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Biomedical subjects

E Smallman

Publications and source records attributed to E Smallman.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1971

Protection against burn, tourniquet and endotoxin shock by histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine derivatives.

1. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), tryptamine, 5-methyltryptamine, 5-methoxytryptamine, N-methyltryptamine, 5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and histamine markedly protect mice subjected to burn, tourniquet and endotoxin shock. All of these compounds protect when given 30 min before the production of shock, but not when administered afterwards.2. The above compounds, as well as purines and purine derivatives have a similar chemical structure. Protection requires the compounds to contain a 5-membered ring with one unsubstituted N atom and a side chain with a basic N atom three atoms from the ring.3. All other biological amines tested without this chemical structure did not protect.4. Since the simplest compounds containing all the prerequisites for protection is histamine, this compound may play the key role in protection, for both 5-HT and purines release histamine from tissues.5. Protective doses of 5-HT and histamine prevent swelling of the injured area after tourniquet trauma and produce an increased bleeding volume and lower haematocrit value after burning. These actions of the drugs on the circulation may account for the increased survival after thermal trauma.

Animals↗
PubMed1968

Protection by vaccination against Pseudomonas infection after thermal injury.

Active immunization is effective in the prophylaxis of Pseudomonas septicemia in burned mice. Vaccines were prepared from bacterial cells and growth medium of Verder's 10 different O serological types of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, as well as from Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Mice given a tail burn could be significantly protected against a local Pseudomonas challenge by both specific and, to a lesser extent, by nonspecific Pseudomonas vaccines prepared either from bacterial cells or from the medium in which they were grown. The vaccine was effective when administered prior to or after thermal trauma. After a more extensive rump burn, the protective effect of a specific vaccine given after thermal injury was significant only when the challenge was postponed until 4 days postburn; the level of protection was less than in the mice with smaller burns.

Animals↗