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E Sochett

Publications and source records attributed to E Sochett.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

The relationship between insulin autoantibodies and islet cell histology in the diabetes prone BB rat.

The relationship between insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and pancreatic islet cell histology was examined in 71 diabetes prone BB rats from the Toronto colony. Twenty-seven of the 71 became diabetic and of these, 18 (67%) were IAA positive by ELISA. IAA were also detected in 39/44 (89%) which did not develop diabetes, but in none of six control animals at 50-140 days of age. All 27 which became diabetic showed some evidence of lymphocytic infiltration scored + to ++++ histometrically and 26/27 evidence of beta cell degranulation. The frequency of diabetes increased with both intensity of insulitis and degree of beta cell degranulation, but there was no correlation between either and IAA. IAA are a marker for the BB strain of Wistar rat, but do not correlate with islet cell histology and do not predict clinical diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapy to decrease microalbuminuria in normotensive children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

It has been proposed that lowering glomerular pressure in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus will reduce microalbuminuria and that this reduction may preserve renal function. We therefore conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial to compare 3 months of treatment with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril (0.9 mg/kg/day), and 3 months of placebo administration to 12 normotensive adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 11 with microalbuminuria (albumin excretion rate of 15 to 200 micrograms/min) and one with early overt nephropathy. Mean age (+/- SD) was 14.4 +/- 1.7 years, and disease duration was 5.1 +/- 2.5 years. Albumin excretion rate decreased significantly during captopril therapy (baseline 78 +/- 114 micrograms/min; mean of monthly measurements 38 +/- 55 micrograms/min vs placebo 78 +/- 140 micrograms/min; p less than 0.001). During captopril therapy, albumin excretion was reduced by 41 +/- 44% and decreased in 10 of 12 subjects, but was unchanged in two, one with a borderline albumin excretion rate (16.3 micrograms/min) and one with diabetes of short duration (2.9 years). Plasma renin activity rose significantly during captopril therapy, and mean arterial pressure decreased slightly (placebo 81 +/- 7 mm Hg; captopril 76 +/- 5 mm Hg; p = 0.004). After 3 months of captopril treatment, glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow did not change significantly. Hemoglobin Alc values remained stable during the study. The only side effect of captopril was diarrhea in one patient. We conclude that, in the short term, captopril is effective in decreasing albumin excretion rate in normotensive children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria, without significant side effects. Longer trials are indicated in an attempt to delay or prevent overt nephropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of children with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes in northern Finland and southern Ontario: differences at disease onset.

This study was undertaken to evaluate whether differences in Type 1 diabetes incidence in two separate geographical locations are associated with any differences in biochemical and immunological features at the onset of the disease. We studied all children under 16 years of age who presented at the time of diagnosis with Type 1 diabetes to the children's hospitals in Oulu (n = 43) and Toronto (n = 87) during 1984-1985. At onset children from Northern Finland had lower blood glucose and HbAlc levels, and higher C-peptide concentrations than those from Southern Ontario (p's less than 0.01). The group from Northern Finland also had a higher incidence of multiplex families (18.6 vs 4.6%, p less than 0.01). Amongst the Finnish group, those from multiplex families had a higher C-peptide concentration and lower frequency of ketoacidosis than those from simplex families (p's less than 0.05). Thus differences do exist at the onset of diabetes in these groups from geographical locations with greatly different incidences of Type 1 diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Relationship of insulin autoantibodies to presentation and early course of IDDM in children.

Insulin antibodies have been documented before (insulin autoantibodies [IAAs]) and after (insulin antibodies) insulin administration in children with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Whereas the relationship of IAA to various factors at presentation has been studied in some detail, little is known about their relationship to events during the 1st yr after diagnosis. Furthermore, the course and factors affecting insulin-antibody response to human insulin administration in children with newly diagnosed IDDM remain poorly defined. To study these questions, we measured serum glucose, pH, bicarbonate, C-peptide, and IAA at diagnosis in 84 children between 0.5 and 18 yr of age. Basal and peak C-peptide responses to Sustacal ingestion, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and IAA were then measured in 33 of these patients at 10 days and 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo after diagnosis. At presentation, IAAs were absent (binding below the mean + 3SD of the binding of control serums) in 51 patients (61%) and present (binding above the mean + 3SD) in 33 patients (39%). Multiple regression analysis showed a significant nonlinear relationship between IAAs and both age (P less than .005) and blood glucose (P less than .05) at onset. There was a stepwise increase in median insulin-antibody binding throughout the 1st yr. This increase was most marked during the 1st mo of insulin therapy and showed a statistically significant difference between successive measurements only during this period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Relationship of islet cell and islet cell surface antibodies to the presentation and early course of IDDM in childhood.

Islet cell (ICA) and islet cell surface (ICSA) antibodies were measured in 30 children (aged 6-17.7 years) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to determine the relationship of antibody positivity/negativity to a variety of factors both at presentation (e.g., age, severity of onset, residual insulin secretion, insulin autoantibodies) and during the first year thereafter (HbA1c, insulin antibody binding, residual insulin secretion). At diagnosis, 10 of 30 were ICA (+) and 13 ICSA (+): no differences were found between ICA (+) and (-) subjects at onset; however ICSA (+) children had a lower bicarbonate concentration than those (-) for ICSA (P less than 0.01). During the first year after diagnosis the only significant finding was that in ICA (+) patients insulin dose (units/kg) was lower at both 6 and 12 months (mean +/- SD 0.55 +/- 0.14 and 0.67 +/- 0.12 U/kg, respectively) than ICA (-)'s (0.70 +/- 0.22 and 0.96 +/- 0.38, respectively, both P less than 0.05). Those children positive for both ICA and ICSA did not differ in any way at onset or during the subsequent 12 months from those negative for both antibodies. These results suggest that, except for minor differences, the presentation and course during the first year after diagnosis of IDDM do not differ in those children positive or negative for either or both ICA and ICSA.

Adolescent↗