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Biomedical subjects

E Skrzydlewska

Publications and source records attributed to E Skrzydlewska.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Antioxidant potential of rat liver in experimental infection with Fasciola hepatica.

The aim of this paper is to assess the antioxidant properties of rat liver in the course of acute and chronic fasciolosis. Wistar rats were infected per os with 30 metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica. Liver activities of antioxidant enzymes and concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants were determined at 4, 7, and 10 weeks post-infection. Activities of superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione reductase (GSSG-R) were decreased, catalase (CAT) activity was increased and non-enzymatic antioxidant concentrations (reduced glutathione, vitamins C, E and A) were reduced simultaneously with enhancement of lipid peroxidation processes as evidenced by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Changes in the antioxidant abilities of the liver and in the phospholipid structure of the cell membrane were accompanied by rising activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as markers of liver damage.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2005

Influence of green tea on surface charge density and phospholipids composition of erythrocytes membrane in ethanol intoxicated rats.

Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde and then to acetic acid and these processes are accompanied by free radical generation. This paper reports the effect of green tea on electric charge and phospholipids composition of erythrocytes membrane from rats intoxicated with ethanol. Electrophoresis technique and HPLC have been applied to above-mentioned studies. Ethanol administration caused increase in erythrocyte membrane surface charge density and phospholipid composition. Ingestion of green tea with ethanol partially prevented changes in structure and function of membrane caused by chronic ethanol intoxication.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2005

Antioxidative properties of black tea.

BACKGROUND: Black tea, obtained by tea leaves fermentation, is an oxidized product and contains mainly multimeric polyphenols, whose biological activity is not well documented. This paper reviews the available literature on the effects of black tea on health with a focus on its antioxidative activity. METHODS: A review of the different issues and studies relating to composition, manufacturing, and antioxidative effects of black tea and its components in vitro as well as in vivo is presented. RESULTS: It is generally believed that polyphenols such as theaflavins and thearubigins as well as catechins as major constituents of black tea are mainly responsible for antioxidant actions. Antioxidative properties of black tea are manifested by its ability to inhibit free radical generation, scavenge free radicals, and chelate transition metal ions. Black tea, as well as individual theaflavins, can influence activation of transcription factors such as NFkappaB or AP-1. Theaflavins have been also proved to inhibit the activity of prooxidative enzymes such as xanthine oxidase or nitric oxide synthase. CONCLUSIONS: Black tea consumed throughout the world is believed to be not only a popular beverage but also an antioxidative agent available in everyday life.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2004

Antioxidant properties of black tea in alcohol intoxication.

Food ingredients such as alcohol may modify cellular redox state. Ethanol metabolism is accompanied by generation of free radicals that can damage cell components especially when antioxidant mechanisms are no able to neutralize them. However black tea is a source of polyphenol antioxidants that may enhance cellular antioxidant abilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of black tea on antioxidant abilities of the liver, blood serum and brain of 12-months old rats sub-chronically (for 28 days) intoxicated with ethanol. Administration of black tea alone caused increase in the activity and concentration of antioxidant parameters more extensively in the liver and serum than in the brain. Alcohol caused decrease in the liver glutathione peroxidase and reductase and catalase activity but increase in activity of superoxide dismutase. Moreover, decrease in the level of non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as reduced glutathione, vitamin C, A and E and beta-carotene was observed. The activity of serum glutathione peroxidase and reductase decreased while superoxide dismutase activity was not changed. The level of non-enzymatic antioxidants in serum was also decreased. However brain activity/level of all examined antioxidants enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic was decreased after ethanol intoxication. Black tea considerably prevented antioxidant parameters against changes caused by ethanol. These results indicate beneficial antioxidant effect of black tea regarding all examined tissues, but especially the liver.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed2004

Protein Z and vitamin K in kidney disease.

PURPOSE: Disturbances in hemostasis are common complications of kidney diseases. Both bleeding diathesis and thromboembolism may complicate the course of chronic uremia. As far as we know, there is a limited data about protein Z in kidney disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aim of our work was to examine plasma protein Z and vitamin K concentrations in nephrotic syndrome (n = 34), glomerulonephritis (n = 48), kidney transplant recipients (n = 80), peritoneally dialyzed patients (n = 42) and in the healthy volunteers (n = 27). RESULTS: Vitamin K was significantly lower in nephrotic syndrome when compared to non-nephrotic patients, CAPD and healthy volunteers (p < 0.05). Protein Z was the highest in CAPD and kidney transplant recipients when compared to any other group. In nephrotic syndrome protein Z was significantly lower when compared to the healthy volunteers, but it did not differ significantly between two groups of patients with chronic renal failure (with and without nephrotic syndrome). Protein Z correlated only with fibrinogen in CAPD, glomerulonephritis and nephrotic patients. Vitamin K correlated with age and albumin in patients with glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome as well as with albumin in CAPD. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in protein Z might contribute to the enhanced risk of thromboembolic complications in nephrotic syndrome, CAPD and Tx via different and unknown mechanisms. This phenomenon seems to be unrelated to vitamin K status in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Release of hydroxyl ions from calcium hydroxide preparations used in endodontic treatment.

