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Biomedical subjects

E Smejkalová

Publications and source records attributed to E Smejkalová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Comparative study of percentage of T-lymphocytes in blood in patients with breast and thyroid cancer.

The authors have studied the percentage of T-lymphocytes detected by means of an acid non-specific esterase technique (ANAE) in venous blood in patients with malignant tumors of mammary and thyroid glands. The examination was concentrated especially on a group of patients with both metastatic and non-metastatic tumors. The examination was performed before and after operation. It was found the the percentage of T-lymphocytes had been significantly higher in non-metastasizing tumors than in healthy individuals and lower both in metastasizing tumors and healthy controls. The percentage of T-lymphocytes in tumor-patients is relatively higher prior to operation than after it. Although the interpretation of these results is not easy, however, one may presume, that behavior of T-lymphocytes is a signal for alterations in immune system of the patients; further and more specific investigation is therefore urgent. This method is very useful in practice for monitoring mammary gland and thyroid tumors and perhaps other malignancies.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

T-lymphocytes detected by esterase technique in malignant tumours of the thyroid.

The authors studied the percentage of T-lymphocytes detected by means of acid non specific esterase technique in patients with malignant thyroid tumours. The lymphocytes were investigated in the punctates from the tumour as well as in the venous blood. The results were compared with those in simple goitres and in healthy controls respectively. It has been found that the percentage of T-lymphocytes in the tumours limited to the thyroid was significantly higher in comparison with those of disseminated tumours. In the venous blood of cancers with metastases the ANAE positive lymphocytes were decreased, when compared with thyroid cancers without spread as well as with healthy controls. After the operation the T-lymphocytes decreased in the blood to the values found in healthy people. The authors suppose that ANAE positive lymphocytes (corresponding to the T-lymphocytes) which play an important part in the anti-tumour cell defence might be used as a convenient criterion by which this aspect of immune state could be judged. Further experience will prove whether the presence of metastases could thus be assayed.

Carboxylesterase↗
PubMed1981

[The significance of acid phosphatase activity in the cytologic diagnosis of thyroid malignancy (author's transl)].

The activity of acid phosphatase in thyroid cells obtained by aspiration biopsy with thin needle was studied. The results were compared with those, found by a biochemical method in the operation material of the same cases. It has been proved that there is a significant difference between malignant tumours with cytochemically mostly positive acid phosphatase reaction and colloid adenomas with mostly negative reaction. The results obtained by biochemical method showed significant quantitative differences between malignant and benign tumours. The pattern of acid phosphatase subunits (isoenzymes) in the sera of patients with thyroid malignancies were pathologic and similar to those found in mammary cancers. It can be supposed that the behavior of acid phosphatase in thyreocytes depends on same metabolic properties, perhaps on some process characteristic for malignancy, e.g. growth activity. Even this finding of cytochemically positive acid phosphatase reaction cannot be awaited to be quite specific, it has proved as a useful marker signalizing the possibility of malignancy.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

[The importance of nucleolar morphology for the diagnostic cytology of malignomas of the thyroid (author's transl)].

The evaluation of the nuclear morphology for the diagnostic cytology of the various types of goiters with special regard to thyroid malignancy was studied. The material for the light microscopy was obtained from the goiters by means of aspiration biopsy with thin needle and that for electrone microscopy from the excision at the operation. Both the patterns of the nucleoli were compared. The nucleolus of the thyroid cell, like in other cells, is a marker of the RNA synthetic activity. Secondary it signals the intensity of the proteosynthetic activity, that means of secretory or proliferative processes. In thyroid cells, the increased activity has a different nucleolar pattern. For that reason the study of the nucleoli is very useful in differential diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. The cytochemical examination of the nucleoli by means of toluidine blue staining is in accord with the electron microscopic pattern, where the mutual relation of the fibrillar and granular components of RNA can be evaluated.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1977

The cytological demonstration of the peroxidase activity in smears from thyroid goiters.

A new modification of the benzidine methods for demonstration of the peroxidase activity has been developed and applied to smears obtained from goiters by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Only this method could yield positive results in toxic goiters and warm nodules. In cold nodules the peroxidase activity could not be found. The possible sources of errors and the causes of negative results when employing conventional methods as well as the possible significance of the demonstration of theperoxidase activity for clinical cytology of goiter have been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Significance of cytological studies for the diagnosis of thyroid malignomas].

The authors employed the needle aspiration biopsy for the morphological diagnosis of thyroid malignancies of 2000 goitres. Only 3 false negative diagnoses out of 120 proved malignant tumours were done. The cytological signs of malignant thyroid cells were in the majority of cases so clear that the malignancy could be recognized without difficulty. None of the changes typical for malignant cells were found in benign euthyroid or hyperthyroid goitres. It was possible not only to recognize a malignant thyroid tumour, but also to judge the grade of its differentiation and to identify certain histological tumour types (Hürthle cell adenoma, papillary carcinoma) according to some special cytological signs. The demonstration of the nucleolar apparatus by means of a simple cytochemical technic proved to be a very useful indicator for the appreciation of the function, growth activity and malignant transformation of thyroid cells.

Biopsy, Needle↗