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E Sikuler

Publications and source records attributed to E Sikuler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sequence of morphological and hemodynamic changes of gastric microvessels in portal hypertension.

Changes in gastric microvasculature and blood flow at different phases of portal hypertension were studied in rats 1, 2, 3, 4, and 15 days after induction of portal hypertension or sham operation. Vessel lumen and vessel wall thickness were expressed as a ratio referred to the vessel size. On day 2 after constriction of the portal vein, gastric blood flow was decreased (0.57 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.99 +/- 0.20 mL.min-1.100 g-1; P less than 0.05), and gastric vessels had a distended lumen (0.42 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.28 +/- 0.03; P less than 0.01) and a thin wall (2.11 +/- 0.2 vs. 3.82 +/- 0.4; P less than 0.01). On day 4, the gastric blood flow of portal hypertensive animals was increased (1.15 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.71 +/- 0.07 mL.min-1.100 g-1; P less than 0.05), whereas gastric vessels had a reduced lumen (0.27 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.33 +/- 0.02; P less than 0.01) and a thick wall (4.19 +/- 0.52 vs. 3.16 +/- 0.30; P less than 0.05). By day 15, vessels with the largest lumens (0.45 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.29 +/- 0.01; P less than 0.01) and the thinnest walls (1.78 +/- 0.26 vs. 3.58 +/- 0.62; P less than 0.01) were observed in portal hypertensive animals. In conclusion, the gastric vessels of the 15-day portal vein-ligated rat resemble the structural abnormalities described in human portal hypertensive gastropathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Bromosulfophthalein disposition in chronically bile duct obstructed rats.

The disposition of bromosulfophthalein was studied in chronically bile duct obstructed rats. In this model a catheter was inserted into the common bile duct and the distal tip was sealed. Resumption of bile flow was achieved with great ease. Obstruction of bile duct for 18 days in rats resulted in elevated bilirubin, ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase levels. Portal hypertension developed within this period (11.6 +/- 0.5 in obstructed rats vs. 8.6 +/- 0.6 mm Hg in sham-operated group). After the bile duct obstruction was opened, the half-life time for elimination of bromosulfophthalein (42.30 +/- 6.47 min) was longer than in sham-operated rats (21.23 +/- 3.34 min). Plasma clearance was reduced by 70% in bile duct obstructed rats. In spite of increased bile flow rate, biliary excretion of the dye was reduced by 40% in chronically bile duct obstructed rats. Hepatic glutathione levels were significantly reduced by 20% in this model. The specific activity of glutathione S-transferase with chlorodinitrobenzene and styrene oxide, as substrates, was reduced by 50% and 30%, respectively. However, the percent of conjugated bromosulfophthalein in bile was similar to that of sham-operated rats.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1992

Murine typhus endocarditis.

We have described a 28-year-old male sheepfarmer who had fever, headache, chills, malaise, and aortic insufficiency. Echocardiography revealed a tricuspid aortic valve with a large vegetation on the right cusp, an enlarged left ventricle, and diastolic flutter of the mitral valve. Repeated blood cultures were negative. Seroconversion of IgG and IgM to Rickettsia typhi was found on the 13th day of hospitalization. The patient was treated with tetracycline for 1 year and remained afebrile and free of symptoms for 9 months, when he was lost to follow-up. IgM and IgG fluorescent antibodies to R typhi remained positive during 8 months of the follow-up period. We believe this to be the second reported case of endocarditis due to R typhi and the first not treated surgically.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Isolated cerebellar infarction as a presenting symptom of polycythemia vera.

Although polycythemia vera is one of the reported causes for cerebral infarction, isolated cerebellar infarction, a rare disorder, was never reported in combination with polycythemia vera. This is a report of a 72-year-old woman in whom isolated cerebellar infarction was the presenting manifestation of polycythemia vera. The patient was treated with recurrent phlebotomies until the hematocrit decreased to < 45%. This treatment was followed by marked neurological improvement. A better awareness of the possibility of cerebellar infarction in polycythemia vera may disclose additional cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of structural polypeptides, detected by immunoblotting technique, in the sera of spotted fever group rickettsia positive cases--symptomatic versus asymptomatic.