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to compare the in vitro release of hydroxyl ions from several calcium hydroxide preparations used in endodontic treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Equal quantities of the materials--nonsetting (pure calcium hydroxide, Biopulp, Calcicure), setting--canal sealers (Sealapex, Apexit) and points were placed in dialysis tubes which were then immersed in deionized water. The release of hydroxyl ions from the preparations was measured by the median pH of the deionized water used for dialysis, by means of a pH-meter. The results of our study were analyzed by means of Tukey's reasonable correlation. Significance difference (one-way variance analysis ANOVA) and Pearson's linear correlation coefficient (r2). RESULTS: Nonsetting preparations of calcium hydroxide have a significantly higher capability of hydroxyl ions release in comparison with sealers and points, irrespective of time (p < 0.05). Sealapex and "plus" points released hydroxyl ions to a much greater extent than both Apexit and "regular" points at most periods of the experiment (p < 0.05). Apexit released significantly more of hydroxyl ions than "regular" points, and Sealapex more than "plus" points in the later periods of the experiment (p < 0.05). The pH values of dialysis samples of all materials correlated positively with time and the pH. Almost all materials reached a maximum on the 8-th day of the experiment. CONCLUSIONS: To achieve maximum concentration of hydroxyl ions in tissues: for temporary root fillings nonsetting preparations of calcium hydroxide should be chosen rather than points and they should be placed for at least one week, for permanent root fillings it is more recommended to use Sealapex than Apexit as a sealer.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed2002

Protective effect of green tea against lipid peroxidation in the rat liver, blood serum and the brain.

This paper reports data on the effect of green tea on the lipid peroxidation products formation and parameters of antioxidative system of the liver, blood serum and central nervous tissue of healthy young rats drinking green tea for five weeks. The rats were permitted free access to solubilized extract of green tea. Bioactive ingredients of green tea extract caused in the liver an increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and in the content of reduced glutathione as well as marked decrease in lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), 4-hydroksynonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The concentration of vitamin A increased by about 40%. Minor changes in the measured parameters were observed in the blood serum. GSH content increased slightly, whereas the index of the total antioxidant status increased significantly. In contrast, the lipid peroxidation products, particularly MDA was significantly diminished. In the central nervous tissue the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase decreased while the activity od glutathione reductase and catalase increased after drinking green tea. Moreover the level of LOOH, 4-HNE and MDA significantly decreased. The use of green tea extract appeared to be beneficial to rats in reducing lipid peroxidation products. These results support and substantiate traditional consumption of green tea as protection against lipid peroxidation in the liver, blood serum, and central nervous tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Green tea as a potent antioxidant in alcohol intoxication.

Ethanol oxidation to acetaldehyde and next to acetate is accompanied by free radical generation. Free radicals can affect cell integrity when antioxidant mechanisms are no longer able to cope with the free radical generation observed in ethanol intoxication. Natural antioxidants are particularly useful in such a situation. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of green tea as a source of water-soluble antioxidants (catechins) on the liver and blood serum antioxidative potential of rats chronically (28 days) intoxicated with ethanol. Alcohol caused a decrease in liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities and an increase in activity of glutathione reductase. Moreover, a decrease in the level of reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid, vitamins A and E and beta-carotene were observed. The activity of serum glutathione peroxidase decreased while glutathione reductase activity increased. The level of serum non-enzymatic antioxidants was also decreased in the liver. Alcohol administration caused an increase in the liver and serum lipid peroxidation products, measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. However, green tea prevents the changes observed after ethanol intoxication. Green tea also protects membrane phospholipids from enhanced peroxidation. These results indicate a beneficial effect of green tea in alcohol intoxication.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed2001

Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in colorectal cancer.

Colon carcinogenesis is a multistep process where oxygen radicals were found to enhance carcinogenesis at all stages: initiation, promotion, and progression. Since insufficient capacity of protective antioxidant system can result in cancer, the aim of this study was to examine the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) and the levels of reduced glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E. The lipid peroxidation products were also determined by measuring malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal levels in colorectal cancer tissue collected from 55 patients. In these cases the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase was significantly increased while the activity of catalase was significantly decreased in cancer tissue. However, the level of nonenzymatic antioxidant parameters (glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E) was significantly decreased in cancer tissue. Further lipid peroxidation was enhanced during cancer development, manifested by a significant increase in malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal levels. The obtained results indicate significant changes in antioxidant capacity of colorectal cancer tissues, which lead to enhanced action of oxygen radicals, resulting in lipid peroxidation.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2001

Immunohistochemical evaluation of cathepsin D expression in colorectal cancer.

