for developing lung cancer. Plasma, buccal mucosa cell, and lipoprotein concentrations were measured at different intervals corresponding to the time period when most of the adverse effects occur. No serious toxicities were observed using these doses and schedules. The plasma and buccal mucosa cell concentrations of Oltipraz showed substantial interindividual variations at each sampling. Some subjects had no detectable plasma or buccal mucosal cell Oltipraz concentrations. The distribution of Oltipraz incorporation into the lipid fractions and albumin was changed by the administration of different schedules of Oltipraz. The results of this study suggest that the intermittent dosing is well tolerated and does not result in steady state in plasma or buccal mucosa cells. The variation and lack of detectable Oltipraz concentration in plasma, buccal mucosa cells, and lipids may affect both the toxicity and the pharmacological effects when these doses and schedules are used.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

Modes of thought, feeling, and action in infant pain assessment by pediatric nurses.

The components of the assessment process are identified and compared from an ethnography of the methods used by 65 pediatric nurses to assess the level of pain in a sample of infants younger than 1 year of age. Nine different modes of thought, feeling, and action were referenced in reaching judgments about pain levels. The five predominant modes were: deductive, clinical, inductive, testing, and knowing the infant. Over time, the participants had developed a preference for particular combinations of the elements which constitute these modes: repeated use of these preferred assessment methods gave more experienced pediatric nurses distinctive styles of pain assessment. Nurses demonstrated a wider "repertoire" of knowledge about how to assess pain than they customarily used: the selection of particular repertoire items varied by nurses' initial estimates, experience level, and personal assessment style. Findings support the proposition that an understanding of the infant pain assessment process must include nurses' selection and customary use of knowledge and data available to them, as well as the intrinsic nature of that information.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Sources and consequences of satisfaction and dissatisfaction in nursing: findings from a national sample.

The implications for the current nursing shortage of the job satisfaction and dissatisfaction described by 252 members of the American Nursing Association are discussed. Comparison of sources of dissatisfaction by the frequency with which they were mentioned, the strength of emotion with which they were expressed and their potential to provoke defection from nursing, indicate inadequate working conditions and counter-productive attitudes within employing organizations to be the most serious sources of dissatisfaction. Dissatisfaction with remuneration and benefits rank second to structural problems, by each measure. The relative importance of problems with gender and family roles, colleagues, education, and professional associations, and of respect, recognition, and autonomy issues are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

On my own terms: the redefinition of success in nursing.

Studies seeking predictors of success among professional women, including nurses, define "success" largely in extrinsic terms. In the findings of two studies of nurses (N = 200; N = 722), intrinsic forms of success emerge as more highly valued than externally measured achievements. Other studies of nurses and professional women show similar findings. This is argued to reflect realism about the structural obstacles and personal costs involved in vertical careers and the balancing of priorities important to women. Success defined as personal satisfaction is particularly appropriate in an economic climate where the success ethic is less viable and self-evaluation in extrinsic terms is psychologically risky.

Altruism↗
PubMed1976

The token economy in the National Health Service: possibilities and limitations.

The effects after 1 year of the introduction of a token economy system into a long-term male psychiatric ward of 45 mainly schizophrenic patients are described. The main objectives were (1) to define the limits of such programmes in "average" National Health Service conditions, where additional resources in staff, finance, and facilities are very limited and (2) to introduce the principles and techniques of behaviour modification to nursing staff. The programme succeeded in reducing social withdrawal and apathy and in increasing self-care skills and involvement in constructive activity. There was no change in the level of socially embarrassing behaviour. The major limitation affecting the maintenance of the programme was found to be the rapid turnover and unpredictable changes in nursing staff. It was concluded that such programmes are feasible with very little in the way of increased resources, and that such efforts will continue to be necessary in view of the existing large numbers of long-tern patients and the slow but significant accumulation of new patients.

Adult↗