In an attempt to characterize the nature of symptomatic versus asymptomatic spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) infection, the immune response to R. conorii (boutonneuse fever) structural polypeptides was studied by Western-blot immunoassay. Sera from immunoperoxidase assay (IPA), SFGR seropositive (titre greater than or equal to 80) individuals, symptomatic and asymptomatic and from SFGR seronegative (IPA titre less than 80) individuals living in a kibbutz community in the desert region of Southern Israel were examined by immunoblot. This community suffered from a very high morbidity rate due to SFGR (21-fold higher than the national reported average). The entire community (n-326) has been followed-up since 1985, with serial serum samples being examined for specific IgG antibodies by IPA. The intensity of the immunoblot reaction correlated with specific IgG antibody titres as determined by IPA. This correlation was also observed between the decrease in the IgG titre and the strength of the antibody-antigen reaction by immunoblot over time for a given individual. IPA seropositive sera from asymptomatic as well as symptomatic spotted fever cases reacted to 8 individual polypeptides. In both cases antibodies to 22 kD, 24 kD, 26 kD, 28 kD, 30 kD, 32 kD, 34 kD, and 37 kD were found. In the IPA seronegative sera, antibodies to polypeptides in the range of 24 kD to 32 kD were not detected. The lack of detectable differences by immunoblotting between SFGR symptomatic vs, asymptomatic cases might be explained by other aspects of the immune response of each infected individual, and/or it is possible that virulent and non-virulent antigenically closely related SFGR strains infected symptomatic vs. asymptomatic individuals.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1992

[Hydrothorax of hepatic origin. Description of a clinical case, pathophysiology].

We admitted a 60 year old patient with severe right hydrothorax. He was known to suffer from decompensated non-alcoholic cirrhosis. His invaliding dyspnea was only temporarily improved by repeated thoracocentesis, due to the very rapid refilling of the thorax from the ascites; until the development of a "tension hydrothorax" with dangerous mediastinal deviation. By insertion a peritoneo-venous shunt described by LeVeen the clinical picture was improved, and the patient no longe required further pleural aspiration. Six per cent of cases of ascites complicating hepatic cirrhosis may be associated with hydrothorax of the same origin. The diaphragm is normally perforated by a multitude of tiny virtual holes, closed by the peritoneum and the thoracic pleura. The high intra-abdominal pressure in ascites tears these fragile membranes, and allows the peritoneal fluid to overflow into the pleural cavity. Usually treated by fluid restriction and diuretics, when this condition becomes intractable or when a tension hydrothorax appears, interfering with respiratory function a LeVeen peritoneo-venous shunt should be inserted.

Ascites↗
PubMed1991

[Heat stroke associated with massive hepatic necrosis].

Heat stroke in a 21-year-old soldier was complicated by acute renal failure with rhabdomyolysis, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia, sinus bradycardia and massive liver necrosis. Treatment included general supportive measures, forced alkaline diuresis and IV fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate and was followed by complete recovery.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

Hemodynamic characterization of conscious and ketamine-anesthetized bile duct-ligated rats.

The present study was conducted to characterize the hemodynamic alterations in common bile duct-ligated (CBDL) rats under ketamine anesthesia and in the awake restrained state. Hemodynamic studies using the radioactive microspheres technique were performed 17.6 +/- 0.6 (SE) days after bile duct ligation or sham operation. CBDL rats had lower mean arterial pressure, reduced systemic and renal resistance, and increased renal blood flow compared with sham-operated rats. This was found both in the conscious and anesthetized states. Anesthetized CBDL rats had higher portal pressure (13.2 +/- 0.5 vs. 9.2 +/- 0.4 mmHg; P less than 0.001) and lower splanchnic arteriolar resistance (15.4 +/- 1.3 vs 26.8 +/- 4.6 mmHg.ml-1.min.100 g body wt; P less than 0.05) than sham-operated rats. Portosystemic shunting was 52.3 +/- 11.7% in CBDL and negligible in sham-operated rats. The last three parameters could not be measured in conscious animals. Total peripheral resistance was lower in the conscious than in the anesthetized state, diverting a higher fraction of cardiac output at the expense of splanchnic organs and leading to a significant reduction of portal venous inflow in sham-operated but not in CBDL rats [3.36 +/- 0.47 vs. 5.38 +/- 0.65 (P less than 0.05) and 5.33 +/- 0.58 vs. 6.34 +/- 0.37 ml.min-1.100 g body wt-1 (P = NS), respectively]. These findings indicate that CBDL and normal rats respond differently to anesthesia and restraint. Because the restrained state is stressful and studies in anesthetized animals are technically simpler, provide additional information such as portal pressure and portosystemic shunting, and diminish animal suffering, we suggest that hemodynamic studies in rats, using the microsphere technique, should be preferably performed under ketamine anesthesia.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1990

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhosis in southern Israel (the Negev).

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a syndrome diagnosed in 8-18% of hospitalized cirrhotic patients with ascites. The purpose of our study was to investigate the incidence, clinical features, treatment and mortality rate among patients in the Negev (southern Israel) during the years 1982-87. During this period, 21 patients were diagnosed, with a total of 39 episodes of SBP. While the incidence of SBP observed between 1982 and 1985 was 1.8%, this rate rose to 5.1% in 1986-87 (P less than 0.01), almost certainly a result of an increased awareness of the syndrome. Of our patients 13 had a history of nonalcoholic liver disease, while 8 others were diagnosed as having alcoholic liver disease. Nevertheless there were no significant differences regarding the clinical and laboratory features, the bacteria isolated and the outcome, between alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients, except for chills that were reported by 32% of patients with nonalcoholic liver disease and never by patients with alcoholic liver disease (P less than 0.05). We conclude that despite the fact that alcoholic cirrhosis occurs much less frequently in Israel than in Europe or North America, SBP is as frequent among hospitalized cirrhotic patients and demonstrates a similar clinical and bacteriological picture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Abnormalities in bilirubin and liver enzyme levels in adult patients with bacteremia. A prospective study.

Eighty-four patients with bacteremia were surveyed prospectively for biochemical markers of liver damage. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels were elevated in 44 (53%), 39 (47%), 45 (54%), and 5 (6%) of the patients on the first determination (2.0 +/- 0.1 days after onset of fever) and in 11 (13%), 17 (20%), 26 (31%), and 1 (1%) on the second determination (5.4 +/- 0.2 days after onset of fever), respectively. The elevation rarely exceeded three times the upper limit of normal. One patient had severe jaundice. An abnormality of at least one of these values was found in 55 patients (65%). There were no differences in site of infection, bacteria isolated, and outcome between patients with and without biochemical abnormalities. We conclude that in adult patients with bacteremia, elevation of liver enzymes and bilirubin is common, usually mild, of short duration, and of no prognostic significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Critical evaluation of a pressure-sensitive capsule for measurement of esophageal varix pressure. Studies in vitro and in canine mesenteric vessels.

The accuracy and reliability of a noninvasive pressure-sensitive capsule for the endoscopic measurement of esophageal varix pressure was evaluated. Capsule pressure was correlated with direct intraluminal pressure measurements. The influence of vessel wall tension on capsule pressure was also assessed. In vitro studies demonstrated an excellent correlation (r greater than or equal to 0.94; p less than 0.001) between the pressure obtained with the capsule and intraluminal pressure over a range of vessel diameters and wall thicknesses. In vivo correlation of pressures obtained with the capsule with direct venous pressure measurements was excellent (r = 0.85). However, this correlation decreased with a decrease in vessel diameter (group 1 diameter greater than or equal to 10 mm, r = 0.95; group 2 diameter greater than or equal to 5 mm but less than 10 mm, r = 0.75; group 3 diameter greater than or equal to 3 mm but less than 5 mm, r = 0.81). This decrease in accuracy was significant (p less than 0.001) between group 1 and groups 2 and 3. In vitro and in vivo, capsule pressure variability was significantly greater (p less than 0.001) in vessels of smaller diameter. Wall tension significantly influenced capsule pressure (p less than 0.05), although this effect was only seen in large "vessels" with a diameter beyond a clinically relevant range. Therefore, despite obtaining technically acceptable capsule pressure measurements in ideal experimental conditions, the accuracy and variability of these measurements are limited by vessel size.

Animals↗