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Biomedical subjects

E Silbergeld

Publications and source records attributed to E Silbergeld.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

A reproductive hazards research agenda for the 1990s. Research Needs Working Group.

There is substantial scientific and public concern about the potential effects of occupational and environmental toxicants on reproductive health. These effects include impaired functioning of the reproductive systems of men and women as well as a broad spectrum of developmental problems expressed in offspring. Research on reproduction and development is among the most complex undertakings in biomedical research. This complexity is due in part to the intricate biology of reproduction, the multiple targets involved (male, female, and offspring), the uncertainties in extrapolating from animal models to humans, and the problems involved in accurately characterizing exposures and outcomes in epidemiologic investigations. However, given the relatively brief history of research into toxicant-induced reproductive health effects, we have made enormous strides in our knowledge over the past decade. In particular, recent advances in reproductive biology and biotechnology and in the development of biological markers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility are greatly enhancing our ability to study cause-effect relationships. In this paper, the Research Needs Working Group proposes ways to apply existing knowledge to better protect reproductive health and suggests directions for future research. Fulfilling this challenging agenda will require responsible cooperation by labor, industry, government, individual citizens, and the scientific community. Further research and collaboration are essential to both prevent adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes and to formulate a sound scientific basis for policy making.

Communication↗
PubMed1979

Advances in the neuropharmacology of Parkinsonism.

Advances through basic research have elucidated the disturbances of neurotransmitter function in Parkinson's Dopamine has replaced acetylcholine and norepinephrine as the most studied neurotransmitter, with both conceptual and practical developments, exemplified by the hypothesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate as a "second messenger," and new therapeutic agents. We now have rationally designed in-vitro and in-vivo tests for the evaluation of dopaminergic compounds instead of entirely empiric screening procedures. We are starting to identify different categories of dopaminergic receptors and to manipulate them selectively, with gains in understanding the physiologic input to the striatum. Crucial questions remain, including how dopamine modulates striatal output and what causes the parkinsonian degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway. Developing knowledge on synaptic physiology and pharmacology may lead to better therapy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Criteria for progressive modification of neurobehavioral batteries.

Six specific issues affecting the progressive modification of neurobehavioral test batteries used in field studies of populations exposed to neurotoxicants are discussed and test review recommendations are provided addressing each issue. The issues include: (a) general test review standards, (b) comprehensive assessment, (c) tailored batteries, (d) incorporation of new tests and techniques, (e) personnel and mechanisms for review, and (f) development of a battery assessing peripheral nervous system function.

Behavior↗