Cathepsin D is one of the main proteolytic enzymes contributing to the development of cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of cathepsin D in 48 colorectal adenocarcinomas at pT3 stage of clinical advancement and G2 histologic grade. The correlation between cathepsin D expression, anatomo-clinical advancement and the presence of chosen anatomo-clinical properties of the tumours was also analysed. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues were investigated with anti-cathepsin D antibody. Immunolocalisation of cathepsin D was performed using Labelled Streptavidin Biotin (LSAB) method. A statistical correlation was found between high catepsin D expression in the cells of the main mass of the cancer and low cathepsin D expression in low-differentiated cancer cells which formed nests at the border of cancer invasion. There was no correlation between cathepsin D expression in the cells of colorectal cancer and other anatomo-clinical parameters of the tumours.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[Cancer procoagulant activity in cases of esophageal, stomach and colorectal cancer considering progression degree and histological type of cancer].

The cancer procoagulant activity has been evaluated in homogenates of esophagal, stomach and colorectal cancer tissues and in the blood serum of patients with these neoplasms's. Activity of CP was significantly higher in examined material than in control. The correlation between CP activity and progression degree as well as histological type was affirmed. The higher activity of CP in homogenates as well as in serum was observed in cases with higher degree of clinical progression and smaller activity of this enzyme corresponded with lower degree of the cancer progression. The highest activity of CP was observed in the cases of adenocarcinoma whereas the lowest in cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Higher activity of CP in homogenates of examined tissues correlated with higher activity of this enzyme in the serum. Activity of CP depended on the tissue localisation of the cancer and the highest was in the cases of stomach cancers whereas the lowest was in the cases of esophagal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[The activity of cathepsin B in colorectal adenocarcinomas].

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the activity of cathepsin B in 36 colorectal adenocarcinomas at stage pT3 of clinical advancement and histological grade G2. A correlation was also analysed of cathepsin B activity with the stage of anatomo-clinical advancement and the presence of chosen anatomo-clinical features of the tumour. Statistically significantly higher activity of cathepsin B was observed both in the cytosol and homogenate of the neoplastic tissue compared to its activity in the cytosol and homogenate of the adjacent unchanged tissue. A tendency was found towards higher cathepsin B activity in homogenate than in cytosol, both in the neoplastic and normal tissue. No correlation was revealed between cathepsin B activity in neoplastic cells and other anatomo-clinical tumour parameters analysed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

Ethanol and N-acetylcysteine influence on the development of liver changes in experimental methanol intoxication.

The evaluation of ethanol and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) influence on histopathological changes in rat liver intoxicated with 3 g of methanol/kg b.w. was conducted, based on morphological examinations in light and electron microscope. The rats received intragastrically 3.0 g of methanol/kg b.w. as a 50% solution, 10% ethanol for 24 hours before methanol and next 48 hours after methanol ingestion and NAC (150 mg/kg b.w.) after 15 min. methanol administrated. The results indicate that methanol intoxication causes pronounced morphological changes in the examined organ. Ethanol administered to methanol-intoxicated rats caused intensification of certain parameters of hepatocytes morphological damage. A simultaneous administration of methanol and NAC resulted in a lower degree of parenchymal damage.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed2001

The influence of green tea on the activity of proteases and their inhibitors in plasma of rats after ethanol treatment.

Ethanol oxidation in the liver is accompanied by formation of acetaldehyde and free radicals. These compounds can react with biologically active proteins, including proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors. The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of green tea on the activity of cathepsin G and elastase and their inhibitors such as alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-2-macroglobulin, total antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in plasma of young rats chronically intoxication with ethanol. The activity of cathepsin G and elastase was increased, while the activity of their inhibitors was reduced after ethanol treatment. AT the same time, the total antioxidant status was significantly decreased while lipid peroxidation measured as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal was significantly increased. Giving green tea to rats did not change the proteases and their inhibitors activity, but significantly increased total antioxidant status and decreased lipid peroxidation. Drinking green tea with ethanol partially prevents the changes observed after ethanol intoxication.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2001

Cathepsin D activity in colorectal cancer.

Cathepsin D is one of the main proteolytic enzymes involved in the neoplastic process. The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of cathepsin D in 36 colorectal adenocarcinomas (of the colon and rectum) at stage pT3 of clinical advancement and histological grade G2. The correlation of cathepsin D activity with the stage of anatomo-clinical advancement and the presence of chosen anatomo-clinical properties of the tumour was also analysed. The activity of cathepsin D was found to be statistically significantly higher both in the neoplastic tissue cytosol and homogenate, compared to the cytosol and homogenate of adjacent healthy tissue. No correlation was noted between the activity of cathepsin D in neoplastic cells and other parameters analysed.

Adenocarcinoma